UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

x

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

OR

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Commission file number 001-14157

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

TELEPHONE AND DATA SYSTEMS, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware

  

  

36-2669023

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

  

  

(IRS Employer Identification No.)

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

30 North LaSalle Street, Suite 4000, Chicago, Illinois 60602

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip code)

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (312) 630-1900

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

    Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Title of each class

  

Name of each exchange on which registered

  

  

  

Common Shares, $.01 par value

  

New York Stock Exchange

  

  

  

6.625% Senior Notes due 2045

  

New York Stock Exchange

  

  

  

6.875% Senior Notes due 2059

  

New York Stock Exchange

  

  

  

7.0% Senior Notes due 2060

  

New York Stock Exchange

  

  

  

5.875% Senior Notes due 2061

  

New York Stock Exchange

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

    Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

    Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.

Yes

No

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

    Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act.

Yes 

No

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.

Yes

No

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).

Yes

No

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

    Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.

 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

 

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

    Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).

Yes 

No

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

    As of June 30, 2014, the aggregate market values of the registrant’s Common Shares, Series A Common Shares and Preferred Shares held by non-affiliates were approximately $2.5 billion, $2.4 million and $0.8 million, respectively.  For purposes hereof, it was assumed that each director, executive officer and holder of 10% or more of any class of voting equity security of Telephone and Data Systems, Inc. (“TDS”) is an affiliate.  The June 30, 2014 closing price of the Common Shares was $26.11 as reported by the New York Stock Exchange.  Because trading in the Series A Common Shares and Preferred Shares is infrequent, the registrant has assumed for purposes hereof that (i) each Series A Common Share has a market value equal to one Common Share because the Series A Common Shares are convertible on a share-for-share basis into Common Shares, (ii) each nonredeemable Preferred Share has a market value of $100 because each of such shares had a stated value of $100 when issued, and (iii) each Preferred Share that is redeemable by the delivery of TDS Common Shares has a value equal to the value of the number of Common Shares (at $26.11 per share) on June 30, 2014 that would be required to be delivered upon redemption.

  

    The number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of January 31, 2015, is 100,728,000 Common Shares, $.01 par value, and 7,179,000 Series A Common Shares, $.01 par value.

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

    Those sections or portions of the registrant's 2014 Annual Report to Shareholders (“Annual Report”), filed as Exhibit 13 hereto, and of the registrant’s Notice of Annual Meeting of Shareholders and Proxy Statement for its 2015 Annual Meeting of Shareholders (“Proxy Statement”) to be filed on or prior to April 30, 2015, described in the table of contents included herein are incorporated by reference into Parts II and III of this report.

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

 


 

 

 

 


 

 

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.

 

Annual Report on Form 10-K

For the Period Ended December 31, 2014

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

 

Page Number

Part I

 

 

 

 

Item 1.  Business

1

 

Item 1A.  Risk Factors

17

 

Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments

31

 

Item 2.  Properties  

31

 

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings  

31

 

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures

31

 

 

 

 

Part II

 

 

 

 

Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

32

 

Item 6.  Selected Financial Data

32

 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

32

 

Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

32

 

Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data  

33

 

Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

33

 

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures

33

 

Item 9B.  Other Information

34

 

 

 

 

Part III

 

 

 

 

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

35

 

Item 11.  Executive Compensation

35

 

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

35

 

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

35

 

Item 14.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services

35

 

 

 

 

Part IV

 

 

 

 

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

36

 


 

Table of Contents 

                                                                                                                                                                 

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.  

30 NORTH LASALLE STREET, SUITE 4000,

CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60602

TELEPHONE (312) 630-1900

 

 

PART I

 

Item 1.  Business

 

Telephone and Data Systems, Inc.  (“TDS”) is a diversified telecommunications company providing high-quality telecommunications services to approximately 4.8 million wireless customers and 1.2 million wireline and cable connections at December 31, 2014. TDS conducts its wireless operations through its majority-owned subsidiary, United States Cellular Corporation  (“U.S. Cellular”).  As of December 31, 2014, TDS owned 84% of the combined total of the outstanding Common Shares and Series A Common Shares of U.S. Cellular and controlled 96% of the combined voting power of both classes of common stock.  TDS provides wireline services, cable services and hosted and managed services, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, TDS Telecommunications Corporation (“TDS Telecom”).

 

TDS’ business segments reflected in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 are U.S. Cellular and TDS Telecom’s Wireline, Cable and Hosted and Managed Services (“HMS”) operations. TDS operations also include the majority-owned printing and distribution company, Suttle-Straus, Inc. (“Suttle-Straus”) and TDS’ wholly-owned subsidiary, Airadigm Communications, Inc. (“Airadigm”).  Suttle-Straus and Airadigm’s financial results were not significant to TDS’ operations.  All of TDS’ segments operate only in the United States, except for HMS, which includes an insignificant foreign operation.  Additional information about TDS’ segments is incorporated herein by reference from Note 18 — Business Segment Information, in TDS’ Annual Report to Shareholders, filed as Exhibit 13 hereto.

 

TDS was incorporated in 1968 and changed its state of incorporation from Iowa to Delaware in 1998.  TDS executive offices are located at 30 North LaSalle Street, Suite 4000, Chicago, Illinois 60602.  TDS’ telephone number is 312-630-1900. 

 

TDS Common Shares trade under the ticker symbol “TDS” on the New York Stock Exchange (“NYSE”).  U.S. Cellular Common Shares trade on the NYSE under the ticker symbol “USM.”

 

Under listing standards of the NYSE, TDS is a “controlled company” as such term is defined by the NYSE.  TDS is a controlled company because over 50% of the voting power for the election of directors of TDS is held by the trustees of the TDS Voting Trust.

 

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Table of Contents 

The following map represents TDS’ consolidated areas of operations:

 

 

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Table of Contents 

U.S. Cellular Operations

 

Customers, Services and Products

 

Customers.  U.S. Cellular provides service to postpaid and prepaid customers from a variety of demographic segments.  U.S. Cellular uses a segmentation model to classify businesses and consumers into logical groupings for developing new products and services, direct marketing campaigns, and retention efforts.  U.S. Cellular focuses on retail consumers, government, and small-to-mid-size business customers in vertical industries such as construction, retail, professional services and real estate.  These customers are served primarily through U.S. Cellular’s retail and direct sales channels.

 

Services.  U.S. Cellular’s postpaid customers are able to choose from a variety of national plans with voice, messaging and data usage options and pricing that are designed to fit different customer needs, usage patterns and budgets.  Helping a customer find the right pricing plan is an important element of U.S. Cellular’s brand positioning.  U.S. Cellular offers Shared Data plans that include unlimited voice minutes and text messaging combined with a variety of data usage options.  Under these plans, customers can share data usage among all users and devices connected to the plan.  Business rate plans are designed to meet the unique needs of the business customer.  U.S. Cellular’s national plans price all domestic calls as local calls, regardless of where they are made or received in the United States, with no long distance or roaming charges.  U.S. Cellular also offers prepaid service plans, which include voice, messaging and data options in a variety of ways, for a monthly fee.  In 2014, unlimited prepaid plans were launched which provide customers unlimited voice, messaging and data, including specified amounts of high speed fourth generation Long Term Evolution (“4G LTE”) data; data usage over the specified limit is provided at lower speeds to ensure customers are never without data access.   U.S. Cellular also expanded its device installment contract offerings in 2014 as discussed in “Devices and Products” below.

 

U.S. Cellular builds customer loyalty by offering high-quality network services, customer focused support services, effective pricing and other benefits including rewards points, which can be used to obtain a free wireless device or to accelerate the timing of a wireless device upgrade, as well as for other rewards such as additional lines and accessories. Certain available postpaid plans include Overage Cap, a free service that prevents voice overage charges from exceeding $50 for a National Single Line Plan or $150 for a Family Plan.

 

U.S. Cellular’s portfolio of smartphones, tablets and other connected devices (see “Devices and Products” below) is a key part of its strategy to deliver wireless devices which allow customers to stay productive, entertained and connected on the go, and are backed by U.S. Cellular’s high-speed networks, including a 4G LTE network, which, as of December 31, 2014, covered 94% of its postpaid customers.  U.S. Cellular’s 4G LTE network supports smartphone messaging, data and internet services that allow customers to access the web and social network sites, e-mail, text, picture and video message, utilize turn-by-turn GPS navigation, and browse and download thousands of applications to customize their wireless devices to fit their lifestyles.  U.S. Cellular also operates a third generation (“3G”) network, which supports nationwide roaming.

 

In 2014, U.S. Cellular launched several new services such as connected home and new international dialing.  Connected home is a professionally configured, self-installed home security and automation system whereby customers receive professional home monitoring services.  Additional services such as protection against fire and other emergencies, as well as energy and video monitoring, are also available to customers with the connected home solution.

 

In 2014, U.S. Cellular greatly expanded its solutions to business and government customers, specifically in the areas of asset/fleet management, monitor and control, mobile automation and business communication, through offerings in machine to machine, wireless priority services, and mobile device management.  U.S. Cellular will continue to further enhance its advanced wireless services and connected solutions for consumer and business customers in 2015 and beyond.

 

Devices and Products.  U.S. Cellular offers a comprehensive range of wireless devices such as handsets, modems, mobile hotspots, home phone and tablets for use by its customers.  U.S. Cellular offers wireless devices that are compatible with some or all of its 4G LTE and 3G networks and all are compliant with the Federal Communications Commission’s (“FCC”) enhanced wireless 911 (“E-911”) requirements.  In addition, U.S. Cellular offers a wide range of accessories, significantly expanding the breadth of products offered, from wireless basics such as carrying cases, hands-free devices, batteries, battery chargers, and memory cards to related consumer electronics such as headphones, speakers, and Bluetooth keyboards to customers. U.S. Cellular also sells wireless devices to agents and other third-party distributors for resale. U.S. Cellular frequently discounts wireless devices sold to new and current customers and provides discounts on upgraded wireless devices to current customers, in order to attract new customers or to retain existing customers by reducing the cost of becoming or remaining a wireless customer.  In 2013, U.S. Cellular began offering customers the option to purchase certain devices under installment contracts over a period of up to 24 months and, in 2014, began offering financing under installment contracts for all wireless devices.  For certain installment plans, after a specified period of time, the customer may have the right to upgrade to a new device, thus enabling customers to more easily access the latest smartphones and provide a better overall customer experience. 

 

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Table of Contents 

U.S. Cellular continues to offer several programs which allow the customer to receive a replacement device through a retail store or through direct mail.  U.S. Cellular also has enhanced its Device Protection+ program in 2014 to include overnight delivery while continuing to provide customers peace of mind by covering lost and stolen devices.

 

During 2014, U.S. Cellular continued to bolster its expanding smartphone and tablet portfolio with Android wireless devices and tablets such as the Samsung Galaxy S5, Samsung Galaxy Note 4, LG G3, Motorola Moto X (2nd Generation), Motorola G, Samsung Galaxy Tab 4, and LG Gpad, and Apple products such as the iPhone 6, iPhone 6Plus, iPad Air 2, and iPad Mini.  U.S. Cellular’s smartphone offerings play a significant role in driving data service usage and revenues.  The devices offered include a full array of smartphones and feature phones. In 2014, U.S. Cellular also offered additional products and services including phone in a box and connected home. 

 

U.S. Cellular purchases wireless devices and accessory products from a number of manufacturers, including Samsung, Apple, Motorola, LG, Superior Communications, Kyocera, ZTE, Tessco, and Sierra Wireless. U.S. Cellular negotiates volume discounts with its suppliers and works with them in promoting specific equipment in its local advertising.  U.S. Cellular does not own significant product warehousing and distribution infrastructure.  Instead, it contracts with third party providers for substantially all of its product warehousing, distribution and direct customer fulfillment activities. U.S. Cellular also contracts with third party providers for services related to its device replacement programs.

 

U.S. Cellular continuously monitors the financial condition of its wireless device and accessory suppliers.  Because U.S. Cellular purchases wireless devices and accessories from numerous suppliers, U.S. Cellular does not expect the financial condition of any single supplier to affect its ability to offer a competitive variety of wireless devices and accessories for sale to customers.

 

Marketing, Customer Service, and Sales and Distribution Channels

 

Marketing and Advertising.  U.S. Cellular’s marketing plan is focused on acquiring, retaining and growing customer relationships by maintaining an exceptional wireless network, providing outstanding customer service, and offering high-quality products and services built around customer needs at fair prices.

 

U.S. Cellular believes that creating positive relationships with its customers enhances their wireless experience and builds customer loyalty.  U.S. Cellular currently offers several innovative, customer-centric programs and services to customers.  The Overage Protection service provides customers peace-of-mind by sending them text message alerts when they come close to reaching their allowable monthly plan minutes, text messages or data usage in order to avoid overage charges.  With the launch of Shared Data plans in late 2013, whereby a customer selects the size of the data bucket to share among all of their lines/devices, U.S. Cellular followed up in 2014 with a service to allow customers to limit data usage on specific lines – or for the entire account – thereby providing controls to manage account overages.  This service, Data Usage Controls, allows customers an easy way to split up their data bucket by line.

 

U.S. Cellular increases consumer awareness using media such as television, radio, newspaper, direct mail advertising, the Internet, social media and sponsorships.  U.S. Cellular has achieved its current level of penetration of its markets through a combination of a strong brand position, promotional advertising, broad distribution, maintaining a high-quality wireless network and providing outstanding customer service.  U.S. Cellular’s advertising is directed at increasing the public awareness and understanding of the wireless services it offers, improving potential customers’ awareness of the U.S. Cellular brand, attracting and retaining customers, and increasing existing customers’ usage of U.S. Cellular’s services. U.S. Cellular attempts to select the advertising and promotional media that are most appealing to the targeted groups of potential customers in each local market.  U.S. Cellular supplements its advertising with a focused public relations program that drives store traffic, supports sales of products and services, and builds brand awareness and preference.  The approach combines national and local media relations in mainstream and social media channels with market-wide activities, events, and sponsorships. U.S. Cellular focuses its charitable giving strategy on supporting initiatives relevant to consumers in its service areas.  These initiatives include support of programs that focus on education, such as Calling All Teachers, which supports schools and teachers in the communities U.S. Cellular serves.

 

Customer Service.  U.S. Cellular manages customer retention by focusing on outstanding customer service through the development of processes that are customer-friendly, extensive training of frontline sales and support associates and the implementation of retention programs.

 

U.S. Cellular currently operates four regional customer care centers with personnel who are responsible for customer service activities, and a national financial services center with personnel who perform credit and other customer payment activities.  U.S. Cellular also contracts with third parties that provide additional customer care and financial services support.

 

Sales and Distribution Channels.  U.S. Cellular supports a multi-faceted distribution program, including retail sales, direct sales, third-party national retailers, and independent agents, plus a website and telesales.

 

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Company retail store locations are designed to market wireless products and services to the consumer and small business segments in a setting familiar to these types of customers.  As of December 31, 2014, retail sales associates work in approximately 275 U.S. Cellular-operated retail stores and kiosks. Direct sales consultants market wireless services to mid-size business customers. Additionally, the U.S. Cellular website enables customers to activate service and purchase wireless devices online.

 

U.S. Cellular maintains an ongoing training program to improve the effectiveness of retail sales associates and direct sales consultants by focusing their efforts on obtaining customers by facilitating the sale of appropriate packages for the customer’s expected usage and value-added services that meet the individual needs of the customer.

 

U.S. Cellular has relationships with exclusive and non-exclusive agents, which are independent businesses that obtain customers for U.S. Cellular on a commission basis.  At December 31, 2014, U.S. Cellular had contracts with these businesses aggregating over 650 locations.  U.S. Cellular provides additional support and training to its exclusive agents to increase customer satisfaction and to ensure a consistent customer experience.  U.S. Cellular’s agents are generally in the business of selling wireless devices, wireless service packages and other related products.  No single agent accounted for 10% or more of U.S. Cellular’s operating revenues during the past three years.

 

In 2013 and 2014, U.S. Cellular expanded its distribution through third-party national and on-line retailers. As of December 2014, Wal-Mart, Sam’s Club, RadioShack and Dollar General now offer U.S. Cellular products and services at select retail locations in U.S. Cellular’s service areas. Further, Amazon offers U.S. Cellular’s postpaid and prepaid services on-line.  U.S. Cellular continues to explore new relationships with additional third-party retailers as part of its strategy to expand distribution.

 

U.S. Cellular also markets wireless service through resellers.  The resale business involves the sale of wholesale access and minutes to independent companies that package and resell wireless services to end-users.  These resellers generally provide prepaid and postpaid services to subscribers under their own brand names and also provide their own billing and customer service.  U.S. Cellular incurs no direct subscriber acquisition costs related to reseller customers.  At December 31, 2014, U.S. Cellular had approximately 114,000 customers of resellers.  For the year ended December 31, 2014, revenues from resale business were less than 1% of total service revenues.

 

Seasonality.  There is seasonality in operating expenses, which tend to be higher in the fourth quarter than in the other quarters due to increased marketing and promotional activities during the holiday season, which may cause operating income to vary from quarter to quarter.

 

Competition

 

The wireless telecommunication industry is highly competitive.  U.S. Cellular competes directly with several wireless service providers in each of its markets. In general, there are between two and four competitors in each wireless market in which U.S. Cellular provides service, excluding resellers and mobile virtual network operators. In its footprint, U.S. Cellular competes to varying degrees against each of the national wireless companies: Verizon Wireless, AT&T Mobility, Sprint, and to a much lesser extent, T-Mobile USA, in addition to a few smaller regional carriers in specific pockets of its footprint.  Verizon is U.S. Cellular’s largest competitor, in terms of both customer acquisition opportunities and customer defection risk in the majority of its markets. However, all of the national competitors have substantially greater financial, technical, marketing, sales, purchasing and distribution resources than U.S. Cellular. Additionally, U.S. Cellular competes with other companies that use alternative communication technology and services to provide similar products and services.   

 

Since each of these wireless competitors operates on systems using spectrum licensed by the FCC and has comparable technology and facilities, competition among wireless service providers for customers is principally on the basis of types of products and services, price, size of area covered, call quality, network speed and responsiveness of customer service.  U.S. Cellular employs a customer satisfaction strategy that includes maintaining an outstanding wireless network throughout its markets.  U.S. Cellular owns and operates low-band spectrum (less than 1 GHz) that covers the majority of its footprint and enables more efficient, superior coverage in rural areas (compared to spectrum above 1 GHz), which strengthens its network quality positioning.

 

The use of national advertising and promotional programs by the top four wireless service providers may be a source of additional competitive and pricing pressures in all U.S. Cellular markets, even if those operators do not provide direct service in a particular market.  Over the past year in particular, competition among top carriers has become even more aggressive, with the top four carriers engaging in rich promotional initiatives including contract buyouts and limited-time and permanent price reductions fueled by the rise of equipment installment plans.  In addition, in the current wireless environment, U.S. Cellular’s ability to compete depends on its ability to continue to offer national voice and data plans. U.S. Cellular provides wireless services comparable to the national competitors, but the national wireless companies operate in a wider geographic area and are able to offer no- or low-cost roaming over a wider area on their own networks than U.S. Cellular can offer on its network.  Although U.S. Cellular offers the same coverage area as these competitors, U.S. Cellular incurs roaming charges for data sessions and calls made in portions of the coverage area which are not part of its network, thereby increasing its cost of operations. U.S. Cellular depends on roaming agreements with other wireless

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carriers to provide voice and data roaming capabilities in areas not covered by U.S. Cellular’s network. Similarly, U.S. Cellular provides roaming services on its network to other wireless carriers’ customers who travel within U.S. Cellular’s coverage areas.

 

Convergence of connectivity is taking place on many levels, including dual-mode wireless devices that act as wireline or wireless devices depending on location and the incorporation of wireless “hot spot” technology in wireless devices making internet access seamless regardless of location.  Although less directly a substitute for other wireless services, wireless data services such as Wi-Fi may be adequate for those who do not need mobile wide-area roaming or full two-way voice services.  Technological advances or regulatory changes in the future, such as the rollout and consumer adoption of Wi-Fi calling and Voice over Long Term Evolution (“VoLTE”) capabilities, may make available other alternatives to wireless service, thereby creating additional sources of competition that shift consumers’ perceptions and preferences of network strength, speed and reliability.

 

U.S. Cellular’s approach in 2015 and in future years will be to focus on the unique needs and attitudes towards wireless service of its selected target segments.  U.S. Cellular will deliver selected, targeted high quality products and services at competitive prices and will continue to differentiate itself by seeking to provide an overall outstanding customer experience, including a high quality network. U.S. Cellular’s customer-centric approach, highly reliable network and outstanding customer service, as evidenced by numerous consumer satisfaction awards based on survey results, illustrate how U.S. Cellular seeks to differentiate itself from competitors. U.S. Cellular’s ability to compete successfully in the future, and to meet growth and return on capital objectives, will depend upon its ability to anticipate and respond to changes related to new service offerings, consumer preferences, competitors’ pricing strategies, technology, demographic trends, economic conditions and its access to adequate spectrum resources.

 

System Usage

 

U.S. Cellular’s main sources of revenues are from its own customers and from customers of competitors who roam on its network. The interoperability of wireless service enables a customer who is in a wireless service area other than the customer’s home service area to place or receive a call or use data in that service area.  U.S. Cellular has entered into reciprocal roaming agreements with operators of other wireless systems covering virtually all systems with Code Division Multiple Access (“CDMA”) technology in the United States, Canada and Mexico.  Roaming agreements offer customers the opportunity to roam on these systems.  These reciprocal agreements automatically pre-register the customers of U.S. Cellular’s systems in the other carriers’ systems.  In addition, a customer of a participating system roaming in a U.S. Cellular market where this arrangement is in effect is able to make and receive calls or data on U.S. Cellular’s system.  The charge for this service is negotiated as part of the roaming agreement between U.S. Cellular and the roaming customer’s carrier. U.S. Cellular bills this charge to the customer’s home carrier, which then may bill the customer.  In many instances, based on competitive factors, carriers, including U.S. Cellular, may not charge their customers, or charge lower amounts to their customers than the amounts actually charged by other wireless carriers for roaming. Since 2010, U.S. Cellular has offered nationwide 3G data roaming services, allowing its customers to access high-speed data across the country.

 

U.S. Cellular currently is exploring 4G LTE roaming agreements with operators of other wireless systems. The FCC’s adoption of mandatory 4G LTE roaming rules, which were upheld by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia, may be of assistance in the negotiation of 4G LTE roaming agreements with other wireless operators in the future. However, technological challenges currently exist which can limit the interoperability of 4G LTE wireless devices on other carriers’ networks. Specifically, wireless devices support certain configurations of spectrum frequencies and as a result 4G LTE wireless devices offered by carriers are not necessarily compatible with the networks of other carriers. U.S. Cellular is working with other carriers, original equipment manufacturers and potential LTE roaming vendors to mitigate interoperability issues.  U.S. Cellular has been ready to support inbound and outbound LTE roaming with certain carriers who have compatible networks and devices since the second half of 2014. 

 

In 2015, U.S. Cellular expects to begin user trials of its Voice over LTE (“VoLTE”) service in selected operating markets.  VoLTE will allow customers to utilize U.S. Cellular’s LTE network for voice and data services.  See also Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K, Annual Report section “Regulatory Matters”.

 

Technology and System Design and Construction

 

Technology.  Wireless telecommunication systems transmit voice, data, graphics and video through the transmission of signals over networks of radio towers using radio spectrum licensed by the FCC.  Access to local, regional, national and worldwide telecommunications networks is provided through system interconnections.  A high-quality network, supported by continued investments in that network, will remain an important factor for wireless companies to remain competitive.

 

U.S. Cellular has deployed 4G LTE technology in conjunction with King Street Wireless L.P. that covered approximately 94% of its postpaid customers as of December 31, 2014, and anticipates further expansion of 4G LTE coverage, as well as VoLTE user trials, in 2015.  U.S. Cellular continues to offer services based on 3G technology and CDMA digital technology across its networks.

 

Through roaming agreements with other CDMA-based wireless carriers, U.S. Cellular’s customers may access CDMA service in virtually all areas of the United States, as well as parts of Canada and Mexico.  Another digital technology, Global System for Mobile

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Communication (“GSM”), has a larger installed base of customers worldwide. Since CDMA technology currently is not compatible with GSM technology, U.S. Cellular customers with CDMA-only based wireless devices currently are not able to use their wireless devices when traveling through areas serviced only by GSM-based networks. However, both CDMA and GSM technologies are being succeeded by 4G LTE technology.

 

System Design and Construction.  U.S. Cellular designs and constructs its systems in a manner it believes will permit it to provide high-quality service to substantially all types of compatible wireless devices.  Designs are based on engineering studies which relate to specific markets, in support of the larger network.  Such engineering studies are performed by U.S. Cellular personnel or third-party engineering firms.  Network reliability is given careful consideration and extensive backup redundancy is employed in many aspects of U.S. Cellular’s network design.  Route diversity, redundant equipment, ring topology and extensive use of emergency standby power also are used to enhance network reliability and minimize service disruption from any particular network element failure.

 

In accordance with its strategy of building and strengthening its operating market areas, U.S. Cellular has selected high-capacity, carrier-class digital wireless switching systems that are capable of serving multiple markets through a single mobile telephone switching office.  Centralized equipment, used for network and data management, is located in high-availability facilities supported by multiple levels of power and network redundancy. U.S. Cellular’s systems are designed to incorporate Internet Protocol (“IP”) packet-based Ethernet technology, which allows for increased data capacity and a more efficient network. Interconnection between the mobile telephone switching office and the cell sites utilizes Ethernet technology for nearly all 4G LTE sites, over fiber or microwave links.

 

U.S. Cellular believes that currently available technologies and appropriate capital additions will allow sufficient capacity on its networks to meet anticipated demand for voice and data services over the next few years. U.S. Cellular’s continued investment in new licenses will support future demand for fourth generation broadband services using 4G LTE. Increasing demand for high-speed data and video services may require the acquisition of additional spectrum licenses to provide sufficient capacity and throughput.

 

Construction of wireless systems is capital-intensive, requiring substantial investment for land and improvements, buildings, towers, mobile telephone switching offices, cell site equipment, transport equipment, engineering and installation.  U.S. Cellular primarily uses its own personnel to engineer each wireless system it owns and operates, and engages contractors to construct the facilities.

 

The costs (inclusive of the costs to acquire licenses) to develop the systems which U.S. Cellular operates have historically been financed primarily through proceeds from debt and equity offerings, with cash generated by operations, and proceeds from the sales of wireless interests and other non-strategic assets.

 

Business Development Strategy

 

U.S. Cellular groups its individual markets (geographic service areas as defined by the FCC in which wireless carriers are licensed, for fixed terms, to provide service) into broader geographic market areas to offer customers large service areas that primarily utilize U.S. Cellular’s network.  U.S. Cellular’s ownership interests in wireless licenses include both consolidated and investment interests in licenses covering portions of 30 states and a total population of 50.9 million at December 31, 2014.

 

U.S. Cellular’s business development strategy is to obtain interests in and access to wireless licenses in its current operating markets and in areas that are adjacent to or in close proximity to its other wireless licenses, thereby building contiguous operating market areas with strong spectrum positions.  U.S. Cellular believes that the acquisition of additional licenses within its current operating markets will enhance its network capacity to meet its customers’ increased demand for data services.  U.S. Cellular anticipates that grouping its operations into market areas will continue to provide it with certain economies in its capital and operating costs.  U.S. Cellular may continue to make opportunistic acquisitions or exchanges that further strengthen its current operating markets or in other attractive markets.  U.S. Cellular seeks to acquire noncontrolling interests in licenses in which it already owns the majority interest and/or operates the license.  From time to time, U.S. Cellular has divested outright or included in exchanges for other wireless interests certain consolidated and investment interests that were considered less essential to its current and expected future operations.  As part of its business development strategy, U.S. Cellular from time to time may be engaged in negotiations relating to the acquisition, exchange or disposition of companies, strategic properties or wireless spectrum.  See Note 6 — Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges and Note 8 — Investments in Unconsolidated Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of significant acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges in the years 2012 through 2014. 

 

From time to time, the FCC conducts auctions through which additional spectrum is made available for the provision of wireless services.  U.S. Cellular may participate as a bidder, or member of a bidding group, in future auctions, such as the FCC’s upcoming auction of 600MHz broadcast television spectrum expected to occur in 2016. In general, U.S. Cellular may not disclose any such participation unless it or such bidding group is announced as a winning bidder by the FCC. 

 

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U.S. Cellular has participated in certain prior FCC auctions indirectly through its limited partnership interests.  Each entity qualified as a “designated entity” and thereby was eligible for bidding credits with respect to most licenses purchased in accordance with the rules defined by the FCC for each auction.  In most cases, the bidding credits resulted in a 25% discount from the gross winning bid.

 

In January 2015, the FCC released the results of Auction 97.  U.S. Cellular participated in Auction 97 indirectly through its limited partnership interest in Advantage Spectrum L.P. (“Advantage Spectrum”).  See Note 14 — Variable Interest Entities in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

 

In 2012, the FCC conducted a single round, sealed bid, reverse auction to award Mobility Fund Phase I support to bidders that commit to provide wireless service in areas designated as unserved by the FCC.  U.S. Cellular and several of its subsidiaries were winning bidders in eligible areas within 10 states. See Note 19 —  Supplemental Cash Flow Disclosures in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for additional information.

 

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TDS Telecom Operations

 

General

  

TDS Telecom provides wireline and cable broadband, video and voice services to approximately 1.2 million connections in 36 states. The overall strategy for the wireline and cable businesses is to own the best pipe in the market in order to capitalize on data growth and the need for higher broadband speeds.  In addition, TDS Telecom provides a wide range of Information Technology (“IT”) services including colocation, dedicated hosting, hosted application management, cloud computing services and planning, engineering, procurement, installation, sales and management of  IT infrastructure hardware solutions.  TDS Telecom operates in three reportable segments: Wireline, Cable and Hosted and Managed Services. 

 

·         TDS Telecom’s wireline strategy is to focus on broadband offerings and be the preferred communications solutions provider in its markets for both residential and commercial customers by developing and delivering high-quality broadband, video and voice products and services that meet or exceed customers’ needs, and to outperform the competition by delivering superior customer service.

·         TDS Telecom’s cable strategy is to expand broadband offerings while leveraging the company’s existing processes, procedures, shared support teams, commercial expertise, and customer service focus.

·         Through its hosted and managed services business, OneNeck IT Solutions, TDS Telecom aims to grow recurring revenues from mid-market businesses by leveraging core competencies in network management, IT, customer service and reliability to take advantage of the growing IT outsourcing marketplace.

 

Business Development Strategy

  

TDS Telecom seeks to grow its operations through the acquisition of businesses that support and complement its product and services growth strategy. As part of this strategy, TDS Telecom may also seek to divest or exchange interests that are not strategic to its long-term success.  See Note 6 Acquisitions, Divestitures and Exchanges in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for a description of significant acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges in the years 2012 through 2014.

 

While management believes that it will be successful in making additional acquisitions, there can be no assurance that TDS or TDS Telecom will be able to negotiate additional acquisitions on terms acceptable to them or that regulatory approvals, where required, will be received.

 

WIRELINE

 

Wireline Operations

 

Wireline operations are located in a mix of rural, small town and suburban markets, with the largest concentrations of its customers in the Upper Midwest and the Southeast. As of December 31, 2014, TDS Telecom operates 111 incumbent local exchange carriers (“ILEC”) in 27 states and provides telecommunications services as a competitive local exchange carrier (“CLEC”) in Illinois, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. Wireline operations provide retail telecommunications services to both residential and commercial customers that reside within its respective service territories.  Wireline also provides services to wholesale customers, who are primarily interexchange carriers (companies that provide long-distance telephone and data services between local exchange areas) that compensate TDS Telecom for the use of its facilities to originate and terminate their voice and data transmissions.

 

Wireline Strategy

  

The Wireline residential customer strategy is to provide broadband, video and voice services through value-added bundling of these services.  The commercial focus is to provide advanced IP-based voice and data services.  Wireline is selectively investing in the continuing transformation of its legacy circuit-switched network to a highly reliable IP-based broadband network to economically deploy advanced technologies and new services. Wireline continues to actively advocate for state and federal regulatory frameworks that enable its operations to grow and invest profitably and continue to meet customer expectations for new and improved services.

  

Wireline believes that its residential and business customers have a strong preference to purchase complementary telecommunications services from a single provider.  Wireline has found that by offering and bundling services in customer-friendly packages, it can build customer loyalty and reduce customer churn.  Wireline offers bundles which include a full array of high-speed data, video and voice services.

  

Wireline’s objective is to be the preferred broadband provider in its ILEC residential markets.  It continues to invest in high-speed data service and as of December 31, 2014, was able to provide this service to 94% of its ILEC physical access lines.  At that date, 63% of the service addresses in its ILEC markets had 10 megabits per second (“Mbps”) or faster service available and 29% of the service addresses in its ILEC markets had 25 Mbps or faster service available.  Where economically feasible, fiber technology is being

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deployed to provide internet speeds of up to 1 gigabit per second.  In selected residential markets, Wireline leads its marketing and promotional strategies with its Internet Protocol Television Service (“IPTV”) under the brand TDSTV.  This interactive video offering is intended to counter intensifying competition for video and broadband services and retain the triple play customer bundles.  In markets where IPTV is not offered, TDS Telecom has partnered with a satellite TV provider to allow for double and triple play bundling.

  

Wireline’s residential customer strategy within its CLEC markets is to provide continuing service to its current residential customer base with high quality customer service and competitive pricing, but not to seek any new residential customers due to their high acquisition costs and due to regulatory changes which have increased network cost and limited network availability.  Therefore, it is expected that the number of residential customers within the CLEC markets will continue to decline.  There are 15,200 CLEC residential connections remaining at December 31, 2014.

  

Wireline has continued to expand its presence in the business broadband market with hosted-managedIP telephony, high-speed symmetrical dedicated broadband and point-to-point Ethernet services.  ManagedIP delivers business customers a converged voice and data communications solution to the desktop.  Point-to-point Ethernet provides customers secure and reliable high-speed data links for two or more locations over TDS Telecom’s internal network, not the public Internet.  The strategy includes leveraging products such as managedIP and hosted and managed services to all of Wireline’s commercial customers, differentiating both on service excellence and a superior product portfolio.

  

Wireline focuses its commercial marketing on information-intensive industries such as financial services, health services, real estate, hotels and motels, retail, education and government.  Wireline uses its direct sales force, agents, digital marketing, targeted mailings, and telemarketing to sell products and services to commercial markets, which are segmented into tiers based on size (in terms of connections and revenues) and strategic importance.  Different sales and distribution channels are used to target each segment.

 

Wireline Products, Services and Revenue Sources

 

Wireline operations generate revenues by providing the following products and services to commercial and residential customers and carriers:

 

·         Broadband services, including fiber-based and digital and other premium and enhanced data services;

 

·         IPTV and satellite video;

 

·         Voice services, including local and long-distance telephone service, Voice over Internet Protocol (“VoIP”) and enhanced local services like voice mail, caller ID and call forwarding; and

·         Network access services to interexchange carriers for the origination and termination of interstate and intrastate long distance phone calls on TDS Telecom’s network and special access services to carriers and others.

 

Additional operating data for Wireline operations is incorporated by reference from Results of Operations — TDS Telecom, in TDS’ Annual Report to Shareholders, filed as Exhibit 13 hereto.

 

Residential.  Wireline residential customer operations provide high-speed data products and video services and local and long-distance telephone service.  Video services are offered through either its own IPTV offering or through a resale agreement with a satellite provider.   TDS Telecom extends the range of its services to customers through bundling of broadband, video and voice.

  

Commercial.  Wireline commercial customer operations provide  local and long-distance telephone service, broadband, IP based services, and other services to businesses within its markets that are typically small to medium sized businesses, but may include large corporations.  Wireline operations provide these commercial customers with secure and reliable internet access, data connections and advanced voice service with innovative VoIP features.  Wireline operations address customer needs for increased communications capabilities at reduced costs by matching these needs to new and existing technologies to create greater efficiencies and by providing support for these technologies after the sale.  The Wireline flagship product is managedIP, a fully-hosted software and hardware solution that provides customers with a secure internet connection and the latest VoIP features and capabilities.  ManagedIP is available in markets covering 87% of all commercial customers at December 31, 2014.

  

Wholesale.  Wireline operations continue to provide a high level of service to traditional interexchange carriers.  Wireline’s wholesale market focus is on access revenues, which is the compensation received from the interexchange carriers for carrying long distance and data traffic on TDS Telecom’s networks.  Universal Service Fund (“USF”) revenues, which support the cost of providing telecommunication services in high cost areas, are also included in wholesale service revenues.  In 2014, TDS Telecom received $192 million in wholesale revenues which included approximately $82 million received under all the USF programs.  Recent and proposed regulatory changes may affect the amounts of Wireline future wholesale revenues.  See additional information incorporated by

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reference from Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K, Annual Report section “Regulatory Matters” and in Risk Factors.

 

Wireline Technology and System Design

  

Wireline operates an integrated, highly-reliable network that consists of central office host and remote sites, primarily equipped with digital and IP switches.  Fiber optic and copper cable connect the host central offices with remote switches and ultimately with end customers.  Wireline continues to upgrade and expand its telecommunications network to respond to the needs of its customers for greater bandwidth and advanced technologies. The network is transitioning from its legacy circuit-switched network to a highly reliable IP-based broadband network to facilitate the integration of broadband, video and voice services.  Wireline has pursued a plan to deploy fiber technology, which enables significantly greater broadband speeds to selected residential subdivisions and to commercial customers, when the investment is economically justified. 

  

Wireline has developed and deployed an inter-regional data routing infrastructure using leased fiber capacity which allows it to reach over 85% of its physical access lines with its multi-gigabyte core network.  This configuration along with the continued development of an IP network that interconnects substantially all the existing service territories allows for next generation IP service offerings; namely, IPTV, managedIP, residential VoIP and least-cost routing as well as comprehensive IP policy management.

  

Wireline is also standardizing equipment and processes to increase efficiency in maintaining its network.  Wireline utilizes centralized monitoring and management of its network to reduce costs and improve service reliability.  Network standardization has supported TDS Telecom in operating its 24-hours-a-day / 7-days-per-week Network Management Center, which continuously monitors the network in an effort to proactively identify and correct network faults prior to any customer impact.  In addition, TDS Telecom anticipates reducing costs through the sharing of best practices across operations, centralization or standardization of functions and processes, and deployment of technologies and systems that provide for greater efficiencies and profitability.

 

Wireline Competition

  

The competitive environment in the telecommunications industry has changed significantly as a result of technological advances, customer expectations and changes to regulation.  Wireline continues to seek to develop and maintain an efficient cost structure to ensure that it can compete with price-based initiatives from competitors.  Wireline is faced with significant challenges, including competition from cable, VoIP, wireless and other wireline providers as well as decreases in intercarrier compensation received for the use of TDS Telecom’s networks.  These challenges could have a material adverse effect on the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of TDS Telecom.

  

Wireline has experienced physical access line losses and access minute declines due to competition from wireless carriers offering local and nationwide voice and data plans, from cable providers offering voice and data services via cable modems, and from other VoIP providers.

 

Cable companies have developed technological improvements that have allowed them to extend their competitive operations beyond major markets and have enabled them to provide a broader range of voice and data services over their cable networks.  Cable companies have aggressively pursued the bundling of voice communications, data and video at discounted prices to attract customers from traditional telephone companies.  In addition, cable companies continue to add value to their internet offerings by increasing speeds at no cost to the customer.  Wireline estimates that 71% of its ILEC access lines face active competition from cable providers at December 31, 2014.   Cable companies are increasingly targeting both residential and commercial customers.

  

Wireless telephone service providers offering feature-rich wireless devices and improved network quality constitute a significant source of competition.  A growing segment of customers have chosen to completely forego the use of traditional wireline telephone service and instead rely solely on wireless service for voice communications services.  This trend is more pronounced among residential customers, which comprise approximately 62% of Wireline connections as of December 31, 2014. Some small businesses have followed the residential path by choosing wireless service and disconnecting wireline service. 

  

VoIP technology also has improved and has led cable, internet and other communications companies to substantially increase their offerings of VoIP service to commercial and residential customers.  VoIP providers route calls partially or wholly over the Internet, without the use of ILEC circuit switches and, in the case of cable operators and CLECs, without the use of ILEC networks to carry their communications traffic.  VoIP providers frequently use existing internet networks to deliver flat-rate, unlimited nationwide calling plans.  These plans are generally priced below the prices currently charged for traditional ILEC local and long-distance telephone services.

  

While TDS Telecom positions itself as a high-quality telecommunications provider, it is experiencing competition from Regional Bell Operating Companies (“RBOCs”) in areas where TDS Telecom competes as a CLEC, other CLECs, cable providers, wireless carriers, VoIP providers and fiber overbuilders as it seeks to gain and retain customers.  In addition, the RBOCs are continuing to implement technological changes that could impede TDS Telecom’s access to facilities used to provide CLEC telecommunications services.  To

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mitigate this risk TDS Telecom has implemented and is working on other forms of last mile access alternatives to deliver services.

 

CABLE

 

Cable Operations

 

TDS Telecom entered the cable business (“Cable”) with the acquisition of Baja Broadband (“Baja”) on August 1, 2013.  Baja operates cable systems in markets primarily in Colorado, New Mexico, Texas, and Utah.  Subsequently, on September 1, 2014, TDS acquired substantially all of the assets of a group of companies operating as BendBroadband, (“Bend”), headquartered in Bend, Oregon.  As part of the agreement, TDS also acquired a Tier III data center providing colocation and managed services and a cable advertising and broadcast business.  The operations of the data center are included in the HMS segment.  The operations of the cable and the advertising and broadcast businesses are included in the Cable segment.  At December 31, 2014, Cable provides service to 267,300 total broadband, video and voice connections.

 

Cable Strategy

 

Through its Cable operations, TDS Telecom is expanding broadband services while leveraging its core competencies in network management and customer focus. The Cable business operates high-quality hybrid fiber and coaxial cable networks capable of delivering advanced high-speed data, video, fiber connectivity and voice services to residential and business customers.  The Cable strategy is to operate in markets with the favorable demographics of a rapidly growing population and diverse business community.  Through investment in plant upgrades, and improvements in programing and customer service levels, the Company intends to grow its revenue base.

 

Cable Products and Services

 

Residential.  Cable offers advanced broadband, video and voice services.  These services are actively bundled at competitive prices to encourage cross-selling within our customer base and to attract new customers.  Approximately 56% of residential customers subscribe to a bundle of services.

 

·         Broadband:  DOCSIS 3.0 technology is deployed to 95% of homes passed which allows Cable to offer up to 100Mbps connection speed.  Access to 24/7 technical support and security features are also provided to broadband customers.

 

·         Video: Provided over a digital, fiber-optic platform customers have access to basic service, premium programming and high-definition television combined with DVR service.

 

·         Voice:  Telephony service uses IP to transport digitized voice signals over the same private network that brings cable television and high-speed data services to customers.  All residential voice service customers have access to direct international calling and can subscribe to various long distance plans.

 

 

Commercial.  Business services are delivered over an advanced digital, fiber-optic platform providing high-speed broadband products, multi-line phone solutions and video.  Cable provides advanced business services, including data networking, Ethernet, hosting, high speed broadband access and VoIP services, to small and medium sized businesses.  Cable’s commercial service team works closely with its customers’ IT managers to develop customized telecommunications solutions and provides rapid implementation capabilities essential to the needs of the individual business.

 

Cable Technology and System Design

  

Cable’s telecommunication systems are designed to transmit data, video and voice services using a broadband hybrid fiber-coaxial network that consists of optical fiber transport from a headend facility to nodes where coaxial cable is then used to reach the customer.  These fiber rich networks offer substantial bandwidth capacity and, through the use of DOCSIS 3.0 technology, enable Cable to offer robust broadband and voice services as well as traditional and two-way video services.  Cable is continuing to connect its markets to the TDS Telecom network backbone to leverage existing internet connectivity, voice services, and support systems enhancing reliability and redundancy aimed at building greater dependability as a service provider.

  

Cable Competition

  

Cable seeks to be the leading provider of broadband and video services in its targeted markets.  From a broadband perspective, Cable will compete against the incumbent local telephone providers, which primarily offer DSL-based services. Cable offers a superior, higher bandwidth data product using its DOCSIS technology.  Video competition is primarily satellite providers, and telephone companies that offer video services and compete for broadband and voice customers.  Other telecommunications providers, including

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Internet-based VoIP providers and wireless providers may compete directly for both residential and commercial voice and data service customers.  Changes in consumer behavior and /or new technologies could cause consumers to reduce or cancel their cable video services and instead seek to obtain video on demand over the internet or through new technologies.  Since cable systems are operated under non-exclusive franchises, competing cable systems may be built in the same area.  Cable intends to avoid markets served by such over-builders or municipalities which have constructed their own cable systems or where other ILEC’s provide fiber to the premise broadband and video service offerings.

 

HOSTED AND MANAGED SERVICES

 

Hosted and Managed Services Operations

 

TDS Telecom’s hosted and managed services (“HMS”) business offers a full suite of IT solutions including cloud and hosting solutions, managed services, enterprise resource planning (“ERP”) application management, professional services, and IT hardware. HMS owns and operates two data centers in Iowa, one each in Minnesota, Wisconsin and Oregon, and operates two data centers in Arizona.  TDS Telecom’s HMS business was developed through multiple strategic acquisitions.  All of the HMS acquisitions and their operations are consolidated under a single, unified brand, OneNeck IT Solutions.  HMS has been organized to leverage the trusted advisor relationships of its solutions provider acquisitions to offer the entire HMS product portfolio to its customers.

 

HMS Strategy

  

The goal of TDS Telecom’s HMS operations is to create, deliver and support a platform of IT products and services tailored for mid-sized business customers.  These businesses typically have not outsourced their IT management and represent a relatively untapped market seeking a highly trusted provider relationship.  By combining a solutions provider’s status as trusted IT advisor with data center assets and an expansive product set, HMS intends to build a growing relationship between the provider and customer. Furthermore, cloud computing presents an opportunity for growth as it is a transformational tool that is changing the way businesses buy computing power and IT services. HMS is positioning itself to grow by building sophisticated sales teams, strong customer service delivery, extensive engineering talent, and deep ties to vendors to partner with customers to reduce their risk profiles and create cost savings.

  

A highly sophisticated sales force is critical to success in the hosted and managed services marketplace.  With the complexity of the sales process and the high level interactions necessary to win customer orders, highly experienced account executives, sales engineers and support staff are needed to gain the trust of customers looking to outsource IT functions. HMS continues to enhance its sales capabilities to be able to deliver products and services in all HMS product categories in all of its markets. 

 

HMS has established a support organization capable of meeting mid-market customer demands for enhanced product offerings.  HMS has put in place an integrated, scalable, service delivery platform intended to exceed the quality commitments made to customers.  HMS is continually improving the efficiency and cost effectiveness of its service delivery model through standardization and automation of functions in an effort to improve profitability while maintaining high customer satisfaction.

 

HMS Products and Services

 

HMS provides IT equipment and solutions to meet its business customers’ needs including cloud computing, colocation, hosted application management, hosted and managed services and planning, engineering, procurement, sales, installation, and management of IT infrastructure hardware solutions. HMS operates fault tolerant, continuously maintainable data center facilities.  Value is provided to its customers through experienced teams that manage mission critical data centers, cloud, and customer infrastructure 24 hours per day 365 days per year. Statement on Standards for Attestation Engagements 16 (“SSAE 16”) reports, which describe the controls in place at HMS’s facilities, provide assurances to customers that their data is secure, available, and meet processing integrity, confidentiality and privacy requirements. Data centers are the foundation for outsourced IT services, which include hosted and managed-services, application management and cloud services.

 

HMS’s portfolio of hosted and managed services covers servers, voice and data networks, Microsoft Exchange environments, storage, and service desk capabilities on equipment located both within HMS data centers and at customer locations.  HMS also has significant expertise in hosted application management, particularly ERP systems from vendors such as Oracle, Microsoft, Infor and SAP.  These systems can be hosted in HMS data centers, on customer premise or on the HMS cloud computing infrastructure.

  

HMS’s cloud offering, branded ReliaCloud, is an Infrastructure as a Service solution designed to run traditional business applications in a secure and compliant operational framework within a cloud environment.  ReliaCloud is a complete, enterprise-class cloud solution that handles scalability and high performance data management for use in public, private, and hybrid cloud configurations. The compliant-capable cloud solution is designed for resource intense applications and databases that require a secure operational framework.

 

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HMS’s solutions provider services include planning, engineering, procurement, sales, installation, and management of IT infrastructure solutions from world-class Original Equipment Manufacturers (“OEMs”). The breadth and depth of technical certifications held by team members have allowed HMS to achieve the highest levels of partner status with Cisco Systems, Hewlett-Packard Company, EMC, VMware and Microsoft.

 

HMS Customers

  

HMS’s customers span multiple industries including healthcare, financial, manufacturing, retail, and government and are located across the United States.  Regional presences encompass states in the Upper Midwest, Great Plains, Rocky Mountains, Northwest, and Southwest, and are key to establishing the locally-known trusted advisor relationships that middle market companies desire.  HMS primarily targets middle market companies that are between 200 and 2,000 employees in size, but also serves smaller customers with sophisticated IT needs as well as enterprise clients which value the trusted relationships they have built with HMS over time.

  

HMS Competition

  

The IT services market is large and complex, with a diverse array of segments in which performance and market dynamics vary considerably.  As a result of these dynamics, the IT services market is a highly competitive environment.   Market competitors include large diversified telecommunications and technology companies that primarily target Fortune 500 sized companies as well as smaller independent companies that provide services for mid-sized business customers.  HMS has positioned itself to not compete head-to-head with these providers, but rather seeks to fill the gap between large business process outsourcers and fragmented IT service providers.  However, new entrants may emerge and grow rapidly creating additional sources of competition.

 

TDS — Regulation

 

TDS’ operations are subject to federal, state and local regulation.

 

Wireless

 

TDS provides various wireless services, including voice and data services, pursuant to licenses granted by the FCC.  The construction, operation and transfer of wireless systems in the United States are regulated to varying degrees by the FCC pursuant to the Communications Act of 1934, as amended (“Communications Act”).  The FCC currently does not require wireless carriers to comply with a number of statutory provisions otherwise applicable to common carriers that provide, originate or terminate interstate or international telecommunications.  However, the FCC has promulgated regulations governing construction and operation of wireless systems, licensing (including renewal of licenses) and technical standards for the provision of wireless services under the Communications Act.

 

Wireless licenses are granted by the FCC based on various geographic areas.  The completion of acquisitions, involving the transfer of control of all or a portion of a wireless system requires prior FCC approval.  The FCC determines on a case-by-case basis whether an acquisition of wireless licenses is in the public interest.  Wireless licenses are generally granted for a ten year term or, in some cases, for a fifteen year term.  The FCC has established standards for conducting comparative renewal proceedings between a wireless license holder seeking renewal of its license and challengers filing competing applications.  All of U.S. Cellular’s licenses for which it applied for renewal between 1995 and 2014 have been renewed.  The FCC is pursuing proceedings to modify the license renewal process.  U.S. Cellular expects to meet the criteria of any license renewal process.

 

As part of its data services, U.S. Cellular provides internet access.  As described more fully in Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K under “Regulatory Matters – FCC Net Neutrality Proposal,” there are developments and proposals that may result in greater regulation of wireless data services relating to internet access.

 

Although the Communications Act generally pre-empts state and local governments from regulating the entry of, or the rates charged by, wireless carriers, certain state and local governments regulate other terms and conditions of wireless services, including billing, termination of service arrangements, imposition of early termination fees, advertising, network outages, the use of handsets while driving, zoning and land use.  Further, the Federal Aviation Administration also regulates the siting, lighting and construction of transmitter towers and antennae.

 

Wireline

 

The FCC generally exercises jurisdiction over all facilities of, and services offered by, TDS Telecom’s ILECs as telecommunications common carriers, to the extent they provide, originate or terminate interstate or international telecommunications.  State public utility commissions generally exercise jurisdiction over intrastate telecommunications facilities and services.

 

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The Communications Act requires, among other things, that communications common carriers offer interstate services when requested at just and reasonable rates at terms and conditions that are non-discriminatory.  Maximum rates for regulated interstate services are prescribed by the FCC, and local rates paid by end user customers and intrastate access charges paid by carriers continue to be subject to state commission approval in many states.

 

TDS Telecom’s CLEC operations are subject to similar but reduced regulation compared to ILECs.

 

In addition to traditional circuit-switched voice service that is fully regulated as a telecommunications common carrier service, TDS Telecom also provides VoIP, which is currently subject to less regulation.

 

In addition to traditional voice communications and VoIP, TDS Telecom also offers broadband services, including internet access.  As described more fully in Exhibit 13 to this form 10-K under “Regulatory Matters – FCC Net Neutrality Proposal,” there are developments and proposals that may result in greater regulation of such services.

 

Cable

 

As a cable multiple systems operator (“MSO”), Cable is subject to regulation by the FCC, covering matters such as technical operations, administrative requirements, consumer protection, access by people with disabilities and content.  The operation of cable systems requires the MSO to obtain franchises from state or local governmental authorities to occupy public rights of way with network facilities.  These franchises typically are nonexclusive and limited in time, contain various conditions and limitations, and provide for the payment of fees to the local authority, determined generally as a standard percentage of gross revenues.

 

TDS’ Cable operations also provide VoIP and other broadband services, including internet access.  The VoIP and internet regulatory matters and issues described above under “Wireline” are substantially similar for cable providers, including proposals that may result in greater regulation of broadband internet services.

 

HMS

 

HMS is subject to varying degrees of regulation in each of the jurisdictions in which it operates. Federal, state and local laws and regulations, and their interpretation and enforcement may be applicable and may differ significantly among those jurisdictions. These regulations and laws may cover taxation, privacy, data protection, copyrights and other intellectual property, electronic communications and regulations applicable to electronic products and services.

 

Additional information relating to TDS’ regulatory environment is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K, Annual Report section “Regulatory Matters” and in Risk Factors.

 

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TDS—Other Items

 

Debt Securities

 

The following securities trade on the NYSE: TDS’ 6.625% Senior Notes due 2045 trade under the symbol “TDI,” TDS’ 6.875% Senior Notes due 2059 trade under the symbol “TDE,” TDS’ 7.0% Senior Notes due 2060 trade under the symbol “TDJ” and TDS’ 5.875% Senior Notes due 2061 trade under the symbol “TDA.”  U.S. Cellular’s 6.95% Senior Notes due 2060 trade under the symbol “UZA.” U.S. Cellular’s 7.25% Senior Notes due 2063 trade under the symbol “UZB.” U.S. Cellular’s 6.7% Senior Notes due 2033 are traded over the counter and are not listed on any stock exchange.

 

Employees

 

TDS had approximately 10,600 full-time and part-time employees as of December 31, 2014, less than 1% of whom were represented by labor organizations.  TDS considers its relationship with its employees to be good.

 

Location and Company Information

 

TDS’ website is http://www.tdsinc.com.  TDS files with, or furnishes to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, as well as various other information.  Anyone may access, free of charge, through the Investor Relations portion of the website, the TDS annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments to such reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as reasonably practical after such material is electronically filed with the SEC.  The public may read and copy any materials TDS files with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington D.C. 20549.  The public may obtain information on the operation of the Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-732-0330.  The public may also view electronic filings of TDS by accessing SEC filings at http://www.sec.gov.

 

U.S. Cellular’s website address is http://www.uscellular.com.  U.S. Cellular files with, or furnishes to, the SEC annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, as well as various other information.  Investors may access, free of charge, through the Investor Relations portion of the website, U.S. Cellular’s annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to such reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act as soon as reasonably practical after such material is filed electronically with the SEC.  The public may read and copy any materials U.S. Cellular files with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington D.C. 20549.  The public may obtain information on the operation of the Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-732-0330.  The public may also view electronic filings of U.S. Cellular by accessing SEC filings at http://www.sec.gov.

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Item 1A.  Risk Factors

 

PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995

SAFE HARBOR CAUTIONARY STATEMENT

 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K, including exhibits, contains statements that are not based on historical facts and represent forward-looking statements, as this term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  All statements, other than statements of historical facts, that address activities, events or developments that TDS intends, expects, projects, believes, estimates, plans or anticipates will or may occur in the future are forward-looking statements.  The words “believes,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “expects,” “plans,” “intends,” “projects” and similar expressions are intended to identify these forward-looking statements, but are not the exclusive means of identifying them.  Such forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause actual results, events or developments to be significantly different from any future results, events or developments expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements.  Such risks, uncertainties and other factors include those set forth below under “Risk Factors” in this Form 10-K.  Each of the following risks could have a material adverse effect on TDS; however, such factors are not necessarily all of the important factors that could cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied by, the forward-looking statements contained in this document.  Other unknown or unpredictable factors also could have material adverse effects on future results, performance or achievements.  TDS undertakes no obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.  You should carefully consider the following risk factors and other information contained in, or incorporated by reference into, this Form 10-K to understand the material risks relating to TDS’ business.

 

RISK FACTORS

 

1)       Intense competition in the markets in which TDS operates could adversely affect TDS’ revenues or increase its costs to compete.

 

Competition in the telecommunications industry is currently intense and could intensify further in the future due to the general effects of the economy, as well as due to multiple wireless industry factors such as increasing market penetration, decreasing customer churn rates, introduction of new products, new competitors and changing prices.  There is competition in handsets and other devices; network quality, coverage, speed and technologies; distribution; pricing; and other categories.  TDS’ ability to compete effectively will depend, in part, on its ability to anticipate and respond to various competitive factors affecting the telecommunications industry.  TDS anticipates that, in the future, competition may cause the prices for products and services to continue to decline and the costs to compete to increase.  Most of TDS’ competitors are national or global telecommunications companies that are larger than TDS, possess greater resources, possess more extensive coverage areas and more spectrum within their coverage areas, and market other services with their communications services that TDS does not offer.  In addition, TDS may face competition from technologies that may be introduced in the future or from new entrants into the industry.  New technologies, services and products that are more commercially effective than the technologies, services and products offered by TDS may be developed.  Further, new technologies may be proprietary such that TDS is not able to adopt such technologies.  There can be no assurance that TDS will be able to compete successfully in this environment. 

 

Sources of competition to TDS’ wireless business typically include two to four competing wireless telecommunications service providers in each market, wireline telecommunications service providers, cable companies, resellers (including mobile virtual network operators), and providers of other alternate telecommunications services.  Many of TDS’ wireless competitors and other competitors have substantially greater financial, technical, marketing, sales, purchasing and distribution resources than TDS.

 

TDS’ competitors offer a wide array of wireless service offerings and wireless devices.  There is increasing complexity associated with these wireless product and service offerings and the related pricing.  Further, new wireless services and products and pricing structures are frequently introduced.  Multiple events related to new services, products and pricing offered by TDS’ competitors occurring simultaneously or in close proximity may impact TDS’ ability to respond to such events and compete effectively.

 

Sources of competition to TDS’ Wireline business include, but are not limited to, resellers of local exchange services, interexchange carriers, Regional Bell Operating Companies (“RBOCs”), satellite transmission service providers, wireless communications providers, cable companies, competitive access service providers, competitive local exchange carriers, Voice over Internet Protocol (“VoIP”) providers and providers using other emerging technologies.  The Wireline CLEC business sources of competition include the sources identified above as well as the ILEC in each market, which enjoys competitive advantages, including its wireline connection to virtually all of the customers and potential customers of Wireline’s CLEC business, its established brand name and its substantial financial resources.  Wireline’s CLEC business is typically required to discount services to win potential customers.  In the future, TDS expects the number of its physical access lines served to continue to be adversely affected by wireless and broadband substitution and by cable company competition.

 

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Some of the specific risks presented by certain Wireline competitors include:

 

·         Cable companies – continued deployment of technologies such as DOCSIS 3.0 and their further evolution that substantially increase data transfer speeds, and offering these speeds to customers at relatively low prices, including speed upgrades for no additional charge.

·         Wireless – the trend of customers “substituting” their wireline connection with a wireless device.

·         RBOCs – continue to be formidable competitors given their full suite of services, experience and strong financial resources.

·         VoIP providers – are able to offer voice service at a very low price point.

·         Fiber overbuilders – municipalities or other providers offering the same or higher data speeds at similar or lower price points.

 

TDS’ Cable business also provides high-speed internet and digital voice services, as well as cable television service. With respect to internet and voice services, Cable’s business faces sources of competition similar to the Wireline business.  With respect to cable television service, cable operators compete against broadcast television, direct broadcast satellite providers, on-line video services and may compete against wireline providers which have begun to upgrade their networks to provide video services in addition to voice and high-speed internet access services.  As a result, the cable business is highly competitive.

 

Sources of competition for HMS’s business primarily include large diversified telecommunications and technology companies, as well as smaller independent companies that focus on mid-market companies.  In addition, new entrants may emerge and grow rapidly creating additional sources of competition or companies may begin insourcing IT services.  The IT services market is large and complex, with a diverse array of segments in which performance and market dynamics vary considerably.  As a result of these dynamics the IT services market is a highly competitive environment.  Therefore, the HMS business is increasingly required to assume greater potential contractual risk obligations, such as risks relating to the consequences of data breaches or unauthorized disclosure of confidential customer information, in order to win new customer engagements.  In the event of such incidents, the HMS business could be materially adversely effected.

 

If TDS does not adapt to compete effectively in such a highly competitive environment, such competitive factors could result in product, service, pricing or cost disadvantages and could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

2)       A failure by TDS to successfully execute its business strategy (including planned acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges) or allocate resources or capital could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

U.S. Cellular is a regional wireless carrier that operates on a customer satisfaction strategy, seeking to meet customer needs by providing a comprehensive range of wireless products and services, excellent customer support, and a high-quality network.  U.S. Cellular seeks to operate controlling interests in wireless licenses in areas adjacent to or in proximity to its other wireless licenses, thereby building contiguous operating market areas.  U.S. Cellular relies on roaming agreements with other carriers to provide roaming capability to its customers in areas of the U.S. outside its service areas and to improve coverage within selected areas of U.S. Cellular’s network footprint.  U.S. Cellular pursues a product and technology strategy which requires it to recognize product and technology advances and quickly adopt and execute rollouts of such advances.  This strategy requires U.S. Cellular to make timely and effective strategic decisions related to technological advances and related products and services, and which of these technological advances to adopt and roll out to its customers.

 

Further, U.S. Cellular’s strategic decisions related to the adoption of new technologies are ultimately impacted by such factors as consumer preferences for technologies and the related services and products, and original equipment manufacturer (“OEM”) and standard bodies support of such technologies, including Long-Term Evolution (“LTE”) and VoLTE, among other factors.  If U.S. Cellular’s competitors adopt new technologies faster than U.S. Cellular, then consumers who are eager to adopt new technologies more quickly may select U.S. Cellular’s competitors rather than U.S. Cellular as their service provider.  These customers who are early adopters of new technologies are often customers who generate higher average revenue per unit (“ARPU”), and to the extent that U.S. Cellular does not attract these types of customers, U.S. Cellular could be at a competitive disadvantage and have a customer base that generates lower overall ARPU relative to its competition.

 

Wireline’s business seeks to be the preferred telecommunications solutions provider in its chosen markets for both residential and commercial customers by developing and delivering high-quality products that meet or exceed customers’ needs and to outperform the competition by maintaining superior customer service.  Wireline’s residential customer strategy is to provide broadband, video and voice services through value-added bundling of products and services.  The commercial focus is to provide advanced IP-based voice and data services.  Wireline is selectively investing in the continuing transformation of its legacy circuit-switched network to a highly reliable IP-based broadband network to economically deploy advanced technologies and new services.  Wireline continues to actively advocate for state and federal regulatory frameworks that enable its operations to grow and invest profitably and continue to meet customer expectations for new and improved services.

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Cable’s business provides broadband, video and voice services.  Although similar to Wireline, the strategies for Cable involve different technical, regulatory, business and other factors and TDS has limited experience in operating cable companies.  In particular, Cable’s business has significant costs and risks relating to programming and retransmission.  Such costs have been increasing and Cable’s business may not be able to fully pass these costs on to customers.  In addition, Cable’s business is limited in its ability to obtain programming at favorable costs and terms due to its small scale.  Also, Cable’s business may be affected by a wide range of regulatory or other issues, including matters pertaining to set-top boxes, equipment connectivity, content regulation, closed captioning, pole attachments, privacy, copyright, technical standards, and municipal entry into video and broadband.  Further, changes in consumer behavior and/or new technologies could cause consumers to reduce or cancel their cable video services and instead seek to obtain video on demand over the internet or through new technologies.  Cable’s business development strategy also includes evaluating opportunities for possible further acquisitions of desirable cable companies on attractive terms to increase the scale of Cable’s business.  There can be no assurance that TDS will be successful in its Cable business strategy.

 

HMS’s business development strategy is to increase its presence in the IT infrastructure and application outsourcing and solution provider market through organic growth, expansion or acquisition.  HMS’s service platform with coverage across all of its product categories provides the potential for expansion of current products and services to additional markets in or near HMS’s current footprint. HMS may continue to make opportunistic acquisitions of companies that further strengthen its operating market areas and enter additional attractive markets.

 

The successful execution of strategies, the optimal allocation within TDS’ portfolio of assets and optimal capital allocation decisions depend on various internal and external factors, many of which are not in TDS’ control.  TDS’ ability to implement and execute its business strategies and optimally allocate its assets and capital and, as a result, achieve desired financial results, could be affected by such factors.  Such factors include pricing practices by competitors, relative scale, purchasing power, roaming and other strategic agreements, wireless device availability, timing of introduction of wireless devices and other factors.  In addition, there is no assurance that U.S. Cellular’s or TDS Telecom’s strategies will be successful.  Even if TDS executes its business strategies as intended, such strategies may not be successful in the long term to profitably sustain growth in revenues or otherwise. 

 

A failure by TDS to execute its business strategies successfully or to allocate resources or capital optimally could have an adverse effect on TDS’ businesses, financial condition or results of operations.

 

3)       TDS offers customers the option to purchase certain devices under installment contracts, which creates certain risks and uncertainties which could have an adverse impact on TDS' financial condition or results of operations.

 

Beginning in the second quarter of 2014, U.S. Cellular expanded its offerings of equipment installment plans.  Such plans offer customers the option to purchase certain devices under installment contracts over a period of up to 24 months.  TDS expects that sales of devices under these plans, when compared to sales of devices made under the traditional subsidy model, will reduce retail service revenue and ARPU but increase equipment revenue.  Such plans also are expected to result in lower cash flows from operating activities in the near term.  However, at this time, TDS does not have significant experience in these new plans or a sufficient history to determine how these plans will affect TDS’ business, financial position or results of operations. 

 

Compared to equipment sales made under the traditional subsidy model, these equipment installment plans involve different business risks and accounting considerations.  These plans could adversely impact bad debts expense, marketing expense, customer churn, cash flows, inventory valuation, and other financial results and metrics.

 

4)       Changes in roaming practices or other factors could cause TDS’ roaming revenues to decline from current levels and/or impact TDS’ ability to service its customers in geographic areas where TDS does not have its own network, which could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

TDS’ revenues include roaming revenues related to the use of TDS’ network by other wireless carriers’ customers who travel within TDS’ coverage areas.  Changes in the network footprints of carriers due to mergers, acquisitions or network expansions could have an adverse effect on TDS’ roaming revenues.  For example, consolidation among other carriers which have network footprints that currently overlap TDS’ network could decrease the amount of roaming revenues for TDS. 

 

Similarly, TDS’ wireless customers can access another carrier’s digital system automatically only if the other carrier allows TDS’ customers to roam on its network.  TDS relies on roaming agreements with other carriers to provide roaming capability to its customers in areas of the U.S., Mexico and Canada outside of its service areas and to improve coverage within selected areas of TDS’ network footprint.  Such agreements cover traditional voice services as well as data services.  Although TDS currently has long-term roaming agreements with certain other carriers, these agreements generally are subject to renewal and termination if certain events occur.  FCC rules and orders impose certain requirements on wireless carriers to offer certain roaming arrangements to other carriers. However, carriers frequently disagree on what is required.  Also, at this time, there is no assurance that TDS will be able to enter into agreements to provide roaming services using 4G LTE or other technologies or that it will be able to do so on reasonable or cost

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effective terms.  In addition, see Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K, Annual Report section “Regulatory Matters – FCC Interoperability Order” for further information and developments.

 

Some competitors may be able to obtain lower roaming rates than TDS is able to obtain because they have larger call volumes or may be able to reduce roaming charges by providing service principally over their own networks.  In addition, the quality of service that a wireless carrier delivers during a roaming call may be inferior to the quality of service TDS provides, the price of a roaming call may not be competitive with prices of other wireless carriers for such call, and TDS’ customers may not be able to use some of the advanced features, such as voicemail notification or data applications, that TDS customers enjoy when making calls on TDS’ network.  TDS’ rate of adoption of new technologies, such as those enabling high-speed data services, could affect its ability to enter into or maintain roaming agreements with other carriers.  In addition, TDS’ wireless technology may not be compatible with technologies used by other carriers, which may limit the ability of TDS to enter into voice or data roaming agreements with such other carriers.  TDS’ roaming partners could switch their business to new operators or, over time, to their own networks.  Changes in roaming usage patterns, rates for roaming minutes or data usage or relationships with carriers whose customers generate roaming minutes or data use on TDS’ network could have an adverse effect on TDS’ revenues and revenue growth.

 

To the extent that TDS’ key roaming partners expand their networks in TDS’ service areas, the roaming arrangements between TDS and these key roaming partners could become less strategic for the roaming partners.  That is, these key roaming partners will have fewer or less extensive geographic areas where roaming services are required by their customers and, as a result, the roaming arrangements could become less critical to serving their customer base.  This presents a risk to TDS in that, to the extent TDS is not able to enter into economically viable roaming arrangements with key roaming partners, this could impact TDS’ ability to service its customers in geographic areas where TDS does not have its own network.

 

If TDS’ roaming revenues decline, or if TDS is unable to obtain or maintain roaming agreements with other wireless carriers that contain pricing and other terms that are competitive and acceptable to TDS, and that satisfy TDS’ quality and interoperability requirements, its business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.

 

5)       A failure by TDS to obtain access to adequate radio spectrum to meet current or anticipated future needs and/or to accurately predict future needs for radio spectrum could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

TDS’ wireless business depends on the ability to use portions of the radio spectrum licensed by the FCC.  TDS could fail to obtain access to sufficient spectrum capacity in new or existing critical markets, whether through FCC auctions or other transactions, in order to meet the anticipated spectrum requirements associated with increased demand for existing services, especially increases in customer demand for data services, and to enable deployment of next-generation services.  TDS believes that this increased demand for data services reflects a trend that will continue for the foreseeable future; as such, TDS could fail to accurately forecast its future spectrum requirements considering changes in customer usage patterns, technology requirements and the expanded demands of new services.  Such a failure could have an adverse impact on the quality of TDS’ services or TDS’ ability to roll out such future services in some markets, or could require that TDS curtail existing services in order to make spectrum available for next-generation services.  Spectrum constrained providers could be effectively capped in increasing market share.  As spectrum constrained providers gain customers, they use up their network capacity.  Since they lack spectrum, they can respond to demand only by adding cell sites, which is capital intensive, limited by zoning considerations, and ultimately may not be cost effective.  TDS may acquire access to spectrum through a number of alternatives, including participation in spectrum auctions, partnering on a non-controlling basis with other auction applicants (“Other Applicants”) and other acquisitions and exchanges.  As required by law, the FCC has conducted auctions for licenses to use some parts of the radio spectrum.  The decision to conduct auctions, and the determination of what spectrum frequencies will be made available for auction and the determination of geographic size of licenses, are made by the FCC pursuant to laws that it administers.  The FCC may not be able to allocate spectrum sufficient to meet the demands of all those wishing to obtain licenses for new market entry or to expand their spectrum holdings to meet the expanding demand for data services or to address other spectrum constraints.  Due to factors such as geographic size of licenses and auction bidders that may raise prices beyond acceptable levels, TDS or Other Applicants may not be successful in FCC auctions in obtaining the spectrum that either believes is necessary to implement its business and technology strategies.  In addition, newly auctioned spectrum may not be compatible with existing spectrum, and vendors may not create suitable products to use such spectrum.  Further, access to use spectrum won in FCC auctions may not be available on a timely basis.  Such access is dependent upon the FCC actually granting licenses won in the various auctions, which can be delayed for various reasons.  Furthermore, newly licensed spectrum may not be available for immediate use since the radio operations of incumbent users, including in some cases government agencies, may need to be relocated to other portions of the radio spectrum, and/or the newly licensed spectrum may be subject to sharing and coordination obligations for a period of time.  TDS also may seek to acquire radio spectrum through purchases and exchanges with other spectrum licensees.  However, TDS may not be able to acquire sufficient spectrum through these types of transactions, and TDS may not be able to complete any of these transactions on favorable terms.

 

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6)       To the extent conducted by the Federal Communications Commission (“FCC”), TDS is likely to participate in FCC auctions of additional spectrum in the future as an applicant or as a noncontrolling partner in another auction applicant and, during certain periods, will be subject to the FCC’s anti-collusion rules, which could have an adverse effect on TDS.

 

From time to time, the FCC conducts auctions through which additional spectrum is made available for the provision of wireless services.  TDS has participated in such auctions in the past and is likely to participate in other auctions conducted by the FCC in the future as an applicant or as a non-controlling partner in another auction applicant.  FCC anti-collusion rules place certain restrictions on business communications and disclosures by participants in an FCC auction.  These anti-collusion rules may restrict the normal conduct of TDS’ business and/or disclosures by TDS relating to an FCC auction, which could last three to six months or more.  The restrictions could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

7)       Changes in the regulatory environment or a failure by TDS to timely or fully comply with any applicable regulatory requirements could adversely affect TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

TDS’ operations are subject to varying degrees of regulation by the FCC, state public utility commissions and other federal, state and local regulatory agencies and legislative bodies.  TDS is unable to predict the future actions of the various regulatory bodies that govern TDS, but such actions could have adverse effects on TDS’ business.  New or amended regulatory requirements could increase TDS’ costs and divert resources from other initiatives.

 

Adverse decisions, increased regulation, or changes to existing regulation by regulatory bodies could negatively impact TDS’ operations by, among other things, changing the amount that can be charged for local, intrastate or interstate access rates, increasing TDS’ costs of doing business, permitting greater competition or limiting TDS’ ability to engage in certain sales or marketing activities.  New regulatory mandates or enforcement may require unexpected or changed capital investment, lost revenues, changes in operations or other changes. 

 

Court decisions and rulemakings could have a substantial impact on TDS’ operations, including rulemakings on intercarrier access compensation, state and federal universal service, and treatment of VoIP traffic or unbundled network elements (“UNEs”).  Litigation and different objectives among federal and state regulators could create uncertainty and delay TDS’ ability to respond to new regulations. 

 

TDS attempts to timely and fully comply with all regulatory requirements.  However, this may not be possible due to various factors.  Any failure by TDS to timely or fully comply with any regulatory requirements could adversely affect TDS’ financial condition, results of operations or ability to do business.

 

For additional information about TDS’ regulatory environment, including the potential risk to a reduction in the current level of TDS’ revenues as an Eligible Telecommunications Carrier, see “TDS — Regulation” in this Form 10-K and Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K, Annual Report section “Regulatory Matters”.

 

8)       An inability to attract people of outstanding potential, to develop their potential through education and assignments, and to retain them by keeping them engaged, challenged and properly rewarded could have an adverse effect on TDS' business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

TDS’ businesses are highly technical and competition for skilled talent in the telecommunications and IT services industries is aggressive.  Due to competition for qualified management, technical, sales and other personnel, there can be no assurance that TDS will be able to continue to attract and/or retain people of outstanding potential for the development of its business.  The loss of the services of existing key personnel as well as the failure to recruit additional qualified personnel in a timely manner could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

9)       TDS’ assets are concentrated primarily in the U.S. telecommunications industry. As a result, its results of operations may fluctuate based on factors related primarily to conditions in this industry.

 

TDS’ assets are concentrated primarily in the U.S. telecommunications industry and the United States.  The U.S. telecommunications industry is facing significant change and an uncertain operating environment.  Although TDS has diversified into HMS and the cable businesses, TDS’ revenue streams continue to be substantially derived from telecommunications services, including wireless, wireline, broadband and internet services.  TDS’ focus on the U.S. telecommunications industry, together with its positioning relative to larger competitors with greater resources within the industry, may represent increased risk for investors due to the lack of diversification.  This could have an adverse effect on TDS’ ability to profitably sustain long-term revenue growth and could have an adverse effect on its business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

10)   TDS’ lower scale relative to larger competitors could adversely affect its business, financial condition or results of operations.

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There has been a trend in the telecommunications, IT services and related industries in recent years towards consolidation of service providers through acquisitions, reorganizations and joint ventures.  This trend could continue, leading to larger competitors over time. TDS has lower scale efficiencies compared to larger competitors.  TDS may be unable to compete successfully with larger companies that have substantially greater financial, technical, marketing, sales, purchasing and distribution resources or that offer more services than TDS, which could adversely affect TDS’ revenues and costs of doing business.  Specifically, TDS’ smaller scale relative to most of its competitors could have the following impacts, among others:

 

·         Increased operating costs due to lack of leverage with vendors;

·         Limited opportunities for strategic partnerships as potential partners are focused on wireless, wireline and cable companies with greater scale;

·         Limited access to content and programming;

·         Limited ability to influence industry standards;

·         Reduced ability to invest in research and development of new products and services;

·         Vendors may deem TDS non-strategic and not develop or sell products and services to TDS, particularly where technical requirements differ from those of larger companies;

·         Limited access to intellectual property; and

·         Other limited opportunities such as for software development or third party distribution.

 

TDS’ telecommunications businesses increasingly depend on access to content for data, music or video services and access to new wireless devices being developed by vendors.  TDS’ ability to obtain such access depends in part on other parties.  If TDS is unable to obtain timely access to new content or wireless devices being developed by vendors, its business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.

 

As a result of the foregoing, TDS’ lower scale relative to larger competitors could adversely affect TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

11)   Changes in various business factors could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

Changes in any of several factors could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.  These factors include, but are not limited to:

 

·         Demand for or usage of services, particularly data services;

·         Customer preferences, including internet speed and type of wireless devices;

·         Customer perceptions of network quality and performance;

·         The pricing of services;

·         Access to and cost of programming;

·         The overall size and growth rate of TDS’ customer base;

·         Average revenue per customer;

·         Penetration rates;

·         Churn rates;

·         Selling expenses;

·         Net customer acquisition and retention costs;

·         Customers’ ability to pay for services and the potential impact on bad debts expense;

·         Roaming agreements and rates;

·         Third-party vendor support;

·         The mix of products and services offered by TDS and purchased by customers; and

·         The costs of providing products and services.

 

12)   Advances or changes in technology could render certain technologies used by TDS obsolete, could put TDS at a competitive disadvantage, could reduce TDS’ revenues or could increase its costs of doing business.

 

The telecommunications and IT services industries are experiencing significant changes in technologies and services expected by customers.  In the telecommunications industry, this is evidenced by evolving industry standards, ongoing improvements in the capacity and quality of digital technology, shorter development cycles for new services and products, and enhancements and changes in end-user requirements and preferences.  Widespread deployment of new technologies could cause the technology used on TDS’ wireless networks and traditional circuit-switched telephone services to become less competitive or obsolete.  Also, high speed wireless networks (“wireless broadband”) represent a product offering and opportunity for TDS’ wireless business, but also represent a risk for TDS’ Wireline and Cable businesses as customers may elect to substitute their wireline broadband connection for wireless

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broadband.  Further, fixed-mobile convergence services that combine wireline broadband services with mobile services represent a competitive threat.  In addition, the IT services market is characterized by rapidly changing technology and services.  Future technological changes or advancements may enable other technologies to equal or exceed TDS’ current levels of service and render its system infrastructure obsolete.  TDS may not be able to respond to such changes and implement new technology on a timely or cost-effective basis, which could reduce its revenues or increase its costs of doing business.  If TDS cannot keep pace with these technological changes or other changes in the telecommunications or IT services industries over time, its financial condition, results of operations or ability to do business could be adversely affected.

 

13)   Complexities associated with deploying new technologies present substantial risk.

 

TDS’ wireless business has selected 4G LTE technology as its approach to address demand for services enabled by fourth generation wireless technology.  The deployment of 4G LTE technology is impacted by a number of technical challenges. 

 

Manufacturers of wireless devices (“Original Equipment Manufacturers” or “OEMs”) must design and manufacture equipment that operates on the frequency bands available to TDS.  This may involve software and hardware support for such bands in wireless device chipsets as well as band-specific designs for components such as filters.  OEMs, chipset manufacturers, and component manufacturers will likely prioritize the support of frequency bands that are specified by the largest wireless carriers.  Given TDS’ smaller scale relative to its competitors, certain bands of spectrum licensed to TDS and its affiliates in certain cases represent a lower priority for chipset and wireless device manufacturers.  As a result, the timing and the availability of wireless devices to support TDS’ continued 4G LTE roll out could be negatively impacted.  In addition, due to TDS’ relatively smaller scale, the cost of such equipment could be higher for TDS than for TDS’ competitors.

 

Additionally, the efficiency of LTE networks and the peak speeds they can provide are optimized when the technology is deployed in larger channel bandwidths that, in early releases of LTE, require larger amounts of contiguous spectrum.  To the extent that TDS’ competitors have access to larger contiguous spectrum positions, they may be able to offer faster speeds or provision their networks more efficiently.  In order for TDS to realize the same LTE data transfer speeds as competitors, it is important that both network infrastructure and device manufacturers support non-contiguous spectrum aggregation features for TDS.

Lack of wireless devices available to TDS to support its 4G LTE network, comparatively smaller spectrum positions for 4G LTE deployments, or carrier aggregation standards that result in TDS delivering slower 4G LTE data transfer speeds relative to its competitors, could have an adverse impact on TDS’ business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

TDS’ Wireline business is deploying technologically advanced wireline services including advanced DSL, fiber optic and Very-high-speed digital subscriber line 2 (“VDSL2”) technologies. A significant amount of the product development and integration risks are borne by TDS.  Further, the simultaneous rollout of these advanced services and technologies increases the execution risk.  If TDS fails to effectively deploy new technologies and products on a timely basis, this could have an adverse impact on TDS’ business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

Cable’s business is also subject to complexities associated with deploying new technologies and involves substantial risk, including rapid technology changes.  If Cable’s business does not respond appropriately to technology changes, its competitive position may be adversely affected.

 

The HMS business is also continuously evaluating and deploying advances in technology relating to IT services.  If HMS fails to effectively deploy new technologies and products on a timely basis, this could have an adverse impact on its business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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14)   TDS is subject to numerous surcharges and fees from federal, state and local governments, and the applicability and the amount of these fees are subject to great uncertainty.

 

Telecommunications providers pay a variety of surcharges and fees on their gross revenues from interstate and intrastate services, including USF fees and common carrier regulatory fees. The division of services between interstate services and intrastate services, including the divisions associated with the federal USF fees, is a matter of interpretation and may in the future be contested by the FCC or state authorities. The FCC also may change in the future the basis on which federal USF fees are charged. The Federal government and many states also apply transaction-based taxes to sales of TDS products and services and to purchases of telecommunications services from various carriers. In addition, state regulators and local governments have imposed and may continue to impose various surcharges, taxes and fees on TDS services. The applicability of these surcharges and fees to its services is uncertain in many cases and jurisdictions may contest whether TDS has assessed and remitted those monies correctly.  Periodically state and federal regulators may increase or change the surcharges and fees TDS currently pays.  In some instances TDS passes through these charges to its customers.  However, Congress, the FCC, state regulatory agencies or state legislatures may limit the ability to pass through transaction-based tax liabilities, regulatory surcharges and regulatory fees imposed on TDS to customers.  TDS may or may not be able to recover some or all of those taxes from its customers and the amount of taxes may deter demand for its services or increase its cost to provide service which could have an adverse effect on its business, financial condition or operating results.

 

15)   Performance under device purchase agreements could have a material adverse impact on TDS' business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

TDS has entered into purchase commitments with certain vendors and may enter into similar purchase commitments with other vendors in the future.  If TDS is unable to sell all of the devices that it is required to purchase under such agreements, or if it is unable to sell them at the prices it projects, its business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.

 

16)   Changes in TDS’ enterprise value, changes in the market supply or demand for wireless licenses, wireline or cable markets or IT service providers, adverse developments in the businesses or the industries in which TDS is involved and/or other factors could require TDS to recognize impairments in the carrying value of its licenses, goodwill, franchise rights and/or physical assets.

 

A large portion of TDS’ assets consists of indefinite-lived intangible assets in the form of licenses, goodwill and franchise rights.  TDS also has substantial investments in long-lived assets such as property, plant and equipment.  TDS reviews its licenses, goodwill, franchise rights and other long-lived assets for impairment annually or whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of such assets may not be fully recoverable.  An impairment loss may need to be recognized to the extent the carrying value of the assets exceeds the fair value of such assets.  The amount of any such impairment loss could be significant and could have an adverse effect on TDS’ reported financial results for the period in which the loss is recognized.  The estimation of fair values requires assumptions by management about factors that are uncertain including such things as future cash flows and the appropriate discount rate.  Different assumptions for these factors could create materially different results. 

 

17)   Costs, integration problems or other factors associated with acquisitions, divestitures or exchanges of properties or licenses and/or expansion of TDS’ businesses could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

As part of TDS’ operating strategy, TDS from time to time may be engaged in the acquisition, divestiture or exchange of companies, businesses, strategic properties, wireless spectrum or other assets.  TDS may change the markets in which it operates and the services that it provides through such acquisitions, divestitures and/or exchanges.  In general, TDS may not disclose the negotiation of such transactions until a definitive agreement has been reached.   These transactions commonly involve a number of risks, including:

 

·         Identification of attractive companies, businesses, properties, spectrum or other assets for acquisition or exchange, and/or the selection of TDS’ businesses or assets for divestiture or exchange;

·         Competition for acquisition targets and the ability to acquire or exchange businesses at reasonable prices;

·         Possible lack of buyers for businesses or assets that TDS desires to divest and the ability to divest or exchange such businesses or assets at reasonable prices;

·         Ability to negotiate favorable terms and conditions for acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges;

·         Significant expenditures associated with acquisitions, divestitures and exchanges;

·         Legal and regulatory risks associated with new businesses or markets;

·         Ability to enter markets in which TDS has limited or no direct prior experience and competitors have stronger positions;

·         Ability to manage businesses that are engaged in activities other than traditional wireline and wireless service, including cable businesses and hosted and managed services businesses;

·         Uncertain revenues and expenses associated with acquisitions, with the result that TDS may not realize the growth in revenues, anticipated cost structure, profitability, or return on investment that it expects;

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·         Difficulty of integrating the technologies, services, products, operations and personnel of the acquired businesses, or of separating such matters for divested businesses or assets;

·         Diversion of management’s attention;

·         Disruption of ongoing business;

·         Impact on TDS’ cash and available credit lines for use in financing future growth and working capital needs;

·         Inability to retain key personnel;

·         Inability to successfully incorporate acquired assets and rights into TDS’ service offerings;

·         Inability to maintain uniform standards, controls, procedures and policies;

·         Possible conditions to approval by the FCC, the Federal Trade Commission and/or the Department of Justice; and

·         Impairment of relationships with employees, customers or vendors.

 

No assurance can be given that TDS will be successful with respect to its acquisition, divestiture or exchange strategies or initiatives.  If TDS is not successful with respect to its acquisitions, divestitures or exchanges, its business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.

 

18)   TDS’ investments in unproven technologies may not produce the benefits that TDS expects.

 

TDS is making investments in various new technologies and service and product offerings.  These investments include technologies for enhanced data service offerings, IPTV, cable and IT services.  TDS expects new services, products and solutions based on these new technologies to contribute to future growth in its revenues.  However, the markets for some of these services, products and solutions are still emerging and the overall potential for these markets remains uncertain.  If customer demand for these new services, products and solutions does not develop as expected, TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected.

 

19)   A failure by TDS to complete significant network construction and systems implementation activities as part of its plans to improve the quality, coverage, capabilities and capacity of its networks and support systems could have an adverse effect on its operations.

 

TDS’ business plan includes significant construction activities and enhancements to its network, support and other systems and infrastructure.  In connection therewith, TDS must, among other things, continue to:

 

·         Lease, acquire or otherwise obtain rights to cell and switch sites, data centers relating to IT services or other facilities;

·         Obtain zoning variances or other local governmental or third-party approvals or permits for network construction;

·         Complete and update the radio frequency design, including cell site design, frequency planning and network optimization, for each of TDS’ wireless markets; and

·         Improve, expand and maintain customer care, network management, billing and other financial and management systems.

 

Any difficulties encountered in completing these activities, as well as problems in vendor equipment availability, technical resources, system performance or system adequacy, could delay expansion of operations and product capabilities in new or existing markets or result in increased costs.  Failure to successfully build-out and enhance TDS’ network, support facilities and other systems and infrastructure in a cost-effective manner, and in a manner that satisfies customer expectations, could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, business prospects, financial condition or results of operations.

 

20)   Difficulties involving third parties with which TDS does business, including changes in TDS’ relationships with or financial or operational difficulties of key suppliers or independent agents and third party national retailers who market TDS’ services, could adversely affect TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

TDS has relationships with independent agents and third party national retailers who market TDS’ services.  If such relationships are seriously harmed or if such parties experience financial difficulties, including bankruptcy, TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected. 

 

TDS depends upon certain vendors to provide it with equipment, services or content to continue its network construction and upgrades and to operate its business.  TDS does not have operational or financial control over such key suppliers and has limited influence with respect to the manner in which these key suppliers conduct their businesses.  If these key suppliers experience financial difficulties or file for bankruptcy or experience other operational difficulties, they may be unable to provide equipment, services or content to TDS on a timely basis or cease to provide such equipment, services or content or otherwise fail to honor their obligations to TDS. 

 

Regulations regarding the use of “conflict minerals” mined from the Democratic Republic of Congo and adjoining countries may affect some of TDS’ suppliers.  These regulations may limit the availability of conflict free minerals and, as a result, TDS may not be able to obtain products in sufficient quantities or at competitive prices from its vendors who utilize such minerals in the manufacture

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of products.  In such cases, TDS may be unable to maintain and upgrade its network or provide products and services to its customers in a competitive manner, or could suffer other disruptions to its business.  In that event, TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations could be adversely affected. 

 

In addition, operation of TDS’ supply chain and management of its inventory require accurate forecasting of customer growth and demand, which has become increasingly challenging.  If overall demand for wireless devices or the mix of demand for wireless devices is significantly different than TDS’ expectations, TDS could face inadequate or excess supplies of particular models of wireless devices.  This could result in lost sales opportunities or an excess supply of inventory.  Either of these situations could adversely affect TDS’ revenues, costs of doing business, results of operations or financial condition.

 

In 2010, U.S. Cellular entered into agreements with a third party vendor to develop a Billing and Operational Support System (B/OSS).  In 2014, U.S. Cellular entered into certain other agreements with such vendor that rearrange the structure under the original agreements, including arrangements pursuant to which U.S. Cellular now outsources certain support functions for its B/OSS to such vendor.  Operational problems associated with the B/OSS, including any failure by the vendor to provide the required level of service under the outsourcing arrangements, could have adverse effects on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

21)   TDS has significant investments in entities that it does not control. Losses in the value of such investments could have an adverse effect on TDS’ financial condition or results of operations.

 

TDS has significant investments in entities that it does not control, including equity investments and interests in certain variable interest entities.  TDS’ interests in such entities do not provide TDS with control over the business strategy, financial goals, network build-out plans or other operational aspects of these entities.  TDS cannot provide assurance that these entities will operate in a manner that will increase or maintain the value of TDS’ investments, that TDS’ proportionate share of income from these investments will continue at the current level in the future or that TDS will not incur losses from the holding of such investments.  Losses in the values of such investments or a reduction in income from these investments could adversely affect TDS’ financial condition or results of operations.

 

22)   A failure by TDS to maintain flexible and capable telecommunication networks or information technology, or a material disruption thereof, could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

TDS relies extensively on its telecommunication networks and information technology to operate and manage its businesses, process transactions and summarize and report results.  These networks and technology become obsolete over time and must be upgraded, replaced and/or otherwise enhanced over time.  Enhancements must be more flexible and dependable than ever before.  All of this is capital intensive and challenging.  A failure by TDS to maintain flexible and capable telecommunication networks or information technology could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

The increased provision of data services including IPTV has introduced significant new demands on TDS’ network and has also increased complexities related to network management.  As it relates to Wireline’s networks, the transition to new IP-based networks from well-established time-division multiplexing networks requires new support tools and technician skills.  Further, this transition requires the use of more leased facilities and partnerships which require enhanced network monitoring and controls.  The IP-based networks also generally require more electronics on customers’ premises which introduces more technical risks and makes diagnostics and repairs more difficult. 

 

Further, the increased provision of data services on TDS’ networks has created an increased level of risk related to quality of service.  This is due to the fact that many customers increasingly rely on data communications to execute and validate transactions.  As a result, redundancy and geographical diversity of TDS’ network facilities are critical to providing uninterrupted service.  Also, the speed of repair and maintenance procedures in the event of network interruptions is critical to maintaining customer satisfaction.  TDS’ ability to maintain high quality, uninterrupted service to its customers is critical, particularly given the increasingly competitive environment and customers’ ability to choose other service providers. 

 

In addition, TDS’ networks and information technology and the networks and information technology of vendors on which TDS relies are subject to damage or interruption due to various events, including power outages, computer, network and telecommunications failures, computer viruses, security breaches, hackers and other cyber security risks, catastrophic events, natural disasters, errors or unauthorized actions by employees and vendors, flawed conversion of systems, disruptive technologies and technology changes.

 

23)   Cyber-attacks or other breaches of network or information technology security could have an adverse effect on TDS' business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

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TDS experiences cyber-attacks of varying degrees on a regular basis. TDS maintains administrative, technical and physical controls, as well as other preventative actions, to reduce the risk of security breaches.  Although to date TDS has not experienced a material security breach, these efforts may be insufficient to prevent a security breach stemming from future cyber-attacks.  If TDS’ or its vendors’ networks and information technology are not adequately adapted to changes in technology or are damaged or fail to function properly, and/or if TDS’ or its vendors’ security is breached or otherwise compromised, TDS could suffer adverse consequences, including theft, destruction or other loss of critical and private data, including customer and/or employee data, interruptions or delays in its operations, inaccurate billings, inaccurate financial reporting, and significant costs to remedy the problems.  If TDS’ or its vendors’ systems become unavailable or suffer a security breach of customer or other data, TDS may be required to expend significant resources and take various actions to address the problems, including notification under data privacy laws and regulations, may be subject to fines, sanctions and litigation, and its reputation and operating results could be adversely affected.  Such events may also cause TDS to fail to satisfy service level commitments or trigger contractual obligations to customers of its IT services.  Any material disruption in TDS’ networks or information technology, including security breaches, could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

24)   The market price of TDS’ Common Shares is subject to fluctuations due to a variety of factors.

 

Factors that may affect the future market price of TDS’ Common Shares include:

   

·         General economic conditions, including conditions in the credit and financial markets;

·         Industry conditions;

·         Fluctuations in TDS’ quarterly customer additions, churn rate, revenues, results of operations or cash flows;

·         Variations between TDS’ actual financial and operating results and those expected by analysts and investors; and

·         Announcements by TDS’ competitors.   

 

Any of these or other factors could adversely affect the future market price of TDS’ Common Shares, or could cause the future market price of TDS’ Common Shares to fluctuate from time to time.

 

25)   Changes in facts or circumstances, including new or additional information, could require TDS to record charges in excess of amounts accrued in the financial statements, which could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

The preparation of financial statements requires TDS to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  TDS bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions and information that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities.  Actual results may differ from estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Changes in facts or circumstances, including new or additional information, could require TDS to record charges in excess of amounts accrued in the financial statements, if any, which could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

26)   Disruption in credit or other financial markets, a deterioration of U.S. or global economic conditions or other events could, among other things, impede TDS’ access to or increase the cost of financing its operating and investment activities and/or result in reduced revenues and lower operating income and cash flows, which would have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

Disruptions in the credit and financial markets, declines in consumer confidence, increases in unemployment, declines in economic growth and uncertainty about corporate earnings could have a significant negative impact on the U.S. and global financial and credit markets and the overall economy.  Such events could have an adverse impact on financial institutions resulting in limited access to capital and credit for many companies. Furthermore, economic uncertainties make it very difficult to accurately forecast and plan future business activities.  Changes in economic conditions, changes in financial markets, deterioration in the capital markets or other factors could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition, revenues, results of operations and cash flows. 

 

27)   Uncertainty of TDS’ ability to access capital, deterioration in the capital markets, other changes in market conditions, changes in TDS’ credit ratings or other factors could limit or restrict the availability of financing on terms and prices acceptable to TDS, which could require TDS to reduce its construction, development or acquisition programs.

 

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TDS and its subsidiaries operate capital-intensive businesses.  TDS has used internally-generated funds and has also obtained substantial funds from external sources to finance the build-out and enhancement of markets, to fund acquisitions and for general corporate purposes.  TDS also may require substantial additional capital for, among other uses, acquisitions of providers of wireless or wireline telecommunications services, cable markets, IT services or other businesses, spectrum license or system acquisitions, system development and network capacity expansion.  There can be no assurance that sufficient funds will continue to be available to TDS or its subsidiaries on terms or at prices acceptable to TDS.  Changes in TDS’ credit ratings, uncertainty of access to capital for telecommunications companies, deterioration in the capital markets, reduced regulatory capital at banks which in turn limits their ability to borrow and lend, other changes in market conditions or other factors could limit or restrict the availability of financing on terms and prices acceptable to TDS, which could require TDS to reduce its construction, development and acquisition programs.  Reduction of TDS’ construction, development and acquisition programs likely would have a negative impact on TDS’ consolidated revenues, income and cash flows.

 

28)   Settlements, judgments, restraints on its current or future manner of doing business and/or legal costs resulting from pending and future litigation could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

TDS is regularly involved in a number of legal and policy proceedings before the FCC and various state and federal courts.  Such legal and policy proceedings can be complex, costly, protracted and highly disruptive to business operations by diverting the attention and energies of management and other key personnel.

 

The assessment of legal and policy proceedings is a highly subjective process that requires judgments about future events.  Additionally, amounts ultimately received or paid upon settlement or resolution of litigation and other contingencies may differ materially from amounts accrued in the financial statements.  Depending on a range of factors, these or similar proceedings could impose restraints on TDS’ current or future manner of doing business.  Such potential outcomes could have an adverse effect on TDS’ financial condition, results of operations or ability to do business.

 

29)   The possible development of adverse precedent in litigation or conclusions in professional studies to the effect that radio frequency emissions from wireless devices and/or cell sites cause harmful health consequences, including cancer or tumors, or may interfere with various electronic medical devices such as pacemakers, could have an adverse effect on TDS’ wireless business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

Media reports and certain professional studies have suggested that certain radio frequency emissions from wireless devices may be linked to various health problems, including cancer or tumors, and may interfere with various electronic medical devices, including hearing aids and pacemakers.  U.S. Cellular is a party to and may in the future be a party to lawsuits against wireless carriers and other parties claiming damages for alleged health effects, including cancer or tumors, arising from wireless phones or radio frequency transmitters.  Concerns over radio frequency emissions may discourage use of wireless devices or expose TDS to potential litigation.  In addition, the FCC or other regulatory authorities may adopt regulations in response to concerns about radio frequency emissions.  Any resulting decrease in demand for wireless services, costs of litigation and damage awards or regulation could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

In addition, some studies have indicated that some aspects of using wireless devices while driving may impair drivers’ attention in certain circumstances, making accidents more likely.  These concerns could lead to potential litigation relating to accidents, deaths or serious bodily injuries, any of which could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

Numerous state and local legislative bodies have enacted or proposed legislation restricting or prohibiting the use of wireless devices while driving motor vehicles.  These enacted or proposed laws or other similar laws, if passed, could have the effect of reducing customer usage and/or increasing costs, which could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition, or results of operations.

 

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30)   Claims of infringement of intellectual property and proprietary rights of others, primarily involving patent infringement claims, could prevent TDS from using necessary technology to provide products or services or subject TDS to expensive intellectual property litigation or monetary penalties, which could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

TDS faces possible effects of industry litigation relating to patents, other intellectual property or otherwise, that may restrict TDS’ access to devices for sale to customers.  If technology that TDS uses in products or services were determined by a court to infringe a patent or other intellectual property right held by another person, TDS could be precluded from using that technology and could be required to pay significant monetary damages.  TDS also may be required to pay significant royalties to such person to continue to use such technology in the future.  The successful enforcement of any intellectual property rights, or TDS’ inability to negotiate a license for such rights on acceptable terms, could force TDS to cease using the relevant technology and offering services incorporating the technology.  Any litigation to determine the validity of claims that TDS’ products or services infringe or may infringe intellectual property rights of another, regardless of their merit or resolution, could be costly and divert the effort and attention of TDS’ management and technical personnel.  Regardless of the merits of any specific claim, TDS cannot give assurance that it would prevail in litigation because of the complex technical issues and inherent uncertainties in intellectual property litigation.  Although TDS generally seeks to obtain indemnification agreements from vendors that provide it with technology, there can be no assurance that any claim of infringement will be covered by an indemnity or that TDS will be able to recover all or any of its losses and costs under any available indemnity agreements.  Any claims of infringement of intellectual property and proprietary rights of others could prevent TDS from using necessary technology to provide its services or subject TDS to expensive intellectual property litigation or monetary penalties, which could have an adverse effect on TDS’ business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

31)   Certain matters, such as control by the TDS Voting Trust and provisions in the TDS Restated Certificate of Incorporation, may serve to discourage or make more difficult a change in control of TDS.

 

The TDS Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, and the TDS bylaws contain provisions which may serve to discourage or make more difficult a change in control of TDS without the support of the TDS Voting Trust and the TDS Board of Directors or without meeting various other conditions.

 

The TDS Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, authorizes the issuance of different series of common stock, which have different voting rights.  The TDS Series A Common Shares have the power to elect approximately 75% (less one) of the directors and have ten votes per share in matters other than the election of directors.  The TDS Common Shares (with one vote per share) vote as a separate group only with respect to the election of 25% (plus one) of the directors.  In addition, the total percentage voting power in matters other than the election of directors of the Series A Common Shares and Common Shares are fixed, at 56.7% and 43.3%, respectively, subject to adjustment due to changes in the number of outstanding Series A Common Shares.

 

A substantial majority of the outstanding TDS Series A Common Shares are held in the TDS Voting Trust which expires on June 30, 2035.  The TDS Voting Trust was created to facilitate the long-standing relationships among the trustees’ certificate holders.  By virtue of the number of shares held by them, the voting trustees have the power to elect eight directors based on the current TDS Board of Directors’ size of twelve directors, and control a majority of the voting power of TDS with respect to matters other than the election of directors.

 

The existence of the TDS Voting Trust is likely to deter any potential unsolicited or hostile takeover attempts or other efforts to obtain control of TDS and may make it more difficult for shareholders to sell shares of TDS at higher than market prices.  The trustees of the TDS Voting Trust have advised TDS that they intend to maintain the ability to keep or dispose of voting control of TDS.

 

The TDS Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, also authorizes the TDS Board of Directors to designate and issue TDS Undesignated Shares in one or more classes or series of preferred or common stock from time to time.  Generally, no further action or authorization by the shareholders is necessary prior to the designation or issuance of the additional TDS Undesignated Shares authorized pursuant to the TDS Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, unless applicable laws or regulations would require such approval in a given instance.  Such TDS Undesignated Shares could be issued in circumstances that would serve to preserve control of TDS’ then existing management.

 

In addition, the TDS Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, includes a provision which authorizes the TDS Board of Directors to consider various factors, including effects on customers, taxes, and the long-term and short-term interests of TDS, in the context of a proposal or offer to acquire or merge the corporation, or to sell its assets, and to reject such offer if the TDS Board of Directors determines that the proposal is not in the best interests of the corporation based on such factors.

 

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The provisions of the TDS Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, and the TDS bylaws and the existence of various classes of capital stock could prevent shareholders from profiting from an increase in the market value of their shares as a result of a change in control of TDS by delaying or preventing such change in control.

 

32)   Any of the foregoing events or other events could cause revenues, earnings, capital expenditures and/or any other financial or statistical information to vary from TDS’ forward-looking estimates by a material amount.

 

From time to time, TDS may disclose forward-looking information, including estimates of future service revenues; various measures of income before income taxes; and/or capital expenditures.  Any such forward-looking information includes consideration of known or anticipated changes to the extent disclosed, but dynamic market conditions and/or other unknown or unanticipated events, including but not limited to the risks discussed above, could cause such estimates to differ materially from the actual amounts.

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Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

 

None.

 

Item 2.  Properties

 

U.S. Cellular

U.S. Cellular’s mobile telephone switching offices, cell sites, call centers and retail stores are located primarily in U.S. Cellular’s operating markets and are either owned or leased under long-term leases by U.S. Cellular, one of its subsidiaries, or the partnership, limited liability company or corporation which holds the license issued by the FCC. 

 

U.S. Cellular leases space for its corporate offices in Chicago, Bensenville and Wood Dale, Illinois; it also leases space for its network operations center in Schaumburg, Illinois and its regional and local market business offices.  U.S. Cellular operates four customer care centers; two of the facilities used in these operations are owned and two are leased. 

 

TDS Telecom

Wireline owns substantially all of its physical assets consisting of telephone distribution networks, network electronic equipment and land and buildings located in its ILEC operating markets.   TDS Telecom leases most of its office space, retail sites, equipment, switching facility buildings, storage facilities and sales offices used in its CLEC operations. 

 

Cable’s principal physical assets consist of cable distribution networks, headends, towers and business offices.  Cable generally leases business offices and space on the towers on which equipment is located while headends are located on owned or leased parcels of land.

 

HMS’ principal physical assets consist of data centers and business offices which are either owned or leased.

 

TDS Telecom leases space for its corporate headquarters office in Madison, Wisconsin.

 

Corporate

TDS leases space for its corporate offices in Chicago, Illinois and Middleton, Wisconsin. 

 

General

U.S. Cellular’s cell and transmitter sites and TDS Telecom’s telephone and cable lines are located on private and public property.  Locations on private land are by virtue of ownership, easements or other arrangements.  U.S. Cellular and TDS Telecom have not experienced major problems with obtaining zoning approval for cell and transmitter sites, telephone lines or other operating facilities and do not anticipate significant problems in this area in future periods. 

 

U.S. Cellular’s and TDS Telecom’s properties, plant and equipment are maintained in good operating condition and are suitable and adequate for TDS’ business operations. 

 

As of December 31, 2014, Property, plant and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation, totaled $2,728.2 million at U.S. Cellular, $787.2 million at Wireline, $187.9 million at Cable, $118.6 million at HMS; and $24.2 million at Corporate, Airadigm and Suttle-Straus.

 

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings

 

TDS is involved or may be involved from time to time in legal proceedings before the FCC, other regulatory authorities, and/or various state and federal courts.  If TDS believes that a loss arising from such legal proceedings is probable and can be reasonably estimated, an amount is accrued in the financial statements for the estimated loss.  If only a range of loss can be determined, the best estimate within that range is accrued; if none of the estimates within that range is better than another, the low end of the range is accrued.  The assessment of the expected outcomes of legal proceedings is a highly subjective process that requires judgments about future events.  The legal proceedings are reviewed at least quarterly to determine the adequacy of accruals and related financial statement disclosures.  The ultimate outcomes of legal proceedings could differ materially from amounts accrued in the financial statements.  See Note 13 — Commitments and Contingencies in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further information.

 

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures.

 

Not applicable

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PART II

 

Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

 

Market, holder, dividend and performance graph information is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K, Annual Report sections entitled “Shareholder Information” and “Consolidated Quarterly Information (Unaudited).”

 

Information relating to Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities is set forth below.

 

On August 2, 2013, the Board of Directors of TDS authorized a $250 million stock repurchase program for TDS Common Shares.  Depending on market conditions, such shares may be repurchased in compliance with Rule 10b-18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended ("Exchange Act"), pursuant to Rule 10b5-1 under the Exchange Act, or pursuant to accelerated share repurchase arrangements, prepaid share repurchases, private transactions or as otherwise authorized.  This authorization does not have an expiration date.

 

TDS determines whether to repurchase shares from time to time based on many considerations, including cash needed for other known or possible requirements, the stock price, market conditions, debt rating considerations, business forecasts, business plans, macroeconomic conditions, share issuances under compensation plans, provisions in governing and legal documents and other legal requirements, and other facts and circumstances.  Subject to these considerations, TDS may approve the repurchase of its shares from time to time when circumstances warrant. 

 

 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Period

Total Number of

Shares Purchased

  

  

Average Price Paid

per Share

  

Total Number of

Shares Purchased

as Part of Publicly

Announced Plans or

Programs

  

Maximum Dollar

Value of Shares that

may yet be

Purchased Under the

Plans or Programs

October 1 - 31, 2014

 244,269 

  

$

 23.51 

  

 244,269 

  

$

 202,770,127 

November 1 - 30, 2014

 - 

  

  

 - 

  

 - 

  

  

 202,770,127 

December 1 - 31, 2014

 67,740 

  

  

 23.01 

  

 67,740 

  

  

 201,211,668 

Total for or as of the end of the

  quarter ended December 31, 2014

 312,009 

  

$

 23.40 

  

 312,009 

  

$

 201,211,668 

 

The following is additional information with respect to the Common Shares authorization:

 

i.         The date the program was announced was August 2, 2013 by Form 8-K.

 

ii.        The amount approved was up to $250 million in aggregate purchase price of TDS Common Shares.

 

iii.      There is no expiration date for the program.

 

iv.      The authorization did not expire during the fourth quarter of 2014.

 

v.       TDS did not determine to terminate the foregoing Common Share repurchase program, or cease making further purchases thereunder, during the fourth quarter of 2014.

 

Item 6.  Selected Financial Data

 

Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K, Annual Report section entitled “Selected Consolidated Financial and Operating Data,” except for Ratio of earnings to fixed charges, which is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 12 to this Form 10-K.

 

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K, Annual Report section entitled “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”

 

Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

32</BCLPAGE>32


 

 

Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K, Annual Report section entitled “Market Risk.”

 

Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

 

Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 13 to this Form 10-K, Annual Report sections entitled “Consolidated Statement of Operations,” “Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income,” “Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows,” “Consolidated Balance Sheet,” “Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity,” “Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements,” “Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting,” “Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm,” and “Consolidated Quarterly Information (Unaudited).”

 

Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

 

None.

 

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures

 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures   

 

TDS maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in its reports filed or submitted under the Exchange Act is processed, recorded, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to TDS’ management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure.  In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives.

 

As required by SEC Rule 13a-15(b), TDS carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of TDS’ disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report.  Based on this evaluation, the principal executive officer and principal financial officer have concluded that TDS’ disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2014, at the reasonable assurance level. 

 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act.  TDS’ internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”).  TDS’ internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the issuer; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures of the issuer are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and, where required, the board of directors of the issuer; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the issuer’s assets that could have a material effect on the interim or annual consolidated financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

Under the supervision and with the participation of TDS’ management, including its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, TDS conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on the criteria established in the 2013 version of Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”).  Management has concluded that TDS maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014 based on criteria established in the 2013 version of Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the COSO.

 

The effectiveness of TDS’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in the firm’s report which is incorporated by reference into Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K from Exhibit 13 filed herewith.

 

33</BCLPAGE>33


 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

There were no changes in TDS’ internal control over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of 2014 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, TDS’ internal control over financial reporting.

 

Item 9B.  Other Information

 

None.

34</BCLPAGE>34


 

PART III

 

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

 

Incorporated by reference from Proxy Statement sections entitled “Election of Directors,” “Corporate Governance,” “Executive Officers” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance.”

 

Item 11.  Executive Compensation

 

Incorporated by reference from Proxy Statement section entitled “Executive and Director Compensation.”

 

Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

 

Incorporated by reference from Proxy Statement sections entitled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans.”

 

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

 

Incorporated by reference from Proxy Statement sections entitled “Corporate Governance” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.”

 

Item 14.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services

 

Incorporated by reference from Proxy Statement section entitled “Fees Paid to Principal Accountants.”

35</BCLPAGE>35


 

PART IV

 

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

 

(a)

The following documents are filed as a part of this report:

  

  

  

  

  

  (1)

Financial Statements

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Consolidated Statement of Operations

Annual Report*

  

  

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

Annual Report*

  

  

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

Annual Report*

  

  

Consolidated Balance Sheet

Annual Report*

  

  

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

Annual Report*

  

  

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Annual Report*

  

  

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Annual Report*

  

  

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

  —PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

Annual Report*

  

  

Consolidated Quarterly Information (Unaudited)

Annual Report*

  

  

  

  

  

  

* Incorporated by reference from Exhibit 13.

  

 

  

  (2)

Financial Statement Schedules

  

  

  

  

  

Location

  

  

Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership Financial Statements

S-1

  

  

  

  Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm — Ernst & Young

S-2

  

  

  

  Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm — Deloitte & Touche LLP

S-3

  

  

  

  Balance Sheets

S-4

  

  

  

  Statements of Operations

S-5

  

  

  

  Statements of Changes in Partners’ Capital

S-6

  

  

  

  Statements of Cash Flows

S-7

  

  

  

  Notes to Financial Statements

S-8

 

All other schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable or not required or because the required information is shown in the financial statements or notes thereto.

 

(3)       Exhibits

 

The exhibits set forth in the accompanying Index to Exhibits are filed as a part of this Report.  Compensatory plans or arrangements are identified in the Index to Exhibits with an asterisk.

36</BCLPAGE>36


 

LOS ANGELES SMSA LIMITED PARTNERSHIP

 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

TDS’ subsidiary, U.S. Cellular, owns a 5.5% limited partnership interest in the Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership and accounts for such interest by the equity method.  The partnership’s financial statements were obtained by U.S. Cellular as a limited partner.

 

S-1

 

 


 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

The Partners of Los Angeles SMSA

Limited Partnership

We have audited the accompanying balance sheet of Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership (the Partnership) as of December 31, 2014, and the related statements of income and comprehensive income, change in partners’ capital and cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2014. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Partnership’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged to perform an audit of the Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audit included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Partnership’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Partnership at December 31, 2014, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2014, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles

 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP
Certified Public Accountants

Orlando, Florida
February 25, 2015

 

S-2

 

 


 

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

 

To the Partners of

Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership:

Basking Ridge, New Jersey

 

We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership (the "Partnership") as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the related statements of operations, changes in partners’ capital, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Partnership's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  The Partnership is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting.  Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Partnership's internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

In our opinion, such financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Partnership as of December 31, 2013 and 2012, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2013 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

 

 

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Atlanta, Georgia

February 28, 2014

 

S-3

 

 


 

Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership

  

  

  

  

  

Balance Sheets - As of December 31, 2014 and 2013

  

  

  

  

  

(Dollars in Thousands)

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

2014 

  

2013 

ASSETS

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

CURRENT ASSETS:

  

  

  

  

  

  

Due from affiliate

$

 205,273 

  

$

 316,794 

  

Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $24,136 and $21,600

  

 529,649 

  

  

 363,069 

  

Unbilled revenue

  

 24,511 

  

  

 20,070 

  

Prepaid expenses

  

 13,188 

  

  

 4,357 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Total current assets

  

 772,621 

  

  

 704,290 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT—Net

  

 1,715,460 

  

  

 1,581,317 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

WIRELESS LICENSES

  

 79,543 

  

  

 79,543 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

OTHER ASSETS

  

 99,652 

  

  

 8,848 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

TOTAL ASSETS

$

 2,667,276 

  

$

 2,373,998 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' CAPITAL

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

  

  

  

  

  

  

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

$

 168,893 

  

$

 117,972 

  

Advance billings and customer deposits

  

 197,715 

  

  

 152,698 

  

Deferred gain

  

 4,923 

  

  

 4,923 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Total current liabilities

  

 371,531 

  

  

 275,593 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

LONG TERM LIABILITIES:

  

  

  

  

  

  

Deferred gain

  

 23,950 

  

  

 28,892 

  

Other liabilities

  

 38,021 

  

  

 34,411 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Total long term liabilities

  

 61,971 

  

  

 63,303 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Total liabilities

  

 433,502 

  

  

 338,896 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

PARTNERS' CAPITAL

  

 2,233,774 

  

  

 2,035,102 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

TOTAL LIABILITIES AND PARTNERS' CAPITAL

$

 2,667,276 

  

$

 2,373,998 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

See notes to financial statements.

  

  

  

  

  

 

S-4

 

 


 

Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership

Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income - Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012

(Dollars in Thousands)

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

2014 

  

2013 

  

2012 

OPERATING REVENUE:

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Service revenue

$

 4,317,377 

  

$

 4,166,296 

  

$

 3,920,064 

  

Equipment and other

  

 851,557 

  

  

 667,963 

  

  

 677,836 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Total operating revenue

  

 5,168,934 

  

  

 4,834,259 

  

  

 4,597,900 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

OPERATING EXPENSES:

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Cost of service (exclusive of depreciation and amortization)

  

 863,031 

  

  

 753,438 

  

  

 705,065 

  

Depreciation and amortization

  

 344,887 

  

  

 337,313 

  

  

 343,565 

  

Cost of equipment

  

 1,195,874 

  

  

 885,502 

  

  

 948,130 

  

Selling, general and administrative

  

 1,470,669 

  

  

 1,445,229 

  

  

 1,375,852 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Total operating expenses

  

 3,874,461 

  

  

 3,421,482 

  

  

 3,372,612 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

OPERATING INCOME

  

 1,294,473 

  

  

 1,412,777 

  

  

 1,225,288 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

OTHER INCOME:

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Interest income, net

  

 4,199 

  

  

 1,520 

  

  

 1,051 

  

Other

  

 - 

  

  

 4,941 

  

  

 4,941 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Total other income

  

 4,199 

  

  

 6,461 

  

  

 5,992 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

NET INCOME AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

$

 1,298,672 

  

$

 1,419,238 

  

$

 1,231,280 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Allocation of Net Income:

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Limited Partners

$

 779,203 

  

$

 851,543 

  

$

 738,768 

  

General Partner

$

 519,469 

  

$

 567,695 

  

$

 492,512 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

See notes to financial statements.

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

 

S-5

 

 


 

Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership

Statements of Changes in Partners' Capital - Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012

(Dollars in Thousands)

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

General

Partner

  

Limited Partners

  

  

  

  

  

  

AirTouch

Cellular

  

AirTouch

Cellular

  

Cellco

Partnership

  

United States

Cellular

Corporation

  

Total Partners'

Capital

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

BALANCE—January 1, 2012

$

 753,834 

  

$

 797,179 

  

$

 229,920 

  

$

 103,651 

  

$

 1,884,584 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Distributions

  

 (480,000) 

  

  

 (507,600) 

  

  

 (146,400) 

  

  

 (66,000) 

  

  

 (1,200,000) 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Net Income

  

 492,512 

  

  

 520,832 

  

  

 150,216 

  

  

 67,720 

  

  

 1,231,280 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

BALANCE—December 31, 2012

  

 766,346 

  

  

 810,411 

  

  

 233,736 

  

  

 105,371 

  

  

 1,915,864 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Distributions

  

 (520,000) 

  

  

 (549,900) 

  

  

 (158,600) 

  

  

 (71,500) 

  

  

 (1,300,000) 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Net Income

  

 567,695 

  

  

 600,337 

  

  

 173,146 

  

  

 78,060 

  

  

 1,419,238 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

BALANCE—December 31, 2013

  

 814,041 

  

  

 860,848 

  

  

 248,282 

  

  

 111,931 

  

  

 2,035,102 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Distributions

  

 (440,000) 

  

  

 (465,300) 

  

  

 (134,200) 

  

  

 (60,500) 

  

  

 (1,100,000) 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Net Income

  

 519,468 

  

  

 549,338 

  

  

 158,438 

  

  

 71,428 

  

  

 1,298,672 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

BALANCE—December 31, 2014

$

 893,509 

  

$

 944,886 

  

$

 272,520 

  

$

 122,859 

  

$

 2,233,774 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

See notes to financial statements.

 

S-6

 

 


 

Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership

Statements of Cash Flows - Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012

(Dollars in Thousands)

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

2014 

  

2013 

  

2012 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Net income

$

 1,298,672 

  

$

 1,419,238 

  

$

 1,231,280 

  

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Depreciation and amortization

  

 344,887 

  

  

 337,313 

  

  

 343,565 

  

  

Amortization of deferred gain

  

 (4,942) 

  

  

 (4,941) 

  

  

 (4,957) 

  

  

Provision for losses on accounts receivable

  

 34,370 

  

  

 44,339 

  

  

 37,057 

  

  

Changes in certain assets and liabilities:

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Accounts receivable

  

 (200,950) 

  

  

 (68,809) 

  

  

 (69,272) 

  

  

  

Unbilled revenue

  

 (4,441) 

  

  

 (579) 

  

  

 2,761 

  

  

  

Prepaid expenses

  

 (8,831) 

  

  

 180 

  

  

 (760) 

  

  

  

Other assets

  

 (91,809) 

  

  

 (8,193) 

  

  

 19 

  

  

  

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

  

 32,591 

  

  

 (15,872) 

  

  

 18,548 

  

  

  

Advance billings and customer deposits

  

 45,017 

  

  

 7,849 

  

  

 9,826 

  

  

  

Other liabilities

  

 3,610 

  

  

 10,447 

  

  

 4,208 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Net cash provided by operating activities

  

 1,448,174 

  

  

 1,720,972 

  

  

 1,572,275 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Capital expenditures

  

 (487,511) 

  

  

 (371,385) 

  

  

 (322,328) 

  

Fixed asset transfers out

  

 27,816 

  

  

 23,459 

  

  

 50,152 

  

Change in due from affiliate

  

 111,521 

  

  

 (73,046) 

  

  

 (100,099) 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Net cash used in investing activities

  

 (348,174) 

  

  

 (420,972) 

  

  

 (372,275) 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Distributions to partners

  

 (1,100,000) 

  

  

 (1,300,000) 

  

  

 (1,200,000) 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Net cash used in financing activities

  

 (1,100,000) 

  

  

 (1,300,000) 

  

  

 (1,200,000) 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

CHANGE IN CASH

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

CASH—Beginning of year

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

CASH—End of year

$

  

$

  

$

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

NONCASH TRANSACTIONS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

Accruals for Capital Expenditures

$

 31,019 

  

$

 12,689 

  

$

 11,403 

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

See notes to financial statements.

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

  

 

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Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership

Notes to Financial Statements – Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

(Dollars in Thousands)

 

1.            ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT

 

Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership Los Angeles SMSA Limited Partnership (the “Partnership” or “we”) was formed in 1984. The principal activity of the Partnership is providing cellular service in the Los Angeles metropolitan service area.

 

The partners and their respective ownership percentages as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 are as follows:

 

  

General Partner

  

  

  

AirTouch Cellular* (“General Partner”)

40.0%

  

  

  

  

  

Limited Partners:

  

  

  

AirTouch Cellular*

42.3%

  

  

Cellco Partnership

12.2%

  

  

United States Cellular Corporation

5.5%

______________________________

* AirTouch Cellular is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Verizon Wireless (VAW) LLC (a wholly-owned subsidiary of Cellco Partnership (“Cellco”) doing business as Verizon Wireless.

 

In accordance with the partnership agreement, Cellco is responsible for managing the operations of the partnership (See Note 6).

 

2.       SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Use of Estimates — We prepare our financial statements using U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), which require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts and disclosures.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Examples of significant estimates include: the allowance for doubtful accounts, the recoverability of property, plant, and equipment, the recoverability of intangible assets and other long-lived assets, unbilled revenues, fair values of financial instruments, accrued expenses and contingencies.

 

Revenue Recognition — The Partnership offers products and services to our customers through bundled arrangements. These arrangements involve multiple deliverables which may include products, services, or a combination of products and services.

 

The Partnership earns revenue primarily by providing access to and usage of its network.  In general, access revenue is billed one month in advance and recognized when earned.  Usage revenue is generally billed in arrears and recognized when service is rendered.  Equipment sales revenue associated with the sale of wireless handsets and accessories is generally recognized when the products are delivered to and accepted by the customer, as this is considered to be a separate earnings process from providing wireless services.  For agreements involving the resale of third-party services in which we are considered the primary obligor in the arrangements, we record the revenue gross at the time of the sale.  For equipment sales, we generally subsidize the cost of wireless devices for plans under our traditional subsidy model.  The amount of this subsidy is generally contingent on the arrangement and terms selected by the customer.   In multiple deliverable arrangements which involve the sale of equipment and a service contract, the equipment revenue is recognized up to the amount collected when the wireless device is sold. 

 

In addition to the traditional subsidy model for equipment sales, we offer new and existing customers the option to participate in Verizon Edge, a program that provides eligible wireless customers with the ability to pay for handsets under an equipment installment plan. Under the Verizon Edge program, customers have the right to upgrade their handset after a minimum of 30 days, subject to certain conditions, including making a stated portion of the required device payments, trading in their handset in good working condition and signing a new contract with Verizon. Upon upgrade, the outstanding balance of the equipment installment plan is exchanged for the used handset. This trade-in right is accounted for as a guarantee obligation.

 

Verizon Edge is a multiple-element arrangement typically consisting of the trade-in right, handset and monthly wireless service. At the inception of the arrangement, the amount allocable to the delivered units of accounting is limited to the amount that is not contingent upon the delivery of the monthly wireless service (the noncontingent amount). The full amount of the trade-in right’s fair value (not an allocated value) will be recognized as the guarantee liability and the remaining allocable consideration will be allocated to the handset. The value of the guarantee liability effectively results in a reduction to revenue recognized for

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the sale of the handset. The guarantee liability is measured at fair value upon initial recognition based on assumptions lacking observable pricing inputs including the probability and timing of the customer upgrading to a new phone, the customer’s estimated remaining installment balance at the time of trade-in and the estimated fair value of the phone at the time of trade-in and therefore is classified within Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. When the customer trades-in their used phone, the handset received is recorded to inventory and measured as the difference between the remaining equipment installment plan balance at the time of trade-in and the guarantee liability. As a result of changes in the Verizon Edge program during 2014, and corresponding changes in related assumptions, the guarantee liability associated with Verizon Edge agreements under the current program is not material.  The guarantee liability may increase after initial recognition as a result of changes in facts or assumptions and we will account for any increase in the guarantee liability with a corresponding decrease to revenue. The subsequent derecognition of the guarantee liability occurs when the guarantor is released from risk, which will occur at the earlier of the time the trade-in right is exercised or expires.

 

Roaming revenue reflects service revenue earned by the Partnership when customers not associated with the Partnership operate in the service area of the Partnership and use the Partnership’s network.  The roaming rates with third party carriers associated with those customers are based on agreements with such carriers.  The roaming rates charged by the Partnership to Cellco are established by Cellco on a periodic basis and may not reflect current market rates (see Note 6).

 

Maintenance and Repairs – We charge the cost of maintenance and repairs, including the cost of replacing minor items not constituting substantial betterments, principally to Cost