INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN STATEMENTS FILED PURSUANT

TO RULE 13d-l(a) AND AMENDMENTS THERETO FILED PURSUANT

TO RULE 13d-2(a)

(Amendment No.     )*

(Name of Issuer)

(Title of Class of Securities)

(CUSIP Number)

(Name, Address and Telephone Number of Person
Authorized to Receive Notices and Communications)

(Date of Event Which Requires Filing of this Statement)

If the filing person has previously filed a statement on Schedule 13G to report the acquisition that is the subject of this Schedule 13D, and is filing this schedule because of Rule 13d-1(e), 13d-1(f) or 13d-1(g), check the following box  o.

*The remainder of this cover page shall be filled out for a reporting person's initial filing on this form with respect to the subject class of securities, and for any subsequent amendment containing information which would alter disclosures provided in a prior cover page.

The information required on the remainder of this cover page shall not be deemed to be "filed" for the purpose of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the "Act") or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section of the Act but shall be subject to all other provisions of the Act.

(Continued on the following pages)

(1) Includes 5,695,228 shares of Common Stock and 147,861 shares of Common Stock subject to currently exercisable warrants.

* All percentage calculations set forth herein assume that there are 21,618,334 shares of Common Stock outstanding, based on information provided by Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

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(2) Includes 570,147 shares of Common Stock and 14,801 shares of Common Stock subject to currently exercisable warrants.

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(3) Includes 20,739 shares of Common Stock and 538 shares of Common Stock subject to currently exercisable warrants.

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(4) Includes 6,286,114 shares of Common Stock and 173,847 shares of Common Stock subject to currently exercisable warrants and stock options.

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(5) Includes 6,286,114 shares of Common Stock and 173,847 shares of Common Stock subject to currently exercisable warrants and stock options.

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Item 1.            Security and Issuer.

This Schedule 13D relates to the common stock, par value $0.001 per share (the “Common Stock”), of Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a corporation organized under the laws of the state of Delaware (the “Issuer”), with its principal executive offices located at 25801 Industrial Boulevard, Suite B, Hayward, California 94545.  Information given in response to each item shall be deemed incorporated by reference in all other items, as applicable.

Item 2.            Identity and Background.

(a) This Schedule 13D is being filed by VantagePoint Venture Partners IV (Q), L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“VPVP IV (Q)”), VantagePoint Venture Partners IV, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“VPVP IV”), VantagePoint Venture Partners IV Principals Fund, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (“VPVP IV Principals,” and together with VPVP IV (Q) and VPVP IV, the “VantagePoint Funds”), VantagePoint Venture Associates IV, L.L.C., a Delaware limited liability company (“VP IV Venture Associates”), and Alan E. Salzman.

Each of the foregoing persons or entities is referred to herein as a “Reporting Person” or collectively as “Reporting Persons.”

Each of VPVP IV (Q), VPVP IV and VPVP IV Principals is a private venture capital fund engaged in the business of acquiring, holding and disposing of investments in various companies.  VP IV Venture Associates is the general partner of each of the VantagePoint Funds.  Mr. Salzman is the Chief Executive Officer and Managing Partner of VantagePoint Venture Partners, and a Managing Member of VP IV Venture Associates.

Each Reporting Person disclaims beneficial ownership of all shares of Common Stock, other than those reported herein as being owned by such Reporting Person.

(b) The business address of each of the Reporting Persons is 1001 Bayhill Drive, Suite 300, San Bruno, CA  94066.

(c) Mr. Salzman is a Managing Member of VP IV Venture Associates.

(d) During the last five years, none of the Reporting Persons has been convicted in a criminal proceeding (excluding traffic violations or similar misdemeanors).

(e) During the last five years, none of the Reporting Persons was a party to a civil proceeding of a judicial or administrative body of competent jurisdiction and as a result of such proceeding was or is subject to a judgment, decree or final order enjoining future violations of, or prohibiting or mandating activities subject to, federal or state securities laws or finding any violation with respect to such laws.

(f) Mr. Salzman is a citizen of Canada.

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Item 3.            Source and Amount of Funds or Other Consideration.

The VantagePoint Funds purchased 768,765 shares of Common Stock on March 4, 2010 in the Issuer’s initial public offering for total consideration of $5,381,355, funded by available cash of each of the respective VantagePoint Funds.  In addition, on March 4, 2010, the Issuer issued to the VantagePoint Funds a total of 5,517,349 shares of Common Stock upon the conversion of certain convertible securities held by the VantagePoint Funds, which convertible securities had previously been purchased by the VantagePoint Funds for an aggregate consideration of $33,957,707.  The VantagePoint Funds are venture capital funds that call capital from their respective limited partners in order to make investments.

Item 4.            Purpose of Transaction.

Equity Ownership

In July and September 2009, the VantagePoint Funds purchased convertible promissory notes in an aggregate principal amount of $4,569,675 (the “2009 Notes”) and warrants (the “2009 Warrants”) to purchase shares of the Issuer’s equity securities.  On September 25, 2009, the VantagePoint Funds entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Stock Purchase Agreement”) and an Escrow Agreement (the “Escrow Agreement”) with the Issuer and certain existing holders of the Issuer’s then outstanding shares of preferred stock pursuant to which the VantagePoint Funds agreed to purchase a number of shares of Common Stock (“Escrow Shares”) equal to $9,139,801 divided by the price per share at which shares of the Common Stock were sold to the public in an initial public offering (“IPO”), minus any per-share underwriting discounts, commissions or fees.  Under the terms of the Stock Purchase Agreement and Escrow Agreement, the closing of the purchase and sale of the Escrow Shares was to occur simultaneously with the Issuer’s IPO.  On December 11, 2009, the VantagePoint Funds entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “Note Purchase Agreement”) with the Issuer pursuant to which $1,553,766 of the $9,139,801 that the VantagePoint Funds had previously placed in the escrow account was released to the Issuer in exchange for convertible promissory notes in an aggregate principal amount of $1,553,766 (the “Escrow Notes”).

The Issuer’s IPO was completed on March 4, 2010.  In connection with the Issuer’s IPO:

·                  All shares of preferred stock previously held by the VantagePoint Funds automatically converted into 3,216,891 shares of Common Stock;

·                  The 2009 Notes automatically converted into 907,345 shares of Common Stock;

·                  The Escrow Notes automatically converted into 240,222 shares of Common Stock;

·                  The Company issued 1,152,891 shares of Common Stock, constituting Escrow Shares, to the VantagePoint Funds upon the release of the remaining $7,586,035 from the escrow account; and

·                  The VantagePoint Funds purchased an additional 768,765 shares of Common Stock in such public offering.

The 2009 Warrants remain outstanding and were not converted in connection with the Issuer’s IPO.

Registration Rights

The VantagePoint Funds have certain rights under the terms of a Second Amended and Restated Investor Rights Agreement (the “Investor Rights Agreement”) to require the Issuer to file registration statements under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, subject to limitations and restrictions, or request that their shares be covered by a registration statement that the Issuer is otherwise filing, subject to specified exceptions.  The registration rights granted under the Investor Rights Agreement will terminate on the seventh anniversary of the completion of the Issuer’s IPO.

Demand Registration Rights. At any time after the earlier of (i) 180 days following the effective date of the Issuer’s registration statement in connection with the IPO or (ii) July 17, 2012, subject to certain exceptions, the holders of (a) a majority of the registrable securities issued upon the conversion of the Issuer’s Series A-1 convertible preferred stock or (b) two-thirds of the then-outstanding registrable securities issued upon the conversion of the Issuer’s Series A-2 convertible preferred stock, Series B-1 convertible preferred stock and Series B-2 convertible preferred stock have the right to demand that the Issuer file a registration statement covering the offering and sale of at least a majority of the registrable securities

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then outstanding (or a lesser percent if the anticipated aggregate offering price, net of underwriting discounts and commissions, would exceed $5.0 million).

The Issuer has the ability to delay the filing of such registration statement under specified conditions, such as during the period starting with the date of filing of and ending on the date 180 days following the effective date of the Issuer’s IPO or if the Issuer’s board of directors deems it advisable to delay such filing or if the Issuer is in possession of material nonpublic information that would be in the Issuer’s best interests not to disclose. Postponements at the discretion of the Issuer’s board of directors cannot exceed 120 days during any twelve-month period.  The Issuer is not obligated to file a registration statement on more than one occasion upon the request of the holders of a majority of the registrable securities issued upon the conversion of the Issuer’s Series A-1 convertible preferred stock, and the Issuer is not obligated to file a registration statement on more than two occasions upon the request of the holders of two-thirds of the then-outstanding registrable securities issued upon the conversion of the Issuer’s Series A-2 convertible preferred stock, Series B-1 convertible preferred stock and Series B-2 convertible preferred stock.

Form S-3 Registration Rights. If the Issuer is eligible to file a registration statement on Form S-3, the holders of the registrable securities described above have the right, on one or more occasions, to request registration on Form S-3 of the sale of the registrable securities held by such holder provided such securities are anticipated to have an aggregate sale price (net of underwriting discounts and commissions, if any) in excess of $1.0 million.  The Issuer has the ability to delay the filing of such registration statement under specified conditions, such as for a period of time prior to the Issuer’s intention to make a public offering, if the Issuer’s board of directors deems it advisable to delay such filing or if the Issuer is in possession of material nonpublic information that would be in the Issuer’s best interests not to disclose. Such postponements cannot exceed 120 days during any 12-month period. The Issuer is not obligated to effect more than two registrations of registrable securities on Form S-3 in any 12-month period.

Piggyback Registration Rights. The holders of the registrable securities described above have piggyback registration rights. Under these provisions, if the Issuer registers any securities for public sale, including pursuant to any stockholder-initiated demand registration, these holders will have the right to include their shares in the registration statement, subject to customary exceptions. The underwriters of any underwritten offering will have the right to limit the number of shares having registration rights to be included in the registration statement, and piggyback registration rights are also subject to the priority rights of stockholders having demand registration rights in any demand registration.

Expenses of Registration. Under the Investor Rights Agreement, the Issuer is required to pay all registration expenses, other than underwriting discounts and commissions, related to any demand, Form S-3 or piggyback registration, including reasonable attorneys’ fees and disbursements of one counsel for the holders of registrable securities in an amount not to exceed an aggregate of $25,000.

Indemnification. The Investor Rights Agreement contains customary cross-indemnification provisions, under which the Issuer is obligated to indemnify the selling stockholders in the event of material misstatements or omissions in the registration statement attributable to the Issuer, and each selling stockholder is obligated to indemnify the Issuer for material misstatements or omissions in the registration statement due to information provided by such stockholder provided that such information was not changed or altered by the Issuer.

The descriptions of the 2009 Notes, 2009 Warrants, Stock Purchase Agreement, Escrow Agreement, Escrow Shares, Note Purchase Agreement, Escrow Notes and the Investor Rights Agreement are qualified in their entirety by the full text of the 2009 Notes, 2009 Warrants, Stock Purchase Agreement, Escrow Agreement, Escrow Shares, Note Purchase Agreement, Escrow Notes and the Investor Rights Agreement which are included as Exhibits 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 and 9, respectively, to this Statement.

Additional Disclosure

The shares of Common Stock reported herein were acquired solely for investment purposes. None of the Reporting Persons have any present plans or proposals that relate to or would result in any change in the business, policies, management, structure or capitalization of the Issuer.  The Reporting Persons reserve the right to acquire, or dispose of, additional securities of the Issuer in the ordinary course of their business, to the extent deemed advisable in light of their general investment and trading policies, market conditions or other factors.  The Reporting Persons may engage in discussions from time to time with other stockholders of the Issuer regarding the acquisition by the Reporting Persons of others of shares of the Issuer’s Common Stock held by such stockholders.

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The Reporting Persons may seek information from management and the Issuer’s Board of Directors, and may engage in further discussions with management, the Issuer’s Board of Directors, other stockholders of the Issuer and other relevant parties, concerning the business, operations, governance, management, strategy, capitalization and/or future plans of the Issuer, or in proposing one or more of the other actions described in subparagraphs (a) through (j) of this Item 4.  In addition, the Reporting Persons may exercise their rights under the Investor Rights Agreement.

Other than as described above and as set forth in the 2009 Notes, 2009 Warrants, Stock Purchase Agreement, Escrow Agreement, Escrow Shares, Note Purchase Agreement, Escrow Notes and the Investor Rights Agreement, the Reporting Persons do not have any plans or proposals which would result in any of the following:

(a) The acquisition by any person of additional securities of the Issuer, or the disposition of securities of the Issuer;

(b) An extraordinary corporate transaction, such as a merger, reorganization or liquidation, involving the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries;

(c) A sale or transfer of a material amount of assets of the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries;

(d) Any change in the present Issuer’s board of directors or management of the Issuer, including any plans or proposals to change the number or term of directors or to fill any existing vacancies on the board;

(e) Any material change in the present capitalization or dividend policy of the Issuer;

(f) Any other material change in the Issuer’s business or corporate structure;

(g) Changes in the Issuer’s charter, bylaws or instruments corresponding thereto or other actions that may impede the acquisition of control of the Issuer by any person;

(h) Causing a class of securities of the Issuer to be delisted from a national securities exchange or to cease to be authorized to be quoted in an inter-dealer quotation system of a registered national securities association;

(i) A class of equity securities of the Issuer becoming eligible for termination of registration pursuant to Section 12(g)(4) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; or

(j) Any action similar to any of those enumerated above.

Item 5.            Interest in Securities of the Issuer.

(a)-(b) VPVP IV (Q) may be deemed, for purposes of Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (“Rule 13d-3”), to have sole power to direct the voting and disposition of 5,843,089 shares of Common Stock, representing approximately 26.8% of the 21,618,334 shares of Common Stock outstanding, based on information provided by the Issuer.

VPVP IV may be deemed, for purposes of Rule 13d-3, to have sole power to direct the voting and disposition of 584,948 shares of Common Stock, representing approximately 2.7% of the 21,618,334 shares of Common Stock outstanding, based on information provided by the Issuer.

VPVP IV Principals may be deemed, for purposes of Rule 13d-3, to have sole power to direct the voting and disposition of 21,277 shares of Common Stock, representing approximately 0.1% of the 21,618,334 shares of Common Stock outstanding, based on information provided by the Issuer.

VP IV Venture Associates, as the general partner of each of VPVP IV (Q), VPVP IV and VPVP IV Principals, may be deemed to have sole power to direct the voting and disposition of the 6,459,961 shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by VPVP IV (Q), VPVP and VPVP IV Principals or issuable upon the exercise of stock options granted to Ms. Bianchi, over which VP IV Venture Associates has sole voting and investment power, in the aggregate, representing approximately 29.6% of the 21,618,334 shares of Common Stock outstanding, based on information provided by the Issuer.

Mr. Alan Salzman, as a managing member of VP IV Venture Associates, may be deemed to have sole power to direct the voting and disposition of the 6,459,961 shares of Common Stock beneficially owned by VP IV Venture Associates, representing approximately 29.6% of the 21,618,334 shares of Common Stock outstanding, based on information provided by the Issuer.

Each of the Reporting Persons expressly disclaims beneficial ownership of the shares of capital stock of the Issuer owned by all other Reporting Persons.

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(c) Except as described in this Schedule 13D, none of the Reporting Persons has effected any transaction in the securities of the Issuer in the last 60 days.

(d) VP IV Venture Associates is the general partner of each of the VantagePoint Funds.  Mr. Salzman is a Managing Member of VP IV Venture Associates and therefore has the power to vote and dispose of shares of the Issuer’s Common Stock held by the VantagePoint Funds.  Under certain circumstances set forth in the limited partnership agreements of each of the VantagePoint Funds, the partners of such partnerships have the right to receive distributions, either cash or in-kind, with respect to the shares of the Issuer’s Common Stock that the VantagePoint Funds hold.  In addition, under certain circumstances set forth in the operating agreement of VP IV Venture Associates, the members of such limited liability company have the right to receive distributions, either cash or in-kind, with respect to the shares of the Issuer’s Common Stock held by the VantagePoint Funds.  To the knowledge of the Reporting Persons, no other person has the right to receive, or the power to direct the receipt of distributions, with respect to the securities of the Issuer held by the Reporting Persons.

(e) Not Applicable.

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Item 6.            Contracts, Arrangements, Understandings or Relationships With Respect to Securities of the Issuer.

The information set forth in Item 4 hereof is hereby incorporated by reference into this Item 6.

Item 7.            Materials to Be Filed as Exhibits.

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SIGNATURE

After reasonable inquiry and to the best of my knowledge and belief, each of the undersigned hereby certifies that the information set forth in this statement is true, complete and correct.

EXECUTED as a sealed instrument this 12th day of March, 2010.

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EXHIBIT INDEX

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Exhibit 1

JOINT FILING AGREEMENT PURSUANT TO RULE 13d-1(k)(1)

In accordance with Rule 13d-1(k) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the persons named below agree to the joint filing on behalf of each of them of the Schedule 13D to which this Agreement is an exhibit (and any further amendment filed by them) with respect to the shares of Common Stock of Anthera Pharmaceuticals, Inc.  This agreement may be executed simultaneously in any number of counterparts, all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

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