UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
(Mark One) |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2007. |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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For the transition period from to |
Commission File Number: 001-33440
INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware |
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30-0390693 |
(State or other jurisdiction |
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(I.R.S. Employer |
of incorporation or organization) |
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Identification No.) |
One Pickwick Plaza
Greenwich, Connecticut 06830
(Address of principal executive office)
(203) 618-5800
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes o No x.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o |
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Accelerated filer o |
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Non-accelerated filer x |
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o No x.
As of June 15, 2007, there were 40,187,258 shares of the issuers Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding and 100 shares of the issuers Class B common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.
INTERACTIVE BROKERS GROUP, INC.
QUARTERLY REPORT ON FORM 10-Q FOR THE QUARTER ENDED MARCH 31, 2007
Table of Contents
2
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
Introductory Note
On May 3, 2007, Interactive Brokers Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation (IBG, Inc.), priced an initial public offering (the IPO) of shares of its Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the Common Stock). In connection with the IPO, IBG, Inc. purchased 10% of the membership interests in IBG LLC, a Connecticut limited liability company, from IBG Holdings LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, became the sole managing member of IBG LLC and began to consolidate IBG LLCs financial results into its financial statements. Such transactions are collectively referred to herein as the Recapitalization are described in greater detail in Note 12 to the condensed consolidated financial statements. Because the Recapitalization occurred subsequent to the end of the period covered by this report, the historical condensed consolidated financial statements reflect the historical financial position, results of operations and cash flows of IBG LLC and subsidiaries (the Group) for all periods presented. Accordingly, the historical condensed consolidated financial statements do not reflect what the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of IBG, Inc. or the Group would have been had these companies been stand-alone public companies for the periods presented. Specifically, the historical financial statements of the Group do not give effect to the following matters:
· The Recapitalization.
· U.S. corporate federal income taxes, since the Group operates in the U.S. as a limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Historically, the Groups income was not subject to U.S. federal income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners. Income taxes shown on the Groups condensed consolidated statements of income are primarily attributable to taxes incurred by non-U.S. entities. Outside the United States, the Group principally operates through subsidiary corporations and is subject to local income taxes. Foreign income taxes paid on dividends received are also reported as income taxes. State and local income taxes reported in the condensed consolidated statements of income represent taxes assessed by jurisdictions that do not recognize the Groups limited liability company status. Subsequent to the consummation of the IPO, the consolidated financial statements of IBG, Inc. will include U.S. federal income taxes on its allocable share of the results of operations of the Group, giving effect to the post-IPO structure.
· Minority interest reflecting IBG Holdings LLCs ownership of approximately 90% of the IBG LLC membership interests outstanding immediately after the IPO.
3
IBG LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
(Unaudited)
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March 31 |
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December 31, |
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(dollars in thousands) |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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Assets |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
607,776 |
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$ |
669,271 |
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Cash and securities segregated for regulatory purposes |
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3,427,864 |
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3,111,795 |
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Securities borrowed |
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10,533,021 |
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10,479,231 |
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Securities purchased under agreements to resell |
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97,740 |
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Trading assets, at fair value: |
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Financial instruments owned |
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7,261,800 |
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7,485,879 |
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Financial instruments owned and pledged as collateral |
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7,438,086 |
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8,331,923 |
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14,699,886 |
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15,817,802 |
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Other receivables: |
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Customers (net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,043 at March 31, 2007 and $1,031 at December 31, 2006) |
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1,081,663 |
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848,448 |
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Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations |
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1,682,564 |
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856,957 |
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Interest |
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63,657 |
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62,772 |
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2,827,884 |
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1,768,177 |
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Other assets |
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152,257 |
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136,502 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
32,248,688 |
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$ |
32,080,518 |
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Liabilities and redeemable members interest |
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Liabilities: |
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Trading liabilities financial instruments sold but not yet purchased, at fair value |
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$ |
14,719,628 |
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$ |
14,785,617 |
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Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
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17,286 |
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Securities loaned |
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7,003,580 |
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8,026,468 |
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Short-term borrowings |
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1,051,486 |
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1,296,909 |
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Other payables: |
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Customers |
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4,591,418 |
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3,914,037 |
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Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations |
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1,381,951 |
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743,339 |
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Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities |
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163,202 |
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161,812 |
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Interest |
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49,180 |
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49,821 |
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6,185,751 |
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4,869,009 |
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Senior notes payable |
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154,604 |
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150,598 |
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Senior secured credit facility |
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150,000 |
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150,000 |
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Commitments, contingencies and guarantees |
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Redeemable members interests |
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(including accumulated other comprehensive income of $103,308 at March 31, 2007 and $98,568 at December 31, 2006) |
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2,966,353 |
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2,801,917 |
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Total liabilities and redeemable members interest |
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$ |
32,248,688 |
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$ |
32,080,518 |
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See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
4
IBG LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
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Three months ended March 31, |
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(dollars in thousands) |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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Revenues: |
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Trading gains |
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$ |
198,802 |
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$ |
225,369 |
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Commissions and execution fees |
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56,335 |
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39,364 |
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Interest income |
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184,519 |
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132,075 |
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Other income |
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24,689 |
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25,564 |
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Total revenues |
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464,345 |
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422,372 |
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Interest expense |
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133,537 |
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93,803 |
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Total net revenues |
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330,808 |
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328,569 |
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Non-interest expenses: |
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Execution and clearing |
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90,120 |
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71,308 |
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Employee compensation and benefits |
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32,793 |
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28,687 |
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Occupancy, depreciation and amortization |
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5,957 |
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5,580 |
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Communications |
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3,463 |
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2,691 |
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General and administrative |
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8,136 |
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4,944 |
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Total non-interest expenses |
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140,469 |
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113,210 |
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Income before income taxes |
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190,339 |
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215,359 |
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Income tax expense |
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6,143 |
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9,184 |
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Net income |
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$ |
184,196 |
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$ |
206,175 |
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See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
5
IBG LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
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Three months ended March 31, |
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(dollars in thousands) |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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Cash flows from operating activities: |
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Net income |
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$ |
184,196 |
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$ |
206,175 |
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Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
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Translation (gains) losses |
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(7,677 |
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890 |
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Deferred income taxes |
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(2,714 |
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Depreciation and amortization |
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2,953 |
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3,244 |
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Loss (income) from equity investments in exchanges |
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591 |
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(237 |
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Other |
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29 |
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21 |
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Change in operating assets and liabilities: |
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Increase in cash and securities segregated for regulatory |
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(316,041 |
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(141,569 |
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Increase in securities borrowed |
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(38,693 |
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(1,256,581 |
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Decrease in securities purchased under agreements to resell |
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97,740 |
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1,700 |
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Decrease (increase) in trading assets |
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1,162,118 |
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(1,464,304 |
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Increase in receivables from customers |
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(233,129 |
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(196,250 |
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(Increase) decrease in other receivables |
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(820,811 |
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79,827 |
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Increase in other assets |
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(7,163 |
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(6,712 |
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(Decrease) increase in trading liabilities |
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(108,113 |
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1,268,701 |
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Increase in securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
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17,093 |
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45,180 |
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(Decrease) increase in securities loaned |
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(1,030,296 |
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1,235,965 |
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Increase in payable to customers |
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677,017 |
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330,890 |
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Increase in other payables |
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639,544 |
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104,905 |
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Net cash provided by operating activities |
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216,644 |
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211,845 |
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Cash flows from investing activities: |
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Purchase of investments |
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(9,419 |
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(24,250 |
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Purchase of property and equipment |
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(4,048 |
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(2,425 |
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Net cash used in investing activities |
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(13,467 |
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(26,675 |
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Cash flows from financing activities: |
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Issuance of senior notes |
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112,816 |
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156,637 |
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Redemptions from senior notes |
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(108,810 |
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(125,338 |
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Decrease in short-term borrowings, net |
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(243,224 |
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(118,093 |
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Members contributions |
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201 |
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Members interests redeeemed |
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(1,504 |
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Dividends paid |
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(24,500 |
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(86,000 |
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Net cash used in financing activities |
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(263,718 |
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(174,097 |
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Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |
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(954 |
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(329 |
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Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents |
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(61,495 |
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10,744 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
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669,271 |
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408,232 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
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$ |
607,776 |
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$ |
418,976 |
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Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information: |
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Refinancing of bridge loan receivable |
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$ |
10,018 |
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$ |
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Interest paid |
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$ |
134,178 |
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$ |
82,889 |
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Taxes paid |
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$ |
5,279 |
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$ |
6,563 |
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See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
6
IBG LLC AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES
IN REDEEMABLE MEMBERS INTERESTS
Three months ended March 31, 2007
(Unaudited)
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Total Redeemable |
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Members Interests |
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Redeemable |
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and Accumulated |
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Members Interests |
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Accumulated Other |
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Other |
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and Accumulated |
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Comprehensive |
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Comprehensive |
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(dollars in thousands) |
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Earnings |
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Income |
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Income |
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Balance, January 1, 2007 |
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$ |
2,703,349 |
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$ |
98,568 |
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$ |
2,801,917 |
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Dividends |
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(24,500 |
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(24,500 |
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Members interests redeemed |
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Members contributions |
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Comprehensive income: |
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Net income |
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184,196 |
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184,196 |
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Cumulative translation adjustment |
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4,740 |
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4,740 |
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Total comprehensive income |
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184,196 |
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4,740 |
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188,936 |
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Balance, March 31, 2007 |
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$ |
2,863,045 |
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$ |
103,308 |
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$ |
2,966,353 |
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See accompanying notes to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
7
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
1. Organization and Nature of Business
IBG LLC, formerly known as Interactive Brokers Group LLC, and subsidiaries (the Group) is an automated global market maker and electronic broker specializing in routing orders and processing trades in securities, futures and foreign exchange instruments.
IBG LLC is a Connecticut limited liability company that conducts its business through its operating subsidiaries (collectively called the Operating Companies): Timber Hill LLC (TH LLC), Timber Hill Europe AG (THE), Timber Hill Securities Hong Kong Limited (THSHK), Timber Hill Australia Pty Limited (THA), Timber Hill Canada Company (THC), Interactive Brokers Hungary KFT (IBH), IB Exchange Corp. (IBEC), Interactive Brokers LLC (IB LLC), Interactive Brokers Canada Inc. (IBC) and Interactive Brokers (U.K.) Limited (IBUK). The operations of Timber Hill Hong Kong Limited (THHK) were assumed by THSHK and THHK ceased operating in February 2004 and was liquidated in October 2005. Timber Hill (U.K.) Limited (THUK), a subsidiary of THE, transferred its operations to THE and THUK ceased operating on November 16, 2004.
The Operating Companies are members of various securities and commodities exchanges in the United States, Europe and the Asia/Pacific region. Other than IB LLC, IBUK and IBC, the Operating Companies do not carry securities accounts for customers or perform custodial functions relating to customer securities.
IB LLC, a U.S. broker-dealer and futures commission merchant, conducts electronic brokerage services for customers. IB LLC carries customer securities and commodity accounts and is subject to the regulatory requirements of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act), and the U.S. Commodities Exchange Act.
2. Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of IBG LLC are presented in U.S. dollars and have been prepared pursuant to the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regarding interim financial reporting with respect to Form 10-Q. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (U.S. GAAP) for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in IBG, Inc.s final prospectus filed with the SEC on May 4, 2007 (the Prospectus) for the offering of Class A common stock, par value $0.01 per share (the Common Stock). See Note 12 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information regarding the Recapitalization (as defined in Note 12) and the IPO.
In managements opinion, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all normal, recurring adjustments to present fairly the Groups financial position, results of operations and cash flows for the interim periods presented. The consolidated results of operations and cash flows for the three month period ended March 31, 2007 are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for any future period or for the full year. Gains and losses from foreign currency transactions are included in trading gains and losses where related to market making activities or in other income where related to electronic brokerage activities in the condensed consolidated statements of income. Non-U.S. subsidiaries have a functional currency (i.e., the currency in which activities are primarily conducted) that is other than the U.S. dollar. Such subsidiaries assets and liabilities are translated to U.S. dollars at period-end exchange rates, while revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the year. Adjustments that result from translating amounts from a subsidiarys functional currency to the U.S. dollar are reported in redeemable members interests as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts and disclosures in the condensed consolidated financial
8
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
statements and accompanying notes. Estimates, by their nature, are based on judgment and available information. Therefore, actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Such estimates include the estimated fair value of financial instruments, the estimated useful lives of property and equipment, including capitalized internally developed software, compensation accruals, tax liabilities and estimated contingency reserves.
Fair Value
At March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, substantially all of the Groups assets and liabilities were carried at fair value or at amounts that approximate fair value. The fair value amounts for financial instruments are disclosed in each respective note to the condensed consolidated financial statements.
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Group and its majority and wholly owned subsidiaries. The Groups policy is to consolidate all entities of which it owns more than 50% unless it does not have control. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. At March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, there was a minority interest of $550 and $506, respectively, which was included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. Pursuant to the revised Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation (FIN) No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, the Group would also consolidate any Variable Interest Entities (VIEs) of which it is the primary beneficiary. The Group currently is not the primary beneficiary of any such entities and therefore no VIEs are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Redeemable members interests represent member interests in IBG LLC that are entitled to share in the condensed consolidated profits and losses of the Group. IBG LLC is a private entity owned by the members holding such member interests.
IBG LLC has applied guidance within Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Topic D-98 Classification and Measurement of Redeemable Securities, which requires securities or equity interests of a company whose redemption is outside the control of the company to be classified outside of permanent capital in the statement of financial condition. Historically, the member interests in IBG LLC could be redeemed by the members at book value at their option. Because this redemption right is deemed to be outside of its control, IBG LLC has classified all members capital outside of permanent capital as redeemable members interests in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
Prior to January 2, 2006, selected employees had been granted non-transferable fully vested member interests in IBG LLC. Grants issued before January 1, 2006 were accounted for pursuant to Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees and EITF Issue No. 00-23, Issues Related to the Accounting for Stock Compensation under APB Opinion No. 25 and FIN No. 44. IBG LLC recorded a fixed dollar amount of expense for member interest grants at the date of grant based on managements estimate of fair value, which is book value (as defined in IBG LLCs Agreement as to Member Interest Purchase Rights). Member interests confer ownership rights in IBG LLC and entitle the holder to proportionate rights to future allocable profits and losses of IBG LLC. Under the terms of the agreement, member-employees could only sell their interests back to IBG LLC at any time at book value. Member interest grants were initially accounted for as liabilities until six months elapsed from the date of grant, at which time such liabilities were reclassified to redeemable members interests as members contributions.
The Group adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 123 (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment, a revision of SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation as of January 1, 2006 (SFAS 123R). The Group continued to account for all grants of member interests granted subsequent to December 31, 2005 as liability awards.
9
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Group defines cash equivalents as short-term, highly liquid securities and cash deposits with original maturities of three months or less, other than those used for trading purposes. At March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, foreign currency owned of $362,174 and $279,501 is included in cash and cash equivalents and foreign currency sold of $4,407 and $11,837 is included in short-term borrowings, respectively, and are carried at fair value.
Cash and Securities Segregated for Regulatory Purposes
As a result of customer activities, certain Operating Companies are obligated by rules mandated by their primary regulators including the SEC and the Commodities Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) in the United States and the Financial Services Authority in the United Kingdom to segregate or set aside cash or qualified securities to satisfy such regulations, which regulations have been promulgated to protect customer assets. In addition, substantially all of the Operating Companies are members of various clearing organizations at which cash or securities are deposited as required to conduct day-to-day clearance activities.
Securities Borrowed and Securities Loaned
Securities borrowed and securities loaned are recorded at the amount of cash collateral advanced or received. Securities borrowed transactions require the Group to provide counterparties with collateral, which may be in the form of cash, letters of credit, or other securities. With respect to securities loaned, the Group receives collateral, which may be in the form of cash or other securities in an amount generally in excess of the fair value of the securities loaned.
The Group monitors the market value of securities borrowed and loaned on a daily basis, with additional collateral obtained or refunded as required contractually. Receivables and payables with the same counterparty are not offset in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. For these transactions, the fees received or paid by the Group are recorded as interest income or interest expense in the condensed consolidated statements of income.
Securities Purchased Under Agreements to Resell and Securities Sold Under Agreements to Repurchase
Securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase are treated as collateralized financing transactions and are recorded at contract value, plus accrued interest, which approximates fair value. The Groups policy is to obtain possession of collateral with a fair value equal to or in excess of the principal amount loaned under resale agreements. To ensure that the fair value of the underlying collateral remains sufficient, this collateral is valued daily with additional collateral obtained or excess collateral returned, as required under contractual provisions.
Financial Instruments Owned and Sold, Not Yet Purchased
Stocks, government and corporate bonds, futures and options transactions are reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements on a trade date basis. Substantially all financial instruments owned and financial instruments sold, not yet purchased are recorded at fair value based upon quoted market prices. All firm-owned financial instruments pledged to counterparties where the counterparty has the right, by contract or custom, to sell or repledge the financial instruments are classified as financial instruments owned and pledged as collateral in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
The Group also enters into cross-currency swap transactions. These transactions, which are also reported on a trade date basis, are agreements to exchange a fixed amount of one currency for a specified amount of a second currency at the outset and at completion of the swap term. Unrealized mark-to-market gains and losses on cross-currency swap transactions are reported as components of financial instruments owned or financial instruments sold,
10
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
not yet purchased in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. Net earnings or losses are reported as components of interest income in the condensed consolidated statements of income.
Customer Receivables and Payables
Customer securities transactions are recorded on a settlement date basis and customer commodities transactions are recorded on a trade date basis. Receivables from and payables to customers include amounts due on cash and margin transactions, including futures contracts transacted on behalf of the Groups customers. Securities owned by customers, including those that collateralize margin loans or other similar transactions, are not reported in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
Receivables from and Payables to Brokers, Dealers and Clearing Organizations
Receivables from brokers, dealers and clearing organizations include amounts receivable for securities not delivered by the Group to the purchaser by the settlement date (fails to deliver) and margin deposits. Payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations include amounts payable for securities not received by the Group from a seller by the settlement date (fails to receive). Receivables and payables to brokers, dealers and clearing organizations also include amounts related to futures contracts executed on behalf of the Groups customers as well as net payables and receivables from unsettled trades.
Investments
The Group makes certain strategic investments and accounts for these investments under the equity method of accounting. Investments are accounted for under the equity method of accounting when the Group has significant influence over the investee as required under APB Opinion No. 18, The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock. Investments accounted for under the equity method are recorded at the amount of the Groups investment and adjusted each period for the Groups share of the investees income or loss. The Groups share of the income or losses from equity investments is reported as a component of other income in the condensed consolidated statements of income and the Groups equity investments, which are included in other assets in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, increase or decrease accordingly. Distributions received from equity investees are recorded as reductions to the respective investment balance.
A judgmental aspect of accounting for investments is evaluating whether an other-than-temporary decline in the value of an investment has been sustained. The evaluation of an other-than-temporary impairment is dependent on specific quantitative and qualitative factors and circumstances surrounding an investment, including recurring operating losses, credit defaults and subsequent rounds of financing. As none of the Groups investments have readily determinable market values, the primary factor considered by Group management in assessing if an other-than-temporary impairment of value has occurred is the financial condition of the investee company. All investments are reviewed for changes in circumstances or occurrence of events that suggest the Groups investment may not be recoverable. If an unrealized loss on any investment is considered to be other than temporary, the loss is recognized in the period the determination is made.
The Group also holds exchange memberships and investments in equity securities of certain exchanges as required to qualify as a clearing member. Such investments are recorded at cost or, if an other-than-temporary impairment in value has occurred, at a value that reflects managements estimate of the impairment, and are included in other assets in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition. Dividends are recognized as a component of other income as such dividends are received.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment consist of purchased technology hardware and software, internally developed software, leasehold improvements and office furniture and equipment. Property and equipment are recorded at historical cost, less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Additions and improvements that extend the lives of assets are capitalized, while expenditures for repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred. Depreciation and amortization are computed using the straight-line method. Equipment is depreciated over the estimated useful lives
11
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
of the assets, while leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the estimated economic useful life of the asset or the term of the lease, generally three to seven years. Computer equipment is depreciated over three to five years and office furniture and equipment are depreciated over five to seven years. Qualifying costs for internally developed software are capitalized and amortized over the expected useful life of the developed software, not to exceed three years.
Comprehensive Income
Comprehensive income consists of two components: net income and other comprehensive income. Other comprehensive income refers to revenues, expenses, gains and losses that are included in redeemable members interests but are excluded from net income. The Groups other comprehensive income is comprised of foreign currency translation adjustments.
The local currency is designated as the functional currency for the Groups international operating companies. Accordingly, assets and liabilities are translated into U.S. dollars at year-end exchange rates, and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates prevailing during the year. Translation gains and losses, from market making activities, are included in trading gains in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income. Adjustments that result from translating amounts from a subsidiarys functional currency are reported as a component of redeemable members interests.
Revenue Recognition
Trading Gains
Trading gains and losses are recorded on trade date, and are reported on a net basis. Net trading gains are comprised of changes in the fair value of trading assets and liabilities (i.e., unrealized gains and losses) and realized gains and losses. Dividends are integral to the valuation of stocks bought and sold and, accordingly, are reported on a net basis as a component of trading gains in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income.
Commissions and Execution Fees
Commissions charged for executing and clearing customer transactions are accrued on a trade date basis and are reported as commissions and execution fees in the condensed consolidated statements of income, and the related expenses are reported as execution and clearing expenses, also on a trade date basis.
Income Taxes
The Group accounts for income taxes in accordance with SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes, which requires the recognition of tax benefits or expenses on the temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax bases of assets and liabilities. In June 2006, the FASB issued FIN No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109. FIN No. 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty of income tax positions recognized in financial statements in accordance with SFAS No. 109. FIN No. 48 prescribes a more likely than not threshold and measurement attribute for recognition in the financial statements of an asset or liability resulting from a tax position taken or expected to be taken in an income tax return.
FIN No. 48 was adopted by the Group as of January 1, 2007. As a result of adoption and as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2007, the Group had no unrecognized tax benefits. Accordingly, no adjustments were required to be made to existing income tax assets or liabilities and no new income tax assets or liabilities were recognized.
The Group operates in the United States as a limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, the Groups income is not subject to U.S. federal income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners.
Income taxes shown on the Groups condensed consolidated statements of income are primarily attributable to taxes incurred in non-U.S. entities. State and local income taxes reported in the condensed consolidated statements of income represent taxes assessed by jurisdictions that do not recognize the Groups limited liability company
12
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
status. Outside the United States, the Group principally operates through subsidiary corporations and is subject to local income taxes. Foreign income taxes paid on dividends received are also reported as income taxes.
The Group recognizes interest related to income tax matters as interest expense and penalties related to income tax matters as income tax expense.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurements. SFAS No. 157 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value and requires enhanced disclosures about fair value measurements. SFAS No. 157 requires companies to disclose the fair value of financial instruments according to a fair value hierarchy (i.e., levels 1, 2, and 3, as defined). Additionally, companies are required to provide enhanced disclosure regarding instruments in the level 3 category, including a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances separately for each major category of assets and liabilities. SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 and for interim periods within those fiscal years. Adoption of SFAS No. 157 is not expected to have a material effect on the Groups condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, income or cash flows.
In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115. SFAS No. 159 permits entities to choose, at specified election dates, to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value that are not currently required to be measured at fair value. SFAS No. 159 is effective for financial statements issued for an entitys first fiscal year beginning after November 15, 2007. Adoption of SFAS No. 159 is not expected to have a material effect on the Groups condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, income or cash flows.
3. Trading Activities and Related Risks
The Groups trading activities include providing securities market maker and brokerage services. Trading activities expose the Group to market and credit risks. These risks are managed in accordance with established risk management policies and procedures. To accomplish this, management has established a risk management process that includes:
· A regular review of the risk management process by executive management as part of its oversight role;
· Defined risk management policies and procedures supported by a rigorous analytic framework; and
· Articulated risk tolerance levels as defined by executive management that are regularly reviewed to ensure that the Groups risk-taking is consistent with its business strategy, capital structure, and current and anticipated market conditions.
Market Risk
IBG LLC is exposed to various market risks. Exposures to market risks arise from equity price risk, foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations and changes in interest rates which impact our variable rate debt obligations.
The Group seeks to mitigate market risk associated with trading inventories by employing hedging strategies that correlate rate, price and spread movements of trading inventories and related financing and hedging activities. The Group uses a combination of cash instruments and exchange traded derivatives to hedge its market exposures. The following discussion describes the types of market risk faced by the Group:
Equity price risk arises from the possibility that equity security prices will fluctuate, affecting the value of equity securities and other instruments that derive their value from a particular stock, a defined basket of stocks, or a stock index. The Group is subject to equity price risk primarily in securities owned and
13
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
securities sold, not yet purchased. The Group attempts to limit such risks by diversifying its portfolio across many different options, futures and underlying securities and avoiding concentrations of positions based on the same underlying security.
Currency risk arises from the possibility that fluctuations in foreign exchange rates will impact the value of financial instruments. Exchange rate contracts include cross-currency swaps and currency futures contracts. Currency swaps are agreements to exchange future payments in one currency for payments in another currency. These agreements are used to effectively convert assets or liabilities denominated in different currencies. Currency futures are contracts for delayed delivery of currency at a specified future date. The Group uses currency swaps to manage the levels of its non-U.S. dollar currency balances and currency cash and futures to hedge its global exposure.
Interest Rate Risk
Interest rate risk arises from the possibility that changes in interest rates will affect the value of financial instruments. The Group is exposed to interest rate risk on variable-rate debt, cash and margin balances and positions carried in equity securities, options and futures. These risks are managed through investment policies and by entering into interest rate futures contracts.
The Group is exposed to risk of loss if an individual, counterparty or issuer fails to perform its obligations under contractual terms (default risk). Both cash instruments and derivatives expose the Group to default risk. The Group has established policies and procedures for mitigating credit risk on principal transactions, including reviewing and establishing limits for credit exposure, maintaining collateral, and continually assessing the creditworthiness of counterparties.
In the normal course of business, the Group executes, settles and finances various customer securities transactions. Execution of these transactions includes the purchase and sale of securities by the Group that exposes the Group to default risk arising from the potential that customers or counterparties may fail to satisfy their obligations. In these situations, the Group may be required to purchase or sell financial instruments at unfavorable market prices to satisfy obligations to customers or counterparties. The Group seeks to control the risks associated with its customer margin activities by requiring customers to maintain collateral in compliance with regulatory and internal guidelines.
Liabilities to other brokers and dealers related to unsettled transactions (i.e., securities failed-to-receive) are recorded at the amount for which the securities were purchased, and are paid upon receipt of the securities from other brokers or dealers. In the case of aged securities failed-to-receive, the Group may purchase the underlying security in the market and seek reimbursement for any losses from the counterparty.
The Group enters into securities purchased under agreements to resell and securities sold under agreements to repurchase transactions (repos) in addition to securities borrowing and lending arrangements, all of which may result in credit exposure in the event the counterparty to a transaction is unable to fulfill its contractual obligations. In accordance with industry practice, repos are collateralized by securities with a market value in excess of the obligation under the contract. Similarly, securities borrowed and loaned agreements are collateralized by deposits of cash. The Group attempts to minimize credit risk associated with these activities by monitoring collateral values on a daily basis and requiring additional collateral to be deposited with or returned to the Group when deemed necessary.
The Groups exposure to credit risk associated with its trading and other activities is measured on an individual counterparty basis, as well as by groups of counterparties that share similar attributes. Concentrations of credit risk can be affected by changes in political, industry, or economic factors. To reduce the potential for risk
14
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
concentration, credit limits are established and exposure is monitored in light of changing counterparty and market conditions.
The Group may be exposed to a risk of loss not reflected in the condensed consolidated financial statements for certain derivative instruments, including equity options and futures products and for securities sold, but not yet purchased, which represent obligations of the Group to deliver specified securities at contracted prices, which may create a liability to repurchase them in the market at prevailing prices. Accordingly, these transactions result in off-balance sheet risk as the Groups cost to liquidate such securities and futures contracts may exceed the amount reported in the Groups condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
4. Financial Instruments Owned and Sold, But Not Yet Purchased, at Fair Value
Financial instruments owned and sold, but not yet purchased consisted of securities, at quoted market prices, as follows:
|
|
March 31, 2007 |
|
December 31, 2006 |
|
||||||||
|
|
|
|
Sold, But Not |
|
|
|
Sold But Not |
|
||||
|
|
Owned |
|
Yet Purchased |
|
Owned |
|
Yet Purchased |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
Stocks |
|
$ |
9,179,372 |
|
$ |
9,748,920 |
|
$ |
10,596,252 |
|
$ |
9,761,798 |
|
Options |
|
4,875,714 |
|
4,964,282 |
|
4,597,737 |
|
5,022,253 |
|
||||
U.S. and foreign government obligations |
|
506,696 |
|
|
|
494,362 |
|
|
|
||||
Warrants |
|
79,035 |
|
|
|
83,322 |
|
|
|
||||
Corporate bonds |
|
4,428 |
|
59 |
|
4,862 |
|
54 |
|
||||
Discount certificates |
|
50,162 |
|
|
|
41,040 |
|
1,408 |
|
||||
Currency forward contracts |
|
4,479 |
|
6,367 |
|
227 |
|
104 |
|
||||
|
|
|
|
$ |
14,719,628 |
|
$ |
15,817,802 |
|
$ |
14,785,617 |
|
|
5. Investments and Notes Receivable
The Group has made strategic investments in electronic trading exchanges Boston Options Exchange, LLC, OneChicago LLC, ISE Stock Exchange, LLC and CBOE Stock Exchange, LLC.
In December 2006, the Group lent $10 million to W.R. Hambrecht + Co., Inc. (Hambrecht) under a senior secured promissory note at the rate of 15% per annum and maturing on January 23, 2007. The original maturity was subsequently extended to February 5, 2007 at which date it matured. The Group also had a commitment to lend Hambrecht $16 million as part of a three-year senior secured promissory note at December 31, 2006.
At March 31, 2007, the Group had notes receivable from Hambrecht with a par amount of $19.2 million. The notes receivable bear interest at 8% per annum, payable semi-annually. In conjunction with the notes receivable, the Group received warrants to purchase Series C common stock of Hambrecht at $0.01 per share, representing 25.48% of the fully diluted common shares of Hambrechts capital stock and two seats on Hambrechts board of directors.
15
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
6. Senior Notes Payable
At March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, IBG LLC had $154,604 and $150,598 of 7% per annum, senior notes outstanding, which were privately placed to certain qualified customers of IB LLC. All of the senior notes outstanding at March 31, 2007 have either a 15-month or an 18-month maturity. IBG LLC may, solely at its option, redeem the senior notes at any time on or after a specified date in the third month or the sixth month, respectively, after the date on which the senior notes are issued and sold (the Optional Redemption Date), at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the senior notes to be redeemed plus accrued interest. Historically, IBG LLC has redeemed these senior notes at their Optional Redemption Dates which makes these notes short-term in nature. The carrying value of the senior notes approximates their fair value.
7. Senior Secured Credit Facility
In May 2006, the Group entered into a 3-year $300 million revolving credit facility with a syndicate of banks, of which $150 million was borrowed in May 2006. As of March 31, 2007, the interest rate on the credit facility, which is indexed to LIBOR, was 5.92% per annum. The carrying value of the credit facility approximates its fair value since borrowings under the facility could be paid down at any time from available funds, making such borrowings short-term in nature. The credit facility is secured by a first priority interest in all of the capital stock of each entity owned directly by IBG LLC (subject to customary limitations with respect to foreign subsidiaries), and loans and advances to, and other intercompany obligations owed by, each entity owned directly or indirectly by IBG LLC.
The financial covenants on the Group under the terms of the credit facility are:
· minimum net worth (redeemable members interests) of $1.5 billion, with quarterly increases equal to 25% of positive consolidated net income;
· maximum total debt to capitalization (including redeemable members interests) ratio of 30%;
· minimum liquidity (unencumbered marketable securities and other liquid financial assets divided by unsecured short-term (maturities of less than one year) liabilities) ratio of 1.0 to 1.0; and
· maximum total debt to net consolidated regulatory capital ratio of 35%.
As of March 31, 2007, the Group was in compliance with all of the covenants under the credit facility.
8. Defined Contribution and Employee Incentive Plans
Defined Contribution Plan
The Group offers substantially all employees of U.S.-based Operating Companies who have met minimum service requirements the opportunity to participate in defined contribution retirement plans qualifying under the provisions of Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. The general purpose of these plans is to provide employees with an incentive to make regular savings in order to provide additional financial security during retirement. These plans provide for the Group to match 50% of the employees pre-tax contributions, up to a maximum of 10% of eligible earnings. Employees become vested in the matching contributions incrementally over six years.
16
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
Employee Incentive Plans
See Note 12 to the condensed consolidated financial statements for information regarding changes to the Groups employee incentive plans and the adoption of new plans by IBG, Inc. subsequent to March 31, 2007 in connection with the Recapitalization and the IPO.
Return on Investment Dollar Units (ROI Dollar Units): Since 1998, IBG LLC has granted all non-member employees ROI Dollar Units, which are redeemable under the amended provisions of the plan, and in accordance with regulations issued by the Internal Revenue Service (Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code). Upon redemption, the grantee is entitled to accumulated earnings on the face value of the certificate, but not the actual face value. For grants made in 1998 and 1999, grantees may redeem the ROI Dollar Units after vesting on the fifth anniversary of the date of their grant and prior to the tenth anniversary of the date of their grant. For grants made between January 1, 2000 and January 1, 2005, grantees must elect to redeem the ROI Dollar Units upon the fifth, seventh or tenth anniversary date. These ROI Dollar Units will vest upon the fifth anniversary of the date of their grant and will continue to accumulate earnings until the elected redemption date. For grants made on or after January 1, 2006, all ROI Dollar Units shall vest on the fifth anniversary date of their grant and will be automatically redeemed.
As of March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, payables to employees for ROI Dollar Units were $36,149 and $39,644, respectively, of which $18,984 and $14,003, respectively, were vested. These amounts are included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition.
Redeemable Members Interests: Prior to January 2, 2006, selected employees had been granted non-transferable member interests in IBG LLC, which conferred ownership rights in IBG LLC and entitled the holders to their proportionate share of the consolidated profits and losses of IBG LLC based on their holding percentages beginning on the date of the grant.
The Agreement as to Member Interest Purchase Rights (the Agreement) gave IBG LLC the right to repurchase any members interests at its discretion at any time which, in particular, was triggered by the termination of employment of a member-employee, and also permitted members to sell their interests back to IBG LLC at any time, in every case for an amount equal to managements estimate of fair value, which is book value as defined in the Agreement. Because IBG LLC places a high value on the retention of its key employees, payment for a portion of redeemed interests was contingent on a post-redemption consulting services requirement that, among other conditions, required that a member-employee not compete with IBG LLC in any area of its businesses for five years following the date of redemption. In order to enforce these terms, payment for one-half of the redeemed interests was, under normal conditions, made within five months after the redemption date. Payment for the remaining one-half of the redeemed interests was made five years hence, subject to satisfaction of the consulting services and non-compete provisions of the Agreement. IBG LLC recognized compensation expense equal to the granted interest at the time of grant. If and when the terms of the five-year consulting and non-compete period were satisfied, IBG LLC recorded a distribution of redeemable members interests at such time as the remaining payment was made to the member-employee. Should any portion of a member-employees interests be forfeited, such forfeited member interests would be redistributed among the remaining members in proportion to their holding percentages.
9. Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
Litigation
The Group is subject to certain pending and threatened legal actions which arise out of the normal course of business. Litigation is inherently unpredictable, particularly in proceedings where claimants seek substantial or indeterminate damages, or which are in their early stages. The Group cannot predict with certainty the actual loss or range of loss related to such legal proceedings, the manner in which they will be resolved, the timing of final resolution or the ultimate settlement. Consequently, the Group cannot estimate losses or ranges of losses related to such legal matters, even in instances where it is reasonably possible that a future loss will be incurred. In the opinion of management, after consultation with counsel, the resolution of all ongoing legal proceedings will not have a material adverse effect on the condensed consolidated financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of the Group. The Group accounts for potential losses related to litigation in accordance with SFAS No. 5
17
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
Accounting for Contingencies. As of March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006, reserves provided for potential losses related to litigation matters were not material.
Leases
Operating Companies have non-cancelable operating leases covering office space. All but one of the office space leases are subject to escalation clauses based on specified costs incurred by the respective landlords and contain renewal elections. In November 2005, the leases on the primary U.S. office space for the Group and its affiliates were renegotiated through January 2014, with renewal options through January 2026.
As of March 31, 2007, the Groups minimum annual lease commitments are as follows:
Year |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007 (remaining) |
|
$ |
5,569 |
|
2008 |
|
6,839 |
|
|
2009 |
|
6,469 |
|
|
2010 |
|
6,091 |
|
|
2011 |
|
6,181 |
|
|
Thereafter |
|
13,934 |
|
|
|
|
$ |
45,083 |
|
Guarantees
Certain of the Operating Companies provide guarantees to securities clearing houses and exchanges which meet the accounting definition of a guarantee under FIN No. 45, Guarantors Accounting and Disclosure Requirements for Guarantees, Including Indirect Guarantees of Indebtedness of Others. Under the standard membership agreement, members are required to guarantee collectively the performance of other members. Under the agreements, if another member becomes unable to satisfy its obligations to the clearinghouse, other members would be required to meet shortfalls. In the opinion of management, the Operating Companies liability under these arrangements is not quantifiable and could exceed the cash and securities they have posted as collateral. However, the potential for these Operating Companies to be required to make payments under these arrangements is remote. Accordingly, no contingent liability is carried on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition for these arrangements.
In connection with its retail brokerage business, IB LLC performs securities and commodities execution, clearance and settlement on behalf of its customers for whom it commits to settle trades submitted by such customers with the respective clearing houses. If a customer fails to fulfill its obligation, IB LLC must fulfill the customers obligation with the trade counterparty.
IB LLC is fully secured by assets in customers accounts and any proceeds received from securities and commodities transactions entered into by IB LLC on behalf of customers. No contingent liability is carried on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition for these fully collateralized transactions.
Other Commitments
Certain clearing houses and clearing banks and firms used by certain Operating Companies are given a security interest in certain assets of those Operating Companies held by those clearing organizations. These assets may be applied to satisfy the obligations of those Operating Companies to the respective clearing organizations.
10. Segment and Geographic Information
The Group operates in two business segments, market making and electronic brokerage. The Group conducts its market making business through its Timber Hill subsidiaries on the worlds leading exchanges and
18
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
market centers, primarily in exchange-traded equities, equity options and equity-index options and futures. The Group conducts its electronic brokerage business through its Interactive Brokers subsidiaries, which provide electronic execution and clearing services to customers worldwide.
There are significant transactions and balances between the Operating Companies, primarily as a result of certain Operating Companies holding exchange or clearing organization memberships, which are utilized to provide execution and clearing services to affiliates. Intra-segment and intra-region income and expenses and related balances have been eliminated in this segment and geographic information in order to accurately reflect the external business conducted in each segment or geographical region. Rates on transactions between segments are designed to approximate full costs. Corporate items include non-allocated corporate income and expenses that are not attributed to segments for performance measurement, corporate assets and eliminations.
Management believes that the following information by business segment provides a reasonable representation of each segments contribution to total net revenues, income before income taxes and to total assets as of March 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 and for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006 were:
|
|
Three months ended March 31, |
|
||||
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
||
Net revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Market making |
|
$ |
233,294 |
|
$ |
263,075 |
|
Electronic brokerage |
|
94,500 |
|
65,159 |
|
||
Corporate and eliminations |
|
3,014 |
|
335 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Total net revenues |
|
$ |
330,808 |
|
$ |
328,569 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Income before income taxes: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Market making |
|
$ |
154,011 |
|
$ |
194,559 |
|
Electronic brokerage |
|
34,672 |
|
21,844 |
|
||
Corporate and eliminations |
|
1,656 |
|
(1,044 |
) |
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Total income before income taxes |
|
$ |
190,339 |
|
$ |
215,359 |
|
|
|
March 31, |
|
December 31, |
|
||
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
||
Segment assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Market making |
|
$ |
27,477,686 |
|
$ |
28,007,880 |
|
Electronic brokerage |
|
5,513,417 |
|
4,761,244 |
|
||
Corporate and eliminations |
|
(742,415 |
) |
(688,606 |
) |
||
Total Assets |
|
$ |
32,248,688 |
|
$ |
32,080,518 |
|
19
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
The Group operates in both U.S. and international markets on more than 60 exchanges and market centers. A significant portion of the Groups net revenues are generated by consolidated subsidiaries operating outside the United States, primarily THE, which is operated and managed in Zug, Switzerland. International operations are comprised of market making and electronic brokerage activities in 23 countries in Europe, Asia and North America (outside the United States). The following table presents total net revenues and income before income taxes by geographic area for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006:
|
Three months ended March 31, |
|
|||||
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
||
Net revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
United States |
|
$ |
246,592 |
|
$ |
257,190 |
|
International |
|
82,478 |
|
70,435 |
|
||
Corporate and eliminations |
|
1,738 |
|
944 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Total net revenues |
|
$ |
330,808 |
|
$ |
328,569 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Income before income taxes: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
United States |
|
$ |
152,496 |
|
$ |
176,219 |
|
International |
|
37,455 |
|
39,577 |
|
||
Corporate and eliminations |
|
388 |
|
(437 |
) |
||
Total income before income taxes |
|
$ |
190,339 |
|
$ |
215,359 |
|
11. Regulatory Requirements
TH LLC and IB LLC are subject to the Uniform Net Capital Rule (Rule 15c3-1) under the Exchange Act and the CFTCs minimum financial requirements (Regulation 1.17). At March 31, 2007, TH LLC had net capital of $948,392, which was $933,879 in excess of required net capital of $14,513, and IB LLC had net capital of $287,502, which was $256,985 in excess of required net capital of $30,517.
THE is subject to the Swiss National Bank eligible equity requirement. At March 31, 2007, THE had eligible equity of $645,200 which was $432,515 in excess of the minimum requirement of $212,685.
THSHK is subject to the Hong Kong Securities Futures Commission liquid capital requirement, THA is subject to the Australian Stock Exchange liquid capital requirement, THC and IBC are subject to the Investment Dealers Association of Canada risk-adjusted capital requirement and IBUK is subject to the U.K. Financial Services Authority financial resources requirement.
At March 31, 2007 all of the Operating Companies were in compliance with their respective regulatory capital requirements.
Regulatory capital requirements could restrict the Operating Companies from expanding their business and declaring dividends if their net capital does not meet regulatory requirements. Also, certain entities within the Group are subject to other regulatory restrictions and requirements.
12. Subsequent Events
Initial Public Offering and Recapitalization
On May 3, 2007, IBG, Inc. priced its initial public offering of shares of Common Stock. In connection with the IPO, IBG, Inc. purchased 10.0% of the membership interests in IBG LLC, from IBG Holdings LLC, became the sole managing member of IBG LLC and began to consolidate IBG LLCs financial results into its financial statements. Such transactions are collectively referred to herein as the Recapitalization. Because the
20
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
Recapitalization occurred subsequent to the end of the period covered by this report, the historical condensed consolidated financial statements contained herein reflect the historical financial position, results of operations and cash flows of the Group for all periods presented. Accordingly, the historical condensed consolidated financial statements do not reflect what the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of IBG, Inc. or the Group would have been had these companies been stand-alone public companies for the periods presented. Specifically, the historical results of operations of the Group do not give effect to the following matters:
· The Recapitalization.
· U.S. corporate federal income taxes, since the Group operates in the U.S. as a limited liability company that is treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Historically, the Groups income was not subject to U.S. federal income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by partnerships represent obligations of the individual partners. Income taxes shown on the Groups condensed consolidated statements of income are primarily attributable to taxes incurred by non-U.S. entities. State and local income taxes reported in the condensed consolidated statement of income represent taxes assessed by jurisdictions that do not recognize the Groups limited liability company status. Outside the United States, the Group principally operates through subsidiary corporations and is subject to local income taxes. Foreign income taxes paid on dividends received are also reported as income taxes. Subsequent to the consummation of the IPO, the consolidated financial statements of IBG, Inc. will include U.S. federal income taxes on its allocable share of the results of operations of the Group, after giving effect to the post-IPO corporate structure.
· Minority interest expense reflecting IBG Holdings LLCs ownership of approximately 90% of the IBG LLC membership interests outstanding immediately after the IPO.
Initial Public Offering
On May 9, 2007, IBG, Inc. issued, at $30.01 per share, 40,000,000 shares (1,000,000,000 shares authorized) of its Common Stock in an initial public offering pursuant to the Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-138955) (the Registration Statement). The aggregate gross proceeds from the IPO amounted to $1,200.4 million. Net proceeds of $1,177.9 million, after placement agency fees, were paid to IBG Holdings LLC in exchange for a 10.0% interest in IBG LLC. Other offering expenses of $5.5 million were paid by IBG LLC.
Recapitalization
Immediately prior to and immediately following the consummation of the IPO, IBG, Inc., IBG Holdings LLC, IBG LLC and the members of IBG LLC consummated a series of transactions collectively referred to here in as the Recapitalization. In connection with the Recapitalization, IBG, Inc., IBG Holdings LLC and the historical members of IBG LLC entered into an exchange agreement, dated as of May 3, 2007 (the Exchange Agreement), pursuant to which the historical members of IBG LLC received membership interests in IBG Holdings LLC in exchange for their membership interests in IBG LLC. Additionally, IBG, Inc. became the sole managing member of IBG LLC.
In connection with the consummation of the IPO, IBG Holdings LLC used the net proceeds to redeem 10% of members interests in IBG Holdings LLC in proportion to their interests. Immediately following the Recapitalization and IPO, IBG Holdings LLC owned approximately 90% of IBG LLC and 100% of IBG, Inc.s Class B common stock, which has voting power in IBG, Inc. proportionate to the extent of IBG Holdings LLCs ownership of IBG LLC.
The Exchange Agreement also provides for future redemptions of member interests and for the purchase of member interests in IBG LLC by IBG, Inc. from IBG Holdings LLC, which is expected to result in IBG, Inc. acquiring the remaining member interests in IBG LLC that it does not own. On an annual basis, holders of IBG Holdings LLC member interests will be able to request redemption of such member interests over an eight (8) year period following
21
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
the initial public offering; 12.5% annually for seven (7) years and 2.5% in the eighth year. The primary manner in which the redemption price is expected to be paid is from the proceeds from sales of additional shares of Common Stock. 360 million shares of authorized Common Stock have been reserved for such future sales.
Employee Incentive Plans
Subsequent to March 31, 2007, in connection with the Recapitalization and the IPO, IBG, Inc. adopted the 2007 Stock Incentive Plan and the 2007 ROI Unit Stock Plan, each of which is discussed below.
2007 Stock Incentive Plan
Under the Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (the Stock Incentive Plan), up to 9.2 million shares of Common Stock may be granted and issued to directors, officers, employees, contractors and consultants of IBG, Inc. and its subsidiaries. The purpose of the Stock Incentive Plan is to promote IBG, Inc.s long-term financial success by attracting, retaining and rewarding eligible participants.
The Stock Incentive Plan is administered by the Compensation Committee of IBG, Inc.s Board of Directors. The Compensation Committee has discretionary authority to determine which employees are eligible to participate in the Stock Incentive Plan. The Compensation Committee establishes the terms and conditions of the awards under the Stock Incentive Plan, including the number of awards offered to each employee and all other terms and conditions applicable to such awards in individual grant agreements. Awards are expected to be made primarily through grants of Common Stock. The Stock Incentive Plan will provide that awards will be subject to issuance over time and may be forfeited upon an employees termination of employment or violation of certain applicable covenants prior to issuance, unless determined otherwise by the Compensation Committee.
The Stock Incentive Plan provides that, upon a change in control, the Compensation Committee may, at its discretion, fully vest any granted but unissued shares of Common Stock awarded under the Stock Incentive Plan, or provide that any such granted but unissued shares of Common Stock will be honored or assumed, or new rights substituted therefor by the new employer on a substantially similar basis and on terms and conditions substantially comparable to those of the Stock Incentive Plan.
IBG, Inc. granted awards in connection with the IPO and is expected to continue to grant awards on or about January 1 of each year following the IPO, to specific employees as part of an overall plan of equity compensation. The shares of Common Stock to be granted at the time of the IPO will be issued in accordance with the following schedule:
· 10% on the date of the IPO; and
· an additional 15% on each of the first six anniversaries of the date of the IPO, assuming continued employment with IBG, Inc. and compliance with non-competition and other applicable covenants.
Pursuant to the terms of the Stock Incentive Plan adopted in connection with the IPO, liabilities for member interest grants of $14,674 as of December 31, 2006 will be distributed to member employees over the next six (6) years from the date of the IPO in the form of shares of Common Stock. Such distributions will be made as follows: 10% at the time of the initial public offering and 15% annually on the six subsequent anniversaries of the IPO. Additionally, non-member employees were granted $8,229 in the form of shares of Common Stock, which shares will be distributed over the next six (6) years from the date of the IPO on the above described distribution schedule.
2007 ROI Unit Stock Plan
Certain employees of IBG LLC currently hold ROI Dollar Units (as described in Note 8) that entitle each holder thereof to accumulated earnings on the face value of the certificate representing his or her ROI Dollar Units. Subsequent to the IPO, no additional ROI Dollar Units will be granted. Non-cash compensation to employees will consist primarily of grants of shares of Common Stock as described above under 2007 Stock Incentive Plan. In
22
IBG LLC and Subsidiaries
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Continued)
(Unaudited)
(dollars in thousands, except per share amounts or unless otherwise noted)
connection with the IPO, ROI Dollar Units were, at the employees option, redeemable for cash as currently provided for under the current ROI Dollar Unit plan, or the accumulated earnings attributable to the ROI Dollar Units as of December 31, 2006 may have been elected to be invested in shares of Common Stock pursuant to the Interactive Brokers Group, Inc. 2007 ROI Unit Stock Plan (the ROI Unit Stock Plan). Shares of Common Stock to be issued under the ROI Unit Stock Plan will be distributed in accordance with the following schedule, subject to the conditions below:
· 10% on the date of the IPO (or on the first anniversary of the IPO, in the case of U.S. ROI Unit holders who made the above-referenced elections after December 31, 2006); and
· an additional 15% on each of the first six anniversaries of the date of the IPO (or on each of the next six anniversaries of the date of the IPO, in the case of U.S. ROI Unit holders who made the above-referenced elections after December 31, 2006), assuming continued employment with IBG, Inc. and compliance with other applicable covenants.
Distributions to Members
Distributions to members, which historically have been made to assist members in meeting their income tax obligations with respect to their proportionate share of the Groups profits, are made at the discretion of the managing member in proportion to the respective members percentage interests. On April 16, 2007, IBG LLCs managing member approved and paid a cash dividend to the members of IBG LLC totaling $134,000.
******
23
ITEM 1A. UNAUDITED PRO FORMA FINANCIAL INFORMATION
As described below and elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the historical results of operations and financial condition prior to May 3, 2007, the date of the Recapitalization and the IPO, are not comparable to the results of operations and financial condition of IBG, Inc. for subsequent periods. Accordingly, for periods prior to May 3, 2007, IBG, Inc. believes that pro forma results and financial condition provide the most meaningful basis for comparison of historical periods.
The following unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of income for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006 and the unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition as of March 31, 2007 present the consolidated results of operations and financial position of IBG, Inc. assuming that the Recapitalization and the IPO had been completed as of January 1, 2006 with respect to the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income data, and at March 31, 2007 with respect to the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of financial condition data. The unaudited pro forma consolidated financial statements reflect pro forma adjustments that are described in the accompanying notes and are based on available information and certain assumptions we believe are reasonable, but are subject to change. We have made, in our opinion, all adjustments that are necessary to present fairly the pro forma financial data.
As a result of the Recapitalization, we became the sole managing member of IBG LLC and, as such, we operate and control all of the business and affairs of IBG LLC and its subsidiaries and are able to consolidate IBG LLCs financial results into our financial statements. We reflect IBG Holdings LLCs ownership interest as a minority interest in our statement of financial condition and statement of income. Our historical results are those of IBG LLC. As a result, our net income, after excluding IBG Holdings LLCs minority interest, represents approximately 10% of IBG LLCs net income, and similarly, outstanding shares of our common stock represent approximately 10% of the outstanding membership interests of IBG LLC.
The unaudited pro forma financial statements of IBG, Inc. should be read together with the Groups audited consolidated financial statements and related notes included in IBG, Inc.s prospectus (the Prospectus) dated May 3, 2007 and filed with the SEC on May 4, 2007, the Registration Statement, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the Groups historical unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere herein.
The unaudited pro forma financial data is presented for informational purposes only and should not be considered indicative of actual results of operations that would have been achieved had the Recapitalization and the IPO been consummated on the dates indicated and do not purport to be indicative of balance sheet data or results of operations as of any future date or for any future period.
24
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Income
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 |
|
|||||||
|
|
Historical |
|
Adjustments |
|
ProForma(1) |
|
|||
Statement of Income Data: |
|
(dollars in millions except share and per share data) |
|
|||||||
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Trading gains |
|
$ |
198.8 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
198.8 |
|
Commissions and execution fees |
|
56.3 |
|
|
|
56.3 |
|
|||
Interest income |
|
184.5 |
|
|
|
184.5 |
|
|||
Other income |
|
24.7 |
|
|
|
24.7 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Total revenues |
|
464.3 |
|
|
|
464.3 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Interest expense |
|
133.5 |
|
|
|
133.5 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Total net revenues |
|
330.8 |
|
|
|
330.8 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Non-interest expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Execution and clearing |
|
90.2 |
|
|
|
90.2 |
|
|||
Employee compensation and benefits |
|
32.8 |
|
|
|
32.8 |
|
|||
Occupancy, depreciation and amortization |
|
6.0 |
|
|
|
6.0 |
|
|||
Communications |
|
3.4 |
|
|
|
3.4 |
|
|||
General and administrative(2) |
|
8.1 |
|
0.0 |
|
8.1 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Total non-interest expenses |
|
140.5 |
|
0.0 |
|
140.5 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Income before income tax |
|
190.3 |
|
(0.0 |
) |
190.3 |
|
|||
Income tax expense(3),(4) |
|
6.1 |
|
5.9 |
|
12.0 |
|
|||
Less Minority interest(5) |
|
|
|
(165.9 |
) |
(165.9 |
) |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Net income |
|
$ |
184.2 |
|
$ |
(171.8) |
|
$ |
12.4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Earnings per share(6): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Basic |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.31 |
|
||
Diluted |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.31 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Weighted average common shares outstanding |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Basic |
|
|
|
|
|
40,000,100 |
|
|||
Diluted |
|
|
|
|
|
401,257,739 |
|
See accompanying notes to unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of income.
25
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Income
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2006 |
|
|||||||
|
|
Historical |
|
Adjustments |
|
Pro Forma(1) |
|
|||
Statement of Income Data: |
|
(dollars in millions except share and per share data) |
|
|||||||
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Trading gains |
|
$ |
225.4 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
225.4 |
|
Commissions and execution fees |
|
39.4 |
|
|
|
39.4 |
|
|||
Interest income |
|
132.1 |
|
|
|
132.1 |
|
|||
Other income |
|
25.5 |
|
|
|
25.5 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Total revenues |
|
422.4 |
|
|
|
422.4 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Interest expense |
|
93.8 |
|
|
|
93.8 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Total net revenues |
|
328.6 |
|
|
|
328.6 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Non-interest expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Execution and clearing |
|
71.3 |
|
|
|
71.3 |
|
|||
Employee compensation and benefits |
|
28.7 |
|
|
|
28.7 |
|
|||
Occupancy, depreciation and amortization |
|
5.5 |
|
|
|
5.5 |
|
|||
Communications |
|
2.7 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
|||
General and administrative(2) |
|
5.0 |
|
0.0 |
|
5.0 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Total non-interest expenses |
|
113.2 |
|
0.0 |
|
113.2 |
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Income before income tax |
|
215.4 |
|
(0.0 |
) |
215.4 |
|
|||
Income tax expense(3),(4) |
|
9.2 |
|
6.8 |
|
16.0 |
|
|||
Less Minority interest(5) |
|
|
|
(185.6 |
) |
(185.6 |
) |
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Net income |
|
$ |
206.2 |
|
$ |
(192.4 |
) |
$ |
13.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Earnings per share(6): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Basic |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Diluted |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.34 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
0.34 |
|
||
Weighted average common shares outstanding |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Basic |
|
|
|
|
|
40,000,100 |
|
|||
Diluted |
|
|
|
|
|
401,257,739 |
|
See accompanying notes to unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statements of income.
26
Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statements of Income
Represents adjustments to reflect the following:
(1) |
Pro forma earnings per share calculations (i) includes the restricted shares of Common Stock that are to be issued upon investment of accumulated earnings on Return on Investment Dollar Units in connection with the Recapitalization, but (ii) excludes our shares of Common Stock that are issuable in the future pursuant to post offering equity incentive plan. See Note 12 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for more information. |
|
|
(2) |
Gives effect to Delaware franchise taxes that will be payable, estimated at $0.165 million annually. |
|
|
(3) |
The $5.9 and $6.8 million income tax expense adjustments for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively, represent the sum of the current income tax expense adjustment for these periods (referenced in this footnote 3) and the deferred income tax expense adjustment for this period (referenced in footnote 4 below). Additional current income tax expense on our 10.0% investment in IBG LLC would be $1.8 and $2.7 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006. In addition to increased currently payable income taxes, we will incur increased deferred income tax expense (see footnote 4). |
|
|
(4) |
Additional deferred income tax expense of $4.1 million for each of the three month periods ended March 31, 2007 and 2006 is the result of the straight-line amortization of the deferred tax asset of $249.3 million arising from the acquisition of the 10.0% member interest in IBG LLC (see footnote 3 above) and will be amortized over 15 years. |
|
|
(5) |
Gives effect to the 90.0% interest in IBG LLC that IBG Holdings LLC will have after the Recapitalization and the IPO. The adjustments are equal to 90.0% of total net income for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively. |
|
|
(6) |
Basic pro forma earnings per share are calculated based on the estimated 40.0 million shares of Common Stock and 100 shares of Class B common stock being outstanding. Diluted earnings per share are calculated based on an assumed purchase by us of all remaining IBG LLC membership interests held by IBG Holdings LLC and the issuance by us of a corresponding number of shares of Common Stock, resulting in a total of 400 million shares deemed outstanding as of the beginning of each period, as described in Note 12 to the condensed consolidated financial statements. There is no impact on earnings per share for such purchase and issuance because 100% of net income before minority interest would be available to common stockholders as IBG Holdings LLC would no longer hold a minority interest, and the full difference between the book and tax basis of IBG LLCs assets would also be available for reducing income tax expense. Therefore, the net income utilized to calculate diluted earnings per share would be $124.0 and $138.0 million, respectively, for the three months ended March 31, 2007 and 2006. |
|
|
|
In addition, diluted weighted average common shares outstanding include 1.3 million shares of Common Stock to be issued upon investment of accumulated earnings on Return on Investment Dollar Units in connection with the Recapitalization. Shares of Common Stock to be issued in connection with the Stock Incentive Plan (as defined in Note 12 to the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements) have been excluded from diluted weighted average common shares outstanding because such shares are non-dilutive. |
27
Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition
As of March 31, 2007
|
|
Historical |
|
Adjustments(1) |
|
Pro Forma |
|
|||
|
|
(dollars in millions, except per share data) |
|
|||||||
Assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Cash and cash equivalents |
|
$ |
607.8 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
607.8 |
|
Cash and securitiessegregated for regulatory purposes or deposited with clearing organizations |
|
3,427.9 |
|
|
|
3,427.9 |
|
|||
Securities borrowed |
|
10,533.0 |
|
|
|
10,533.0 |
|
|||
Securities purchased under agreements to resell |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Trading assets, at market: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Securities owned |
|
7,261.8 |
|
|
|
7,261.8 |
|
|||
Securities owned and pledged as collateral |
|
7,438.1 |
|
|
|
7,438.1 |
|
|||
|
|
14,699.9 |
|
|
|
14,699.9 |
|
|||
Other receivables: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Customers |
|
1,081.7 |
|
|
|
1,081.7 |
|
|||
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations |
|
1,682.6 |
|
|
|
1,682.6 |
|
|||
Interest |
|
63.6 |
|
|
|
63.6 |
|
|||
|
|
2,827.9 |
|
|
|
2,827.9 |
|
|||
Other assets(1) |
|
152.2 |
|
249.3 |
|
401.5 |
|
|||
Total assets |
|
$ |
32,248.7 |
|
$ |
249.3 |
|
$ |
32,498.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Liabilities and Members Interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Trading liabilitiessecurities sold but not yet purchased, at market |
|
$ |
14,719.6 |
|
$ |
|
|
$ |
14,719.6 |
|
Securities loaned |
|
7,003.6 |
|
|
|
7,003.6 |
|
|||
Securities sold under agreements to repurchase |
|
17.3 |
|
|
|
17.3 |
|
|||
Short-term borrowings |
|
1,051.5 |
|
|
|
1,051.5 |
|
|||
Other payables: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Customers |
|
4,591.4 |
|
|
|
4,591.4 |
|
|||
Brokers, dealers and clearing organizations |
|
1,362.8 |
|
|
|
1,362.8 |
|
|||
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities(2) |
|
182.4 |
|
216.8 |
|
399.2 |
|
|||
Interest |
|
49.2 |
|
|
|
49.2 |
|
|||
|
|
6,185.8 |
|
216.8 |
|
6,402.6 |
|
|||
Senior secured credit facility |
|
150.0 |
|
|
|
150.0 |
|
|||
Senior notes payable |
|
154.6 |
|
|
|
154.6 |
|
|||
Commitments, contingencies and guarantees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Minority interest(3)(4) |
|
|
|
2,665.3 |
|
2,665.3 |
|
|||
Redeemable members interests: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Accumulated other comprehensive income(5) |
|
103.3 |
|
(103.3 |
) |
|
|
|||
Redeemable members interests |
|
2,863.0 |
|
(2,863.0 |
) |
|
|
|||
Total redeemable members interests |
|
2,966.3 |
|
(2,966.3 |
) |
|
|
|||
|
|
32,248.7 |
|
(84.2 |
) |
32,164.5 |
|
|||
Stockholders equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|||
Accumulated other comprehensive income(4) |
|
|
|
10.3 |
|
10.3 |
|
|||
Common stock(6) (par value $0.01 per share; authorized 1,000,000,000 shares; issued 40,000,000 shares) |
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
0.4 |
|
|||
Additional paid-in capital(6) |
|
|
|
322.8 |
|
322.8 |
|
|||
Totalstockholdersequity |
|
|
|
333.5 |
|
333.5 |
|
|||
Total liabilities andstockholdersequity |
|
$ |
32,248.7 |
|
$ |
249.3 |
|
$ |
32,498.0 |
|
See accompanying notes to unaudited pro forma consolidated statement of financial condition.
28
Notes to the Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition
Represents adjustments to reflect the following:
(1) |
Gives effect to a deferred tax asset of $249.3 million arising from the acquisition of the 10.0% member interest in IBG LLC (see footnote 2 below). The deferred tax asset is to be amortized over 15 years. $211.8 million (85%) of the tax savings realized by us will be paid to IBG Holdings LLC and is included in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in our pro forma consolidated statement of financial condition, with the remaining $37.5 million recorded as a permanent increase to additional paid-in capital. |
|
|
(2) |
The $216.8 million adjustment to accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities represents the $211.8 million of tax savings (referenced in footnote 1 above) minus existing minority interest of $0.6 million plus Delaware franchise taxes payable of $0.1 million plus the $5.5 million of estimated offering expenses (referenced in footnote 6 below). Existing minority interest of $0.6 million at March 31, 2007 was reported in other liabilities in our historical financial statements and has been reclassified to minority interest in our pro forma consolidated statement of financial condition. |
|
|
(3) |
Minority interests are comprised of: |
90.0% of redeemable members interests of $2,966.3 |
|
$ |
2,669.7 |
|
Add: existing minority interests |
|
0.6 |
|
|
Less: 90.0% of direct offering costs of $5.5 million to be reimbursed by IBG LLC (footnote 6) |
|
(5.0 |
) |
|
|
|
$ |
2,665.3 |
|
(4) |
Represents 10.0% of the $103.3 million in accumulated other comprehensive income included in redeemable members interests in the historical financial statements. |
|
|
(5) |
Gives effect to the elimination of redeemable members interest of IBG LLC. |
|
|
|
Redeemable members interests represent member interests in IBG LLC that are entitled to share in the consolidated profits and losses of IBG LLC. IBG LLC is a private entity owned by the members holding such member interests. IBG LLC has applied guidance within EITF D-98 which requires securities or equity interests of a company whose redemption is outside the control of the company to be classified outside of permanent capital in the statement of financial condition. Historically, the member interests in IBG LLC could be redeemed by the members at book value at their option. Because this redemption right is deemed to be outside the control of the company, IBG LLC has reclassified all members capital outside of permanent capital to redeemable members interests in the consolidated statement of financial condition. Such reclassification was made to comply with EITF D-98 and the requirements of Regulation S-X of the Exchange Act. |
29
(6) |
The $322.8 million adjustment to additional paid-in capital is comprised of: |
10.0% of redeemable members interests of $2,863.0 million, which is net of accumulated other comprehensive income of $103.3 million (See footnote 4) |
|
$ |
286.3 |
|
Add: additional paid in capital arising from recording of deferred tax asset (footnote 1) |
|
37.5 |
|
|
Less: |
|
|
|
|
Par value of 40,000,000 shares of $.01 per share Class A common stock |
|
(0.4) |
|
|
10.0% of direct offering costs of $5.5 million to be reimbursed by IBG |
|
(0.6) |
|
|
|
|
$ |
322.8 |
|
The adjustment gives effect to our issuance of 40,000,000 shares of Common Stock in connection with the Recapitalization and the IPO. All net proceeds of the IPO, approximately $1,177.9 million, were paid to existing members of IBG LLC and accordingly such net proceeds have been accounted for as a deemed dividend applied against additional paid in capital in our unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of financial condition. Offering expenses of $5.5 million (separate from the placement agency fee) were borne by IBG LLC.
*****
30
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the related notes and the unaudited pro forma financial information in Items 1 and 1A, respectively, included elsewhere in this report. The following discussion also contains, in addition to historical information, forward-looking statements that include risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of certain factors, including those set forth under the heading Risk Factors in our Prospectus filed with the SEC on May 4, 2007 and elsewhere in this report.
Introduction
We are an automated global electronic market maker and broker specializing in routing orders and executing and processing trades in securities, futures and foreign exchange instruments as a member of more than 60 electronic exchanges and trading venues around the world. Since our inception in 1977, we have focused on developing proprietary software to automate broker-dealer functions. The advent of electronic exchanges in the last 17 years has provided us with the opportunity to integrate our software with an increasing number of exchanges and trading venues into one automatically functioning, computerized platform that requires minimal human intervention.
Our activities are divided into two business segments:
· Market Making. We conduct our market making business through our Timber Hill subsidiaries. As one of the largest market makers on many of the worlds leading exchanges, we provide liquidity by offering competitively tight bid/offer spreads over a broad base of approximately 353,000 tradable, exchange-listed products. As principal, we commit our own capital and derive revenues or incur losses from the difference between the price paid when securities are bought (or sold) and the price received when those securities are sold (or bought). Because we provide continuous bid and offer quotations and we are continuously both buying and selling quoted securities, we may have either a long or a short position in a particular product at a given point in time. Our entire portfolio is evaluated each second and continuously rebalanced throughout the trading day, thus minimizing the risk of our portfolio at all times. This real-time rebalancing of our portfolio, together with our real-time proprietary risk management system, enables us to curtail risk and to be profitable in both up-market and down-market scenarios.
· Electronic Brokerage. We conduct our electronic brokerage business through our Interactive Brokers (IB) subsidiaries. As an electronic broker, we execute, clear and settle trades globally for both institutional and individual customers. Capitalizing on the technology originally developed for our market making business, IBs systems provide our customers with the capability to monitor multiple markets around the world simultaneously and to execute trades electronically in these markets at a low cost, in multiple products and currencies from a single trading account. We offer our customers access to all classes of tradable, exchange-listed products, including stocks, bonds, options, futures and forex, traded on more than 50 exchanges and market centers and in 16 countries around the world seamlessly.
When we use the terms we, us, and our, we mean IBG LLC and its subsidiaries for periods prior to the IPO, and IBG, Inc. and its subsidiaries (including IBG LLC) for periods from and after the IPO. On May 3, 2007, IBG, Inc. priced its initial public offering of shares of Common Stock. In connection with the IPO, IBG, Inc. purchased 10.0% of the membership interests in IBG LLC, became the sole managing member of IBG LLC and began to consolidate IBG LLCs financial results into its financial statements.
Executive Overview
On a pro forma basis IBG, Inc.s diluted earnings per share were $0.31 for the three months ended March 31, 2007, compared to $0.34 for the three months ended March 31, 2006.
For the three months ended March 31, 2007, our net revenues were $330.8 million and income before income tax was $190.3 million, compared to net revenues of $328.6 million and income before income tax of $215.4 million for the same period in 2006. Trading gains were 12% lower in the first quarter of 2007 compared to the same period
31
last year and net revenues outside of trading gains were up by 28% for the same time period. Our pre-tax margin for the three months ended March 31, 2007 was 58%, compared to 66% for the same period in 2006. Results for the three months ended March 31, 2007 were in line with the average of our quarterly results during 2006.
During the three months ended March 31, 2007, income before income tax in our market making segment decreased 21% compared with the three months ended March 31, 2006, reflecting lower trading gains. The decrease in trading gains was driven in part by heavy options activity in advance of certain corporate announcements which had a negative impact on our profits. Market making trade volume for the three months ended March 31, 2007 grew by 50% from the same period last year, primarily in stocks.
During the three months ended March 31, 2007, income before income tax in our electronic brokerage segment increased 59% compared with the first quarter of 2006 reflecting higher revenues from commission and execution fees, and growth in net interest income. The increase in commission and execution fees was related to the growth in transaction volume and customer accounts. Total daily average revenue trades, or DARTs, for cleared and execution-only customers increased 28% to 245,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2007, compared to 192,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006. The increase in net interest was driven by the growth in customer balances and fully secured margin loans.
Trade volumes:
(in 000s, except %) |
|
% growth over |
|
|
|
% growth over |
|
|
|
% growth over |
|
Average Trades |
|
||
|
|
Market Making |
|
same period |
|
Brokerage |
|
same period |
|
Total |
|
same period |
|
per US |
|
Period |
|
Trades |
|
prior year |
|
trades |
|
prior year |
|
Trades |
|
prior year |
|
Trading Day |
|
2003 |
|
32,772 |
|
|
|
25,115 |
|
|
|
57,887 |
|
|
|
230 |
|
2004 |
|
41,506 |
|
27 |
% |
31,808 |
|
27 |
% |
73,314 |
|
27 |
% |
290 |
|
2005 |
|
54,044 |
|
30 |
% |
42,180 |
|
33 |
% |
96,224 |
|
31 |
% |
382 |
|
2006 |
|
66,043 |
|
22 |
% |
64,066 |
|
52 |
% |
130,108 |
|
35 |
% |
518 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1Q2006 |
|
15,185 |
|
|
|
15,434 |
|
|
|
30,618 |
|
|
|
494 |
|
1Q2007 |
|
22,844 |
|
50 |
% |
20,010 |
|
30 |
% |
42,854 |
|
40 |
% |
703 |
|
32
Contract and share volumes:
(in 000s, except %)
TOTAL |
|
|
|
% growth over |
|
|
|
% growth over |
|
|
|
% growth over |
|
|
|
Options |
|
same period |
|
Futures* |
|
same period |
|
Stocks |
|
same period |
|
Period |
|
(contracts) |
|
prior year |
|
(contracts) |
|
prior year |
|
(shares) |
|
prior year |
|
2003 |
|
194,358 |
|
|
|
31,034 |
|
|
|
17,038,250 |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
269,715 |
|
39 |
% |
37,748 |
|
22 |
% |
17,487,528 |
|
3 |
% |
2005 |
|
409,794 |
|
52 |
% |
44,560 |
|
18 |
% |
21,925,120 |
|
25 |
% |
2006 |
|
563,623 |
|
38 |
% |
62,419 |
|
40 |
% |
34,493,410 |
|
57 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1Q2006 |
|
136,272 |
|
|
|
12,406 |
|
|
|
7,814,069 |
|
|
|
1Q2007 |
|
159,056 |
|
17 |
% |
18,644 |
|
50 |
% |
10,422,130 |
|
33 |
% |
MARKET MAKING |
|
|
|
% growth over |
|
|
|
% growth over |
|
|
|
% growth over |
|
|
|
Options |
|
same period |
|
Futures* |
|
same period |
|
Stocks |
|
same period |
|
Period |
|
(contracts) |
|
prior year |
|
(contracts) |
|
prior year |
|
(shares) |
|
prior year |
|
2003 |
|
177,459 |
|
|
|
6,638 |
|
|
|
12,578,584 |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
236,569 |
|
33 |
% |
10,511 |
|
58 |
% |
12,600,280 |
|
0 |
% |
2005 |
|
308,613 |
|
30 |
% |
11,551 |
|
10 |
% |
15,625,801 |
|
24 |
% |
2006 |
|
371,929 |
|
21 |
% |
14,818 |
|
28 |
% |
21,180,377 |
|
36 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1Q2006 |
|
89,704 |
|
|
|
2,286 |
|
|
|
4,645,467 |
|
|
|
1Q2007 |
|
99,603 |
|
11 |
% |
3,586 |
|
57 |
% |
5,978,287 |
|
29 |
% |
BROKERAGE |
|
|
|
% growth over |
|
|
|
% growth over |
|
|
|
% growth over |
|
|
|
Options |
|
same period |
|
Futures* |
|
same period |
|
Stocks |
|
same period |
|
Period |
|
(contracts) |
|
prior year |
|
(contracts) |
|
prior year |
|
(shares) |
|
prior year |
|
2003 |
|
16,898 |
|
|
|
24,396 |
|
|
|
4,459,667 |
|
|
|
2004 |
|
33,146 |
|
96 |
% |
27,237 |
|
12 |
% |
4,887,247 |
|
10 |
% |
2005 |
|
101,181 |
|
205 |
% |
33,009 |
|
21 |
% |
6,299,319 |
|
29 |
% |
2006 |
|
191,694 |
|
89 |
% |
47,601 |
|
44 |
% |
13,313,033 |
|
111 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1Q2006 |
|
46,568 |
|
|
|
10,120 |
|
|
|
3,168,601 |
|
|
|
1Q2007 |
|
59,453 |
|
28 |
% |
15,057 |
|
49 |
% |
4,443,843 |
|
40 |
% |
* Includes options on futures
Brokerage statistics:
(in 000s, except %)
|
|
1Q2007 |
|
1Q2006 |
|
% Change |
|
||
Total Accounts |
|
82 |
|
67 |
|
22 |
% |
||
Customer Equity |
|
$ |
6,900,000 |
|
$ |
4,600,000 |
|
51 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Cleared DARTs |
|
190 |
|
151 |
|
26 |
% |
||
Total Customer DARTs |
|
245 |
|
192 |
|
28 |
% |
||
Market making, by its nature, does not produce predictable earnings. Our results in any given period may be materially affected by volumes in the global financial markets, the level of competition and other factors. For a further discussion of the factors that may affect our future operating results, see Risk Factors beginning on page 19 of our Prospectus filed with the SEC on May 4, 2007.
Business Environment
Volumes in exchange listed equity based options increased by approximately 24% globally and 26% in the U.S. during the three months ended March 31, 2007 compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006. This is a continuation of a trend we have observed over the past six years, and we believe that as the equity culture spreads around the world this trend is likely to continue. We have also observed a rise in certain types of options activity
33
that are driven by non-trading strategies. One such strategy results in spikes in trading volume prior to ex-dividend dates that would appear to be overstating the exchange-reported volumes, especially in the United States. Such activity does not represent trades with which other market participants, including market makers and customers, can interact. We cannot estimate the impact this activity has on overall trading volumes.
In February 2007, the SEC introduced a penny pricing pilot program for 13 classes of options. Options in the pilot program trade in minimum price increments of one cent, rather than the five and ten cent increments quoted in other options classes. Two of the classes actively traded are the exchange-traded funds representing the Nasdaq 100 index (QQQQ) and Russell 2000 index (IWM), and the remainder were options on individual stocks. Preliminary results of the pilot, comparing the three months preceding the pilot with the 12 weeks following the pilot indicate a robust increase in exchange volume for these classes of options. For the same penny options, we observed a greater increase in our market making volume than what was reported by the exchanges and a decrease in profit per contract in our market making. Overall, the results of the pilot were favorable to our business, which we believe is a reflection of our ability to compete at narrower bid/offer spreads. This is a six month pilot and it will be evaluated by the SEC later this year. It is likely that SEC will consider penny pricing pilot successful and it may allow additional classes of options to trade in pennies. During the first quarter of 2007 the effects of the penny pilot were negligible.
According to data compiled by the Futures Industry Association (FIA), based on data received from exchanges worldwide, in the first three months of 2007 we accounted for approximately 14.8% of exchange-listed equity options volume traded worldwide and approximately 19.9% of exchange-listed equity options volume traded in the U.S. This compared to approximately 15.6% of exchange-listed equity options volume traded worldwide and approximately 21.7% of exchange-listed equity options volume traded in the U.S., in the first three months of 2006.
Strong volume growth in the first three months of 2007 was partially offset by heavy options trading activity ahead of certain corporate announcements. Recently, this activity has been receiving greater attention from securities regulators, which may lead to a curtailed impact of such events on the options markets in the future.
Our customers DARTs grew by 28% in the first quarter of 2007 vs. the first quarter of 2006 and by 23% consecutively, from the fourth quarter of 2006 to the first quarter of 2007. On May 3, 2007, we priced an Initial Public Offering, which we believe will raise Interactive Brokers profile among independent financial professionals and institutions (broker-dealers, hedge funds and conventional money managers). These are the customers we are targeting and we anticipate to see increased growth in our brokerage business as a result of a heightened awareness of our company.
Results of Operations
The tables in the period comparisons below provide summaries of our revenues and expenses. The period-to-period comparisons below of financial results are not necessarily indicative of future results.
34
The following table sets forth our consolidated results of operations for the indicated periods:
|
|
Three Months |
|
||||
|
|
Ended March 31, |
|
||||
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
||
|
|
(in millions) |
|
||||
Consolidated Statement of Income Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Trading gains |
|
$ |
198.8 |
|
$ |
225.4 |
|
Commissions and execution fees |
|
56.3 |
|
39.4 |
|
||
Interest income |
|
184.5 |
|
132.1 |
|
||
Other income |
|
24.7 |
|
25.5 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Total revenues |
|
464.3 |
|
422.4 |
|
||
Interest expense |
|
133.5 |
|
93.8 |
|
||
Total net revenues |
|
330.8 |
|
328.6 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Non-interest expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
||
Execution and clearing |
|
90.2 |
|
71.3 |
|
||
Employee compensation and benefits |
|
32.8 |
|
28.7 |
|
||
Occupancy, depreciation and amortization |
|
6.0 |
|
5.5 |
|
||
Communications |
|
3.4 |
|
2.7 |
|
||
General and administrative |
|
8.1 |
|
5.0 |
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||
Total non-interest expenses |
|
140.5 |
|
113.2 |
|
||
Income before income tax |
|
190.3 |
|
215.4 |
|
||
Income tax expense |
|
6.1 |
|
9.2 |
|
||
Net Income |
|
$ |
184.2 |
|
$ |
206.2 |
|
Three Months Ended March 31, 2007 Compared to the Three Months ended March 31, 2006
Net Revenues
Total net revenues for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $2.2 million, or 1%, to $330.8 million from $328.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006. Trading volume is the most important driver of revenues and costs for both our market making and electronic brokerage segments. Based on data published by the FIA, global equity options volume increased approximately 24% as compared to the first quarter of 2006. For the three months ended March 31, 2007, equity option contracts executed by our subsidiaries increased by 22.8 million, or 17%, to 159.1 million contracts from 136.3 million contracts for the three months ended March 31, 2006.
Trading Gains. Trading gains for the three months ended March 31, 2007 decreased $26.6 million, or 12%, from the three months ended March 31, 2006, which was an unusually profitable period due to market factors that were especially conducive to electronic market making. As market makers, we provide liquidity by buying from sellers and selling to buyers. Unexpectedly heavy options activity in advance of certain corporate announcements adversely impacted our market making operations during the three months ended March 31, 2007. While we are unable to detail the exact frequency of these announcements in a given period and their exact financial impact on our results of operations, during the three months ended March 31, 2007, there were a greater number of surprise or unexpected announcements preceded by heavy options activity than in prior quarters. Heavy options activity typically occurs in advance of certain surprise or unexpected corporate announcements, especially where there is a leakage of information and when regularly scheduled annual or quarterly corporate announcements materially deviate from
35
expectations. This impacts us as, when we trade with others who have different information than we do, we may accumulate unfavorable positions preceding large price movements in companies. During the three months ended March 31, 2007, our market making operations executed 22.8 million trades, a 50% increase over the three months ended March 31, 2006, although much of this increase took place in stock trading. Included in trading gains are net dividends and currency translation gains and losses from market making activities. Dividend income and expense arise from holding market making positions over dates on which dividends are paid to shareholders of record. When a stock pays a dividend, its market price is generally adjusted downward to reflect the value paid to the shareholders of record, which will not be received by those who purchase the stock after the dividend date. Hence, the apparent gains and losses due to these price changes must be taken together with the dividends paid and received, respectively, in order to accurately reflect the results of our market making operations. Translation gains of $7.7 million were recognized in the three months ended March 31, 2007 on foreign currency balances held primarily by our European subsidiaries, compared to translation losses of $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006.
Commissions and Execution Fees. Commissions and execution fees for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $16.9 million, or 43%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006. This increase was primarily due to higher customer trading volume on an expanded customer base. Total DARTs for cleared and execution-only customers for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased 28% to 245,000 compared to 192,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006. DARTS for cleared customers, customers for whom we execute trades and clear and carry positions, increased 26% to approximately 190,000 for the three months ended March 31, 2007 compared to approximately 151,000 during the three months ended March 31, 2006. The number of customer accounts grew by 22% to approximately 82,000 at March 31, 2007 compared to approximately 67,000 at March 31, 2006. Average commission per trade for cleared customers for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased by $0.66, or 16%, to $4.68 as compared to $4.02 for the three months ended March 31, 2006.
Interest Income and Interest Expense. Net interest income (interest income less interest expense) for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $12.7 million, or 33%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006. Growth in net interest income was primarily attributable to higher interest rates, increases in net customer cash and margin balances and higher net interest from securities lending. The U.S. dollar average, overnight LIBOR (the London Interbank Offered Rates, which serve as benchmark interest rates for most major currencies) increased 18% to 5.30% for the three months ended March 31, 2007, from 4.51% for the three months ended March 31, 2006. Customer cash balances increased by 68%, to $4.59 billion, and customer fully secured margin borrowings increased 71%, to $1.08 billion, at March 31, 2007 as compared to $2.74 billion and $0.63 billion, respectively, at March 31, 2006. Net interest earned from customers cash balances and fully secured margin balances for the first three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $5.8 million, or 122%, to $10.5 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006. Securities borrowed increased by 6%, to $10.53 billion, and securities loaned decreased by 2%, to $7.00 billion, at March 31, 2007 from March 31, 2006. These increases reflect the growth in stock positions held by our market making units, partially offset by the increase in our equity capital, which reduced the need to finance positions through securities lending and the growth in short stock positions carried in customer accounts. Net interest earned from stock borrowing and lending activities for the first three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $12.6 million, or 40%, to $44.0 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006. This is partially offset by an increase in interest expense, not related to our securities lending activities, from our market making segment, which increased $6.3 million or 59% to $16.9 million for the first three months ended March 31, 2007 as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006. This reflects increased borrowings to support business growth, as well as an increase in interest rates. During the same period, the growth in IBG LLCs capital to $2.97 billion at March 31, 2007 from $2.30 billion at March 31, 2006, combined with higher interest rates also contributed to the increase in interest income.
Other Income. Other income for the first three months ended March 31, 2007 decreased $0.8 million, or 3%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006. This decrease was primarily attributable to a decrease of $3.0 million, to $4.4 million, in mark-to-market gains on non-trading securities, primarily investments in exchanges, which was partially offset by an increase of $2.4 million, or 17%, to $16.3 million in payment for order flow income. The higher payment for order flow income was driven by increased trading volume by customers in U.S. options contracts. The number of options contracts executed by our customers on U.S. options exchanges in the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased by 27% as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006. This income was offset by payment for order flow expense to our customers, as described below under Non-Interest ExpensesExecution and Clearing.
36
Non-Interest Expenses
Non-interest expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased by $27.3 million, or 24%, to $140.5 million from $113.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006. As a percentage of total net revenues, non-interest expenses were 43% and 34% for the three month periods ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively.
Execution and Clearing. Execution and clearing expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $18.9 million, or 27%, as compared to $71.3 million in the three months ended March 31, 2006, primarily due to increased trading volume. Payments for order flow, a component of execution and clearing costs, for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $4.0 million, or 29%, to $18.0 million as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006. The growth of payment for order flow expense in our electronic brokerage unit was primarily a result of our aggressive marketing of the IB SmartRoutingsm system to new institutional customers, combined with incentive payments to these customers for options orders routed through IB LLC. This expense was partially offset by payment for order flow revenue received from U.S. options exchanges, as described above under Net RevenuesOther Income.
Employee Compensation and Benefits. Employee compensation and benefits expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased by $4.1 million, or 14%, to $32.8 million as compared to $28.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2006. This increase is primarily due to a 12% growth in the number of employees to 540 at March 31, 2007 as compared to 481 at March 31, 2006 and increased expenses for bonuses and ROI Dollar Units granted to employees due to higher IBG LLC earnings. As we continue to grow, our focus on automation has allowed us to maintain a relatively small staff of highly compensated professionals. As a percentage of total net revenues, employee compensation and benefits expenses were 10% and 9%, for the three month periods ended March 31, 2007 and 2006, respectively
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2007 increased $3.1 million, or 62%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006, primarily attributable to increased legal and auditing professional fees related to our IPO.
Income Tax Expense. Prior to the Recapitalization and the IPO, we operated as a limited liability company and, therefore, most of our income was not subject to corporate tax but, instead, our members were taxed on their proportionate share of the net income. Our income tax expense reflects taxes payable by certain of our non-U.S. companies. Income tax expense for the three months ended March 31, 2007 decreased $3.1 million, or 34%, as compared to the three months ended March 31, 2006, primarily due to lower pre-tax earnings at one of our non-U.S. operating companies.
Net Income. Net income decreased $22.0 million, or 11%, to $184.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2007 from $206.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2006. Net income as a percentage of net revenues was 56% for the three months ended March 31, 2007 as compared to 63% for the three months ended March 31, 2006.
37
Business Segments
The following table sets forth the net revenues and non-interest expenses and income before income tax of our business segments:
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Three Months |
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Ended March 31, |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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(in millions) |
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Market Making |
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Net revenues |
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$ |
233.3 |
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$ |
263.1 |
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Non-interest expenses |
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79.3 |
|
68.5 |
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