riv10q123112.htm
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C.  20549
 
FORM 10-Q
 
[X] 
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
   
  For the quarterly period ended December 31, 2012 
   
  OR 
   
[  ]
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
   
 
For the transition period from _____ to _____
 
Commission File Number: 0-22957

RIVERVIEW BANCORP, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
Washington    91-1838969 
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)    (I.R.S. Employer I.D. Number) 
     
900 Washington St., Ste. 900,Vancouver, Washington    98660 
(Address of principal executive offices)    (Zip Code) 
     
Registrant's telephone number, including area code:    (360) 693-6650 
                                                                                                                                                                       
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes [X] No [   ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).      Yes [X]  No [   ]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer [   ]                              Accelerated filer [   ]                                Non-accelerated filer [   ]                          Smaller Reporting Company [X]

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes [   ]  No [X]

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date:  Common Stock, $.01 par value per share, 22,471,890 shares outstanding as of February 12, 2013.
 
 
 

 

Form 10-Q

RIVERVIEW BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
INDEX

 
Part I. Financial Information Page
     
Item 1:  Financial Statements (Unaudited)   
     
 
Consolidated Balance Sheets
as of December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2012 
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the
Three and Nine Months Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Three and Nine Months Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Equity for the
Nine Months Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 
     
 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the
Nine Months Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 
     
  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements   7-22 
     
Item 2: 
Management's Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations 
23-39 
     
Item 3:  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk   40 
     
Item 4: Controls and Procedures   40 
     
Part II. Other Information 41-42 
     
Item 1:  Legal Proceedings   
     
Item 1A:  Risk Factors   
     
Item 2:  Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds   
     
Item 3:  Defaults Upon Senior Securities   
     
Item 4:  Mine Safety Disclosures   
     
Item 5:  Other Information   
     
Item 6:  Exhibits   
     
SIGNATURES  43 
     
Certifications  
  Exhibit 31.1    
  Exhibit 31.2    
  Exhibit 32    
 
 
 

 
 
Forward Looking Statements

As used in this Form 10-Q, the terms “we,” “our” and “Company” refer to Riverview Bancorp, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries, unless the context indicates otherwise. When we refer to “Bank” in this Form 10-Q, we are referring to Riverview Community Bank, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Riverview Bancorp, Inc.

“Safe Harbor” statement under the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995: When used in this Form 10-Q the words “believes,” “expects,” “anticipates,” “estimates,” “forecasts,” “intends,” “plans,” “targets,” “potentially,” “probably,” “projects,” “outlook,” or similar expressions or future or conditional verbs such as “may,” “will,” “should,” “would,” and “could.” or similar expression are intended to identify “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include statements with respect to our beliefs, plans, objectives, goals, expectations, assumptions and statements about future performance.  These forward-looking statements are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results anticipated, including, but not limited to: the credit risks of lending activities, including changes in the level and trend of loan delinquencies and write-offs and changes in the Company’s allowance for loan losses and provision for loan losses that may be impacted by deterioration in the housing and commercial real estate markets; changes in general economic conditions, either nationally or in the Company’s market areas; changes in the levels of general interest rates, and the relative differences between short and long term interest rates, deposit interest rates, the Company’s net interest margin and funding sources; fluctuations in the demand for loans, the number of unsold homes, land and other properties and fluctuations in real estate values in the Company’s market areas;  secondary market conditions for loans and the Company’s ability to sell loans in the secondary market; results of examinations of our bank subsidiary, Riverview Community Bank by the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and of the Company by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, or other regulatory authorities, including the possibility that any such regulatory authority may, among other things, require the Company to increase its reserve for loan losses, write-down assets, reclassify its assets, change Riverview Community Bank’s regulatory capital position or affect the Company’s ability to borrow funds or maintain or increase deposits, which could adversely affect its  liquidity and earnings; the Company’s compliance with  regulatory enforcement actions entered into with its banking regulators and the possibility that noncompliance could result in the imposition of additional enforcement actions and additional requirements or restrictions on its operations; legislative or regulatory changes that adversely affect the Company’s business including changes in regulatory policies and principles, or  the interpretation of regulatory capital or other rules, including as a result of Basel III; the Company’s ability to attract and retain deposits; further increases in premiums for deposit insurance; the Company’s ability to control operating costs and expenses; the use of estimates in determining fair value of certain of the Company’s assets, which estimates may prove to be incorrect and result in significant declines in valuation; difficulties in reducing risks associated with the loans on the Company’s balance sheet; staffing fluctuations in response to product demand or the implementation of corporate strategies that affect the Company’s workforce and potential associated charges; computer systems on which the Company depends could fail or experience a security breach; the Company’s ability to retain key members of its senior management team; costs and effects of litigation, including settlements and judgments; the Company’s ability to implement its business strategies; the Company’s ability to successfully integrate any assets, liabilities, customers, systems, and management personnel it may acquire into its operations and the Company’s ability to realize related revenue synergies and cost savings within expected time frames and any goodwill charges related thereto; increased competitive pressures among financial services companies; changes in consumer spending, borrowing and savings habits; the availability of resources to address changes in laws, rules, or regulations or to respond to regulatory actions; the Company’s ability to pay dividends on its common stock and interest or principal payments on its junior subordinated debentures; adverse changes in the securities markets; inability of key third-party providers to perform their obligations to us; changes in accounting policies and practices, as may be adopted by the financial institution regulatory agencies or the Financial Accounting Standards Board, including additional guidance and interpretation on accounting issues and details of the implementation of new accounting methods; other economic, competitive, governmental, regulatory, and technological factors affecting the Company’s operations, pricing, products and services and the other risks described from time to time in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

The Company cautions readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. Moreover, you should treat these statements as speaking only as of the date they are made and based only on information then actually known to the Company. The Company does not undertake to revise any forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of anticipated or unanticipated events or circumstances after the date of such statements. These risks could cause our actual results for fiscal 2013 and beyond to differ materially from those expressed in any forward-looking statements by, or on behalf of, us, and could negatively affect the Company’s financial condition and results of operations as well as its stock price performance.
 
 
 
1

 
Part I. Financial Information
Item 1. Financial Statements (Unaudited)
 
RIVERVIEW BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND MARCH 31, 2012
(In thousands, except share and per share data) (Unaudited)
 
December 31,
2012
   
March 31,
2012
 
ASSETS
           
Cash (including interest-earning accounts of $88,308 and $33,437)
$
107,080
 
$
46,393
 
Certificates of deposit held for investment
 
44,137
   
41,473
 
Loans held for sale
 
2,551
   
480
 
Investment securities held to maturity, at amortized cost
(fair value of $0 and $542)
 
-
   
493
 
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value
(amortized cost of $7,773  and $8,123)
 
6,204
   
6,314
 
Mortgage-backed securities held to maturity, at amortized
cost (fair value of $132 and $177)
 
129
   
171
 
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale, at fair value
(amortized cost of $529 and $940)
 
549
   
974
 
Loans receivable (net of allowance for loan losses of $19,633 and $19,921)
 
539,549
   
664,888
 
Real estate and other personal property owned
 
20,698
   
18,731
 
Prepaid expenses and other assets
 
3,399
   
6,362
 
Accrued interest receivable
 
1,818
   
2,158
 
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost
 
7,219
   
7,350
 
Premises and equipment, net
 
17,647
   
17,068
 
Deferred income taxes, net
 
527
   
603
 
Mortgage servicing rights, net
 
406
   
278
 
Goodwill
 
25,572
   
25,572
 
Core deposit intangible, net
 
83
   
137
 
Bank owned life insurance
 
16,996
   
16,553
 
TOTAL ASSETS
$
794,564
 
$
855,998
 
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
           
             
LIABILITIES:
           
Deposit accounts
$
682,794
 
$
744,455
 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
 
8,700
   
9,398
 
Advanced payments by borrowers for taxes and insurance
 
520
   
800
 
Junior subordinated debentures
 
22,681
   
22,681
 
Capital lease obligations
 
2,458
   
2,513
 
Total liabilities
 
717,153
   
779,847
 
             
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (See Note 14)
           
             
EQUITY:
           
Shareholders’ equity
           
Serial preferred stock, $.01 par value; 250,000 authorized, issued and outstanding: none
 
-
   
-
 
Common stock, $.01 par value; 50,000,000 authorized
           
December 31, 2012 – 22,471,890 issued and outstanding
 
225
   
225
 
March 31, 2012 – 22,471,890 issued and outstanding
           
Additional paid-in capital
 
65,563
   
65,610
 
Retained earnings
 
12,574
   
11,536
 
Unearned shares issued to employee stock ownership trust
 
(516
)
 
(593
)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
 
(1,023
)
 
(1,171
)
Total shareholders’ equity
 
76,823
   
75,607
 
             
Noncontrolling interest
 
588
   
544
 
Total equity
 
77,411
   
76,151
 
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
$
794,564
 
$
855,998
 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 
2

 
 
RIVERVIEW BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED
DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011
     Three Months Ended
December 31,
       Nine Months Ended
December 31,
 
(In thousands, except share and per share data) (Unaudited)
     2012        2011        2012        2011  
INTEREST INCOME:
                               
Interest and fees on loans receivable
  $ 7,838     $ 9,669     $ 25,351     $ 29,764  
Interest on investment securities – taxable
    131       28       222       109  
Interest on investment securities – nontaxable
    1       11       16       35  
Interest on mortgage-backed securities
    6       12       21       41  
Other interest and dividends
    160       109       417       273  
Total interest and dividend income
    8,136       9,829       26,027       30,222  
                                 
INTEREST EXPENSE:
                               
Interest on deposits
    595       1,061       2,117       3,449  
Interest on borrowings
    157       381       668       1,121  
Total interest expense
    752       1,442       2,785       4,570  
Net interest income
    7,384       8,387       23,242       25,652  
Less provision for loan losses
    -       8,100       4,500       11,850  
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
    7,384       287       18,742       13,802  
                                 
NON-INTEREST INCOME:
                               
Fees and service charges
    1,224       962       3,612       3,082  
Asset management fees
    517       568       1,625       1,763  
Net gain on sale of loans
    262       29       1,141       73  
Bank owned life insurance
    146       151       443       455  
Other
    (62 )     (180 )     20       (107 )
Total non-interest income
    2,087       1,530       6,841       5,266  
                                 
NON-INTEREST EXPENSE:
                               
Salaries and employee benefits
    3,872       4,014       11,274       12,039  
Occupancy and depreciation
    1,241       1,211       3,711       3,540  
Data processing
    435       306       1,041       1,136  
Amortization of core deposit intangible
    17       20       54       62  
Advertising and marketing expense
    193       286       681       814  
FDIC insurance premium
    433       289       1,114       848  
State and local taxes
    132       150       417       410  
Telecommunications
    73       109       310       324  
Professional fees
    447       334       1,149       971  
Real estate owned expenses
    1,069       2,781       2,899       3,967  
Other
    522       692       1,872       2,083  
Total non-interest expense
    8,434       10,192       24,522       26,194  
                                 
INCOME (LOSS) BEFORE INCOME TAXES
    1,037       (8,375 )     1,061       (7,126 )
PROVISION FOR INCOME TAXES
    6       8,220       23       8,574  
NET INCOME (LOSS)
  $ 1,031     $ (16,595 )   $ 1,038     $ (15,700 )
                                 
Earnings (loss) per common share:
                               
Basic
  $ 0.05     $ (0.74 )   $ 0.05     $ (0.70 )
Diluted
    0.05       (0.74 )     0.05       (0.70 )
   Weighted average number of shares outstanding:
                               
Basic
    22,345,644       22,321,011       22,339,509       22,314,876  
Diluted
    22,345,644       22,321,011       22,309,509       22,314,876  

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
3

 
 
RIVERVIEW BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
FOR THE THREE AND NINE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011
 
   
Three Months Ended
December 31,
   
Nine Months Ended
December 31,
 
(In thousands) (Unaudited)
     2012        2011        2012        2011  
                                 
Net income (loss)
  $ 1,031     $ (16,595 )   $ 1,038     $ (15,700 )
                                 
Other comprehensive income (loss):
                               
Unrealized holding gain (loss) on securities, net of tax effect of ($89),
$4, ($76) and ($135)
    173       (7 )     148       264  
                                 
Noncontrolling interest
    13       15       44       57  
Total comprehensive income (loss)
  $ 1,217     $ (16,587 )   $ 1,230     $ (15,379 )
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.








 
4

 

RIVERVIEW BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY
FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011
 
(In thousands, except
share data) 
   
Common Stock
       
Additional Paid-In
       
Retained
       
Unearned
Shares
Issued to
Employee
Stock Ownership
       
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
      Noncontrolling          
(Unaudited)
   
Shares
     
Amount
     
Capital
     
Earnings
     
Trust
     
Loss
     
Interest
     
Total
 
                                                                 
Balance April 1, 2011
    22,471,890     $ 225     $ 65,639     $ 43,193     $ (696 )   $ (1,417 )   $ 465     $ 107,409  
                                                                 
Net loss
    -       -       -       (15,700 )     -       -       -       (15,700 )
Stock based compensation
    expense
    -       -       11       -       -       -       -       11  
Earned ESOP shares
    -       -       (29 )     -       77       -       -       48  
Unrealized holding gain on securities available for sale, net of tax ($135)
    -       -       -       -       -       264       -       264  
Noncontrolling interest
    -       -       -       -       -       -       57       57  
                                                                 
Balance December 31, 2011
    22,471,890     $ 225     $ 65,621     $ 27,493     $ (619 )   $ (1,153 )   $ 522     $ 92,089  
                                                                 
Balance April 1, 2012
    22,471,890     $ 225     $ 65,610     $ 11,536     $ (593 )   $ (1,171 )   $ 544     $ 76,151  
                                                                 
Net income
    -       -       -       1,038       -       -       -       1,038  
Stock based compensation
    expense
    -       -       1       -       -       -       -       1  
Earned ESOP shares
    -       -       (48 )     -       77       -       -       29  
Unrealized holding gain on securities available for sale, net of tax of ($76)
    -       -       -       -       -       148       -       148  
Noncontrolling interest
    -       -       -       -       -       -       44       44  
                                                                 
Balance December 31, 2012
    22,471,890     $ 225     $ 65,563     $ 12,574     $ (516 )   $ (1,023 )   $ 588     $ 77,411  

 
 

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
 
 
 
 
5

 

RIVERVIEW BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
FOR THE NINE MONTHS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2012 AND 2011
 
     
(In thousands) (Unaudited)
 
2012
   
2011
 
             
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
           
Net income (loss)
$
1,038
 
$
(15,700
)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to cash provided by operating activities:
           
Depreciation and amortization
 
1,411
   
1,429
 
Provision for loan losses
 
4,500
   
11,850
 
Noncash expense related to ESOP
 
29
   
48
 
Provision for deferred income taxes
 
-
   
8,717
 
Decrease in deferred loan origination fees, net of amortization
 
(294
)
 
(33
)
Origination of loans held for sale
 
(21,138
)
 
(2,858
)
Proceeds from sales of loans held for sale
 
19,588
   
2,399
 
Stock based compensation expense
 
1
   
11
 
Writedown of real estate owned, net
 
2,316
   
3,304
 
Net (gain) loss on loans held for sale, sale of real estate owned,
mortgage-backed securities, investment securities and premises and equipment
 
(864
)
 
233
 
Income from bank owned life insurance
 
(443
)
 
(455
)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
           
Prepaid expenses and other assets
 
2,692
   
(353
)
Accrued interest receivable
 
340
   
145
 
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
 
(533
)
 
342
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
 
8,643
   
9,079
 
             
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
           
Loan (originations) repayments, net
 
80,114
   
(19,913
)
Proceeds from sale of loans
 
31,394
   
-
 
Proceeds from call, maturity, or sale of investment securities available for sale
 
5,000
   
5,000
 
Principal repayments on investment securities available for sale
 
350
   
392
 
Principal repayments on investment securities held to maturity
 
493
   
13
 
Purchase of investment securities available for sale
 
(5,000
)
 
(5,000
)
Principal repayments on mortgage-backed securities available for sale
 
411
   
622
 
Principal repayments on mortgage-backed securities held to maturity
 
42
   
13
 
Purchase of certificates of deposit held for investment
 
(2,664
)
 
(27,818
)
Proceeds from redemption of Federal Home Loan Bank stock
 
131
   
-
 
Purchase of premises and equipment and capitalized software
 
(1,720
)
 
(1,474
)
Capitalized improvements related to real estate owned
 
(72
)
 
(207
)
Proceeds from sale of real estate owned and premises and equipment
 
5,561
   
5,645
 
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
 
114,040
   
(42,727
)
             
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES
           
Net increase (decrease) in deposit accounts
 
(61,661
)
 
18,516
 
Proceeds from borrowings
 
5,000
   
5,000
 
Repayment of borrowings
 
(5,000
)
 
(5,000
)
Principal payments under capital lease obligation
 
(55
)
 
(36
)
Net decrease in advance payments by borrowers
 
(280
)
 
(271
)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
 
(61,996
)
 
18,209
 
             
NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH
 
60,687
   
(15,439
)
CASH, BEGINNING OF PERIOD
 
46,393
   
51,752
 
CASH, END OF PERIOD
$
107,080
 
$
36,313
 
             
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURES OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
           
Cash paid during the period for:
           
 Interest
$
2,147
 
$
3,481
 
         Income taxes
 
4
   
830
 
             
NONCASH INVESTING AND FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
           
Transfer of loans to real estate owned
$
13,594
 
$
2,989
 
Transfer of real estate owned to loans
 
3,549
   
881
 
Fair value adjustment to securities available for sale
 
224
   
399
 
Income tax effect related to fair value adjustment
 
(76
)
 
(135
)

See notes to consolidated financial statements.

 
6

 

RIVERVIEW BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)

1.  
BASIS OF PRESENTATION

The accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with instructions for Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and, therefore, do not include all disclosures necessary for a complete presentation of financial condition, results of operations and cash flows in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). However, all adjustments that are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the interim unaudited financial statements have been included. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature.

The unaudited consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited financial statements included in the Riverview Bancorp, Inc. Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012 (“2012 Form 10-K”). The results of operations for the nine months ended December 31, 2012 are not necessarily indicative of the results, which may be expected for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2013. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.

2.  
PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Riverview Bancorp, Inc. (“Bancorp” or the “Company”); its wholly-owned subsidiary, Riverview Community Bank (“Bank”); the Bank’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Riverview Services, Inc.; and the Bank’s majority-owned subsidiary, Riverview Asset Management Corp. (“RAMCorp.”)  All inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation.

3.  
STOCK PLANS AND STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

In July 1998, shareholders of the Company approved the adoption of the 1998 Stock Option Plan (“1998 Plan”). The 1998 Plan was effective October 1, 1998 and expired on October 1, 2008.  Accordingly, no further option awards may be granted under the 1998 Plan; however, any outstanding awards granted prior to its expiration remain outstanding subject to their terms.

In July 2003, shareholders of the Company approved the adoption of the 2003 Stock Option Plan (“2003 Plan”). The 2003 Plan was effective July 2003 and will expire on the tenth anniversary of the effective date, unless terminated sooner by the Company’s Board of Directors (“Board”). Under the 2003 Plan, the Company may grant both incentive and non-qualified stock options to purchase up to 458,554 shares of its common stock to officers, directors and employees. Each option granted under the 2003 Plan has an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, a maximum term of ten years and a vesting period from zero to five years.  At December 31, 2012, there were options for 105,154 shares of the Company’s common stock available for future grant under the 2003 Plan.

The following table presents information on stock options outstanding for the period shown.

 
Nine Months Ended
December 31, 2012
 
Number
of Shares
   
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Balance, beginning of period
440,500
 
$
8.87
Grants
-
   
-
Options exercised
-
   
-
Forfeited
(3,000
)
 
1.97
Expired
(20,000
)
 
6.76
Balance, end of period
417,500
 
$
9.02
 

 
 
7

 
The following table presents information on stock options outstanding for the periods shown, less estimated forfeitures.

 
Nine Months
Ended
December 31, 2012
 
Nine Months
Ended
December 31, 2011
Stock options fully vested and expected to vest:
             
Number
 
417,100
     
449,575
 
Weighted average exercise price
$
9.02
   
$
8.96
 
Aggregate intrinsic value (1)
$
-
   
$
-
 
Weighted average contractual term of options (years)
 
4.48
     
5.24
 
Stock options fully vested and currently exercisable:
             
Number
 
413,700
     
441,800
 
Weighted average exercise price
$
9.08
   
$
9.06
 
Aggregate intrinsic value (1)
$
-
   
$
-
 
Weighted average contractual term of options (years)
 
4.45
     
5.19
 
               
(1)  The aggregate intrinsic value of a stock options represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the amount by which the current market value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price) that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised.  This amount changes based on changes in the market value of the Company’s common stock.

Stock-based compensation expense related to stock options for the nine months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 was $1,000 and $11,000, respectively. As of December 31, 2012, there was $3,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to unvested stock options, which will be recognized over the remaining vesting periods of the underlying stock options through December 2014.

The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes based stock option valuation model. There were no stock options granted during the nine months ended December 31, 2012.

4.  
EARNINGS PER SHARE

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is computed by dividing net income applicable to common stock by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, without considering any dilutive items.  Diluted EPS is computed by dividing net income applicable to common stock by the weighted average number of common shares and common stock equivalents for items that are dilutive, net of shares assumed to be repurchased using the treasury stock method at the average share price for the Company’s common stock during the period. Common stock equivalents arise from assumed conversion of outstanding stock options. Shares owned by the Company’s Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) that have not been allocated are not considered to be outstanding for the purpose of computing earnings per share.  For the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, stock options for 420,000 and 423,000 shares, respectively, of common stock were excluded in computing diluted EPS because they were antidilutive.  For the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011, stock options for 451,000 and 458,000 shares, respectively, of common stock were excluded in computing diluted EPS because they were antidilutive.

 
 
Three Months Ended
 December 31,
 
 
Nine Months Ended
 December 31,
 
   
2012
   
2011
   
2012
   
2011
 
Basic EPS computation:
                       
Numerator-net income (loss)
$
1,031,000
 
$
(16,595,000
)
$
1,038,000
 
$
(15,700,000
)
Denominator-weighted average common shares outstanding
 
22,345,644
   
22,321,011
   
22,339,509
   
22,314,876
 
Basic EPS
$
0.05
 
$
(0.74
)
$
0.05
 
$
(0.70
)
Diluted EPS computation:
                       
Numerator-net income (loss)
$
1,031,000
 
$
(16,595,000
)
$
1,038,000
 
$
(15,700,000
)
Denominator-weighted average common shares outstanding
 
22,345,644
   
22,321,011
   
22,339,509
   
22,314,876
 
Effect of dilutive stock options
 
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
 
Weighted average common shares
                       
and common stock equivalents
 
22,345,644
   
22,321,011
   
22,339,509
   
22,314,876
 
Diluted EPS
$
0.05
 
$
(0.74
)
$
0.05
 
$
(0.70
)
 
 
8

 

 
5.  
INVESTMENT SECURITIES

The Company did not have any investment securities held to maturity at December 31, 2012.  At March 31, 2012, investment securities held to maturity consisted of the following (in thousands):

 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
March 31, 2012
                     
Municipal bonds
$
493
 
$
49
 
$
-
 
$
542
                       

The amortized cost and fair value of investment securities available for sale consisted of the following at the dates indicated (in thousands):

 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Estimated
Fair Value
December 31, 2012
                     
Trust preferred
$
2,773
 
$
-
 
$
(1,569
)
$
1,204
Agency securities
 
5,000
   
-
   
-
   
5,000
Total
$
7,773
 
$
-
 
$
(1,569
)
$
6,204
                       
March 31, 2012
                     
Trust preferred
$
2,974
 
$
-
 
$
(1,808
)
$
1,166
Agency securities
 
5,000
   
-
   
(1
)
 
4,999
Municipal bonds
 
149
   
-
   
-
   
149
Total
$
8,123
 
$
-
 
$
(1,809
)
$
6,314

The contractual maturities of investment securities available for sale at December 31, 2012 are as follows (in thousands):
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Estimated
Fair Value
Due in one year or less
$
-
 
$
-
Due after one year through five years
 
-
   
-
Due after five years through ten years
 
5,000
   
5,000
Due after ten years
 
2,773
   
1,204
Total
$
7,773
 
$
6,204

The fair value of temporarily impaired securities, the amount of unrealized losses and the length of time these unrealized losses existed are as follows at the dates indicated (in thousands):

 
Less than 12 months
 
  12 months or longer
 
  Total
 
   
Fair
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair
Value
   
Unrealized
Losses
 
December 31, 2012
                                   
                                     
Trust preferred
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
1,204
 
$
(1,569
)
$
1,204
 
$
(1,569
)
                                     
March 31, 2012
                                   
                                     
Trust preferred
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
1,166
 
$
(1,808
)
$
1,166
 
$
(1,808
)
Agency securities
 
4,999
   
(1
)
 
-
   
-
   
4,999
   
(1
)
Total
$
4,999
 
$
(1
)
$
1,166
 
$
(1,808
)
$
6,165
 
$
(1,809
)

At December 31, 2012, the Company had a single collateralized debt obligation which is secured by trust preferred securities issued by 17 other holding companies. The Company holds the mezzanine tranche of this security.  All tranches senior to the mezzanine tranche have been repaid by the issuers. Four of the issuers in this pool have defaulted (representing 43% of the remaining collateral, including excess collateral), and four other issuers are currently in deferral (11% of the remaining collateral). Subsequent to December 31, 2012, one issuer cured its deferral reducing the number of issuers in deferral to three (8% of remaining collateral). The Company has estimated an expected default rate of 37% for its portion of this security. The expected default rate was estimated based primarily on an analysis of the financial condition of the underlying issuers. The Company estimates that a default rate of 47% would trigger additional other than temporary impairment (“OTTI”) of this security. The Company utilized a discount rate of 20% to estimate the fair value of this security. There was no excess subordination on this security.

During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, the Company determined that there was no additional OTTI charge on the above collateralized debt obligation. The Company does not intend to sell this security and it is not more
 
 
9

 
likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the security before the anticipated recovery of the remaining amortized cost basis.

To determine the component of gross OTTI related to credit losses, the Company compared the amortized cost basis of the OTTI security to the present value of the revised expected cash flows, discounted using the current pre-impairment yield.  The revised expected cash flow estimates are based primarily on an analysis of default rates, prepayment speeds and third-party analytical reports.  Significant judgment of management is required in this analysis that includes, but is not limited to, assumptions regarding the ultimate collectibility of principal and interest on the underlying collateral.

The Company realized no gains or losses on sales of investment securities for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011. Investment securities with an amortized cost and fair value of $1.0 million at December 31, 2012, were pledged as collateral for government public funds by the Bank. There were no securities pledges as collateral for government public funds held by the Bank at March 31, 2012.

6.  
MORTGAGE-BACKED SECURITIES

Mortgage-backed securities held to maturity consisted of the following at the dates indicated (in thousands):

   
Amortized
Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
December 31, 2012
                       
FHLMC mortgage-backed securities (1)
$
33
 
$
2
 
$
-
 
$
35
 
FNMA mortgage-backed securities (2)
 
96
   
1
   
-
   
97
 
Total
$
129
 
$
3
 
$
-
 
$
132
 
March 31, 2012
                       
FHLMC mortgage-backed securities
$
69
 
$
4
 
$
-
 
$
73
 
FNMA mortgage-backed securities
 
102
   
2
   
-
   
104
 
Total
$
171
 
$
6
 
$
-
 
$
177
 
                         
(1) Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC)
                       
(2) Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA)
                       

The contractual maturities of mortgage-backed securities classified as held to maturity at December 31, 2012 are as follows (in thousands):

   
Amortized
Cost
   
Estimated
Fair Value
Due in one year or less
$
-
 
$
-
Due after one year through five years
 
2
   
2
Due after five years through ten years
 
12
   
13
Due after ten years
 
115
   
117
Total
$
129
 
$
132

Mortgage-backed securities held to maturity with an amortized cost of $54,000 and $69,000 and a fair value of $56,000 and $71,000 at December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively, were pledged as collateral for governmental public funds held by the Bank.

Mortgage-backed securities available for sale consisted of the following at the dates indicated (in thousands):

December 31, 2012
 
Amortized
Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Estimated
Fair
Value
 
Real estate mortgage investment conduits
$
252
 
$
8
 
$
-
 
$
260
 
FHLMC mortgage-backed securities
 
273
   
12
   
-
   
285
 
FNMA mortgage-backed securities
 
4
   
-
   
-
   
4
 
Total
$
529
 
$
20
 
$
-
 
$
549
 
March 31, 2012
                       
Real estate mortgage investment conduits
$
319
 
$
10
 
$
-
 
$
329
 
FHLMC mortgage-backed securities
 
613
   
23
   
-
   
636
 
FNMA mortgage-backed securities
 
8
   
1
   
-
   
9
 
Total
$
940
 
$
34
 
$
-
 
$
974
 

 
10

 
The contractual maturities of mortgage-backed securities available for sale at December 31, 2012 are as follows (in thousands):
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Estimated
Fair Value
Due in one year or less
$
89
 
$
90
Due after one year through five years
 
253
   
268
Due after five years through ten years
 
-
   
-
Due after ten years
 
187
   
191
Total
$
529
 
$
549

Expected maturities of mortgage-backed securities will differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to prepay obligations with or without prepayment penalties.

Mortgage-backed securities available for sale with an amortized cost of $529,000 and $744,000 and a fair value of $549,000 and $776,000 at December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively, were pledged as collateral for government public funds held by the Bank. The real estate mortgage investment conduits consist of FHLMC and FNMA securities.

7.  
LOANS RECEIVABLE

Loans receivable, excluding loans held for sale, consisted of the following at the dates indicated (in thousands):

   
December 31,
2012
   
March 31,
2012
Commercial and construction
         
Commercial business
$
75,090
 
$
87,238
Other real estate mortgage (1)
 
367,158
   
434,763
Real estate construction
 
17,615
   
25,791
Total commercial and construction
 
459,863
   
547,792
           
Consumer
         
Real estate one-to-four family
 
97,334
   
134,975
Other installment
 
1,985
   
2,042
Total consumer
 
99,319
   
137,017
           
Total loans
 
559,182
   
684,809
           
Less:  Allowance for loan losses
 
19,633
   
19,921
Loans receivable, net
$
539,549
 
$
664,888
           
 (1) Other real estate mortgage consists of commercial real estate, land and multi-family loans

The Company’s loan portfolio has very little exposure to sub-prime mortgage loans since the Company has not historically engaged in this type of lending. At December 31, 2012, loans carried at $376.1 million were pledged as collateral to the Federal Home Loan Bank of Seattle (“FHLB”) and Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco (“FRB”) under borrowing agreements.

Most of the Bank’s business activity is with customers located in the states of Washington and Oregon. Loans and extensions of credit outstanding at one time to one borrower or a group of related borrowers are generally limited by federal regulation to 15% of the Bank’s shareholders’ equity, excluding accumulated other comprehensive loss. As of December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2012, the Bank had no loans to any one borrower in excess of the regulatory limit.

8.  
ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES

Allowance for loan loss: The allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level sufficient to provide for probable loan losses based on evaluating known and inherent risks in the loan portfolio. The allowance is provided based upon the Company’s ongoing quarterly assessment of the pertinent factors underlying the quality of the loan portfolio. These factors include changes in the size and composition of the loan portfolio, delinquency levels, actual loan loss experience, current economic conditions and detailed analysis of individual loans for which full collectability may not be assured. The detailed analysis includes techniques to estimate the fair value of loan collateral and the existence of potential alternative sources of repayment. The allowance consists of specific, general and unallocated components. The specific component relates to loans that are considered impaired. For loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows, or collateral value or observable market price, of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers non-impaired loans based on the Company’s risk rating system and historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors. An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that the Company believes have resulted in losses that have not yet been allocated to specific elements of the general component. Such factors include uncertainties in economic conditions and in identifying triggering events that directly correlate to subsequent loss rates, changes in appraised value of underlying collateral, risk factors that have not yet manifested
 
 
11

 
themselves in loss allocation factors and historical loss experience data that may not precisely correspond to the current portfolio or economic conditions. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio. The appropriate allowance level is estimated based upon factors and trends identified by the Company at the time the consolidated financial statements are prepared.

Commercial business, commercial real estate, multi-family, construction and land acquisition and development loans are typically  considered to have a higher degree of credit risk than one-to-four family residential loans, and tend to be more vulnerable to adverse conditions in the real estate market and deteriorating economic conditions. While the Company believes the estimates and assumptions used in its determination of the allowance are reasonable, there can be no assurance that such estimates and assumptions will not be proven incorrect in the future, that the actual amount of future provisions will not exceed the amount of past provisions, or that any increased provisions that may be required will not adversely impact our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, bank regulators periodically review the Company’s allowance and may require the Company to increase its provision for loan losses or recognize additional loan charge-offs. An increase in the Company’s allowance for loan losses or loan charge-offs as required by these regulatory authorities may have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations.

Management’s evaluation of the allowance for loan losses is based on ongoing, quarterly assessments of the known and inherent risks in the loan portfolio. Loss factors are based on the Company’s historical loss experience with additional consideration and adjustments made for changes in economic conditions, changes in the amount and composition of the loan portfolio, delinquency rates, changes in collateral values, seasoning of the loan portfolio, duration of current business cycle, a detailed analysis of impaired loans and other factors as deemed appropriate. These factors are evaluated on a quarterly basis. Loss rates used by the Company are affected as changes in these factors increase or decrease from quarter to quarter. The Company also considers bank regulatory examination results and findings of internal credit examiners in its quarterly evaluation of the allowance for loan losses. The Company has focused on managing these portfolios in an attempt to minimize the effects of declining home values and slower home sales in its market areas.

The following tables present a reconciliation of the allowance for loan losses for the periods indicated (in thousands):

Three months ended
December 31, 2012
 
Commercial  
Business
   
Commercial
Real Estate
   
Land
   
Multi-
Family
   
Real Estate Construction
   
Consumer
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
                                                 
Beginning balance
$
2,283
 
$
7,376
 
$
3,675
 
$
950
 
$
506
 
$
3,315
 
$
2,035
 
$
20,140
 
Provision for loan losses
 
416
   
(836
)
 
(885
)
 
(297
)
 
(46
)
 
(101
)
 
1,749
   
-
 
Charge-offs
 
(204
)
 
(390
)
 
(52
)
 
-
   
(13
)
 
(149
)
 
-
   
(808
)
Recoveries
 
6
   
9
   
-
   
238
   
1
   
47
   
-
   
301
 
Ending balance
$
2,501
 
$
6,159
 
$
2,738
 
$
891
 
$
448
 
$
3,112
 
$
3,784
 
$
19,633
 

Nine months ended
December 31, 2012
                                               
                                                 
Beginning balance
$
2,688
 
$
5,599
 
$
4,906
 
$
1,121
 
$
412
 
$
3,274
 
$
1,921
 
$
19,921
 
Provision for loan losses
 
916
   
2,022
   
(1,093
)
 
(85
)
 
161
   
716
   
1,863
   
4,500
 
Charge-offs
 
(1,195
)
 
(1,471
)
 
(1,106
)
 
(384
)
 
(129
)
 
(983
)
 
-
   
(5,268
)
Recoveries
 
92
   
9
   
31
   
239
   
4
   
105
   
-
   
480
 
Ending balance
$
2,501
 
$
6,159
 
$
2,738
 
$
891
 
$
448
 
$
3,112
 
$
3,784
 
$
19,633
 

Three months ended
December 31, 2011
                                               
                                                 
Beginning balance
$
1,675
 
$
4,432
 
$
2,486
 
$
1,785
 
$
1,060
 
$
1,577
 
$
1,657
 
$
14,672
 
Provision for loan losses
 
1,120
   
(489
)
 
6,731
   
754
   
(517
)
 
493
   
8
   
8,100
 
Charge-offs
 
(692
)
 
-
   
(4,302
)
 
(1,505
)
 
-
   
(385
)
 
-
   
(6,884
)
Recoveries
 
5
   
-
   
33
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
38
 
Ending balance
$
2,108
 
$
3,943
 
$
4,948
 
$
1,034
 
$
543
 
$
1,685
 
$
1,665
 
$
15,926
 

Nine months ended
December 31, 2011
                                               
                                                 
Beginning balance
$
1,822
 
$
4,744
 
$
2,003
 
$
2,172
 
$
820
 
$
1,339
 
$
2,068
 
$
14,968
 
Provision for loan losses
 
1,775
   
(694
)
 
9,093
   
1,226
   
(277
)
 
1,130
   
(403
)
 
11,850
 
Charge-offs
 
(1,502
)
 
(107
)
 
(6,181
)
 
(2,364
)
 
-
   
(794
)
 
-
   
(10,948
)
Recoveries
 
13
   
-
   
33
   
-
   
-
   
10
   
-
   
56
 
Ending balance
$
2,108
 
$
3,943
 
$
4,948
 
$
1,034
 
$
543
 
$
1,685
 
$
1,665
 
$
15,926
 

 
12

 

The following tables present an analysis of loans receivable and allowance for loan losses, which were evaluated individually and collectively for impairment at the dates indicated (in thousands):
 
Allowance for loan losses
 
Recorded investment in loans
 
December 31, 2012
 
Individually
Evaluated for
Impairment
   
Collectively
Evaluated for
Impairment
   
Total
   
Individually
Evaluated for
Impairment
   
Collectively
Evaluated for
Impairment
   
Total
 
                                     
Commercial business
$
457
 
$
2,044
 
$
2,501
 
$
3,014
 
$
72,076
 
$
75,090
 
Commercial real estate
 
377
   
5,782
   
6,159
   
19,196
   
287,561
   
306,757
 
Land
 
56
   
2,682
   
2,738
   
4,785
   
21,338
   
26,123
 
Multi-family
 
28
   
863
   
891
   
7,286
   
26,992
   
34,278
 
Real estate construction
 
-
   
448
   
448
   
687
   
16,928
   
17,615
 
Consumer
 
245
   
2,867
   
3,112
   
4,941
   
94,378
   
99,319
 
Unallocated
 
-
   
3,784
   
3,784
   
-
   
-
   
-
 
Total
$
1,163
 
$
18,470
 
$
19,633
 
$
39,909
 
$
519,273
 
$
559,182
 

March 31, 2012
                                   
                                     
Commercial business
$
73
 
$
2,615
 
$
2,688
 
$
7,818
 
$
79,420
 
$
87,238
 
Commercial real estate
 
686
   
4,913
   
5,599
   
22,824
   
330,256
   
353,080
 
Land
 
624
   
4,282
   
4,906
   
14,226
   
24,662
   
38,888
 
Multi-family
 
4
   
1,117
   
1,121
   
8,265
   
34,530
   
42,795
 
Real estate construction
 
18
   
394
   
412
   
7,613
   
18,178
   
25,791
 
Consumer
 
197
   
3,077
   
3,274
   
4,967
   
132,050
   
137,017
 
Unallocated
 
-
   
1,921
   
1,921
   
-
   
-
   
-
 
Total
$
1,602
 
$
18,319
 
$
19,921
 
$
65,713
 
$
619,096
 
$
684,809
 

Non-accrual loans:  Loans are reviewed regularly and it is the Company’s general policy that a loan is past due when it is 30 days to 89 days delinquent. In general, when a loan is 90 days delinquent or when collection of principal or interest appears doubtful, it is placed on non-accrual status, at which time the accrual of interest ceases and a reserve for unrecoverable accrued interest is established and charged against operations. Payments received on non-accrual loans are applied to reduce the outstanding principal balance on a cash-basis method. As a general practice, a loan is not removed from non-accrual status until all delinquent principal, interest and late fees have been brought current and the borrower has demonstrated a history of performance based upon the contractual terms of the note. Interest income foregone on non-accrual loans was $1.2 million and $1.6 million during the nine months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

The following tables present an analysis of past due loans at the dates indicated (in thousands):
 
December 31, 2012
   
30-89 Days
Past Due
     
90 Days
and
Greater
(Non-
Accrual)
     
Total
Past Due
     
Current
     
Total
Loans
Receivable
     
Recorded Investment
> 90 Days
and
Accruing
 
                                                 
Commercial business
  $ 138     $ 1,019     $ 1,157     $ 73,933     $ 75,090     $ -  
Commercial real estate
    6,254       10,601       16,855       289,902       306,757       -  
Land
    -       3,573       3,573       22,550       26,123       -  
Multi-family
    -       5,957       5,957       28,321       34,278       -  
Real estate construction
    -       687       687       16,928       17,615       -  
Consumer
    1,642       2,828       4,470       94,849       99,319       -  
 Total
  $ 8,034     $ 24,665     $ 32,699     $ 526,483     $ 559,182     $ -  

March 31, 2012
                                               
                                                 
Commercial business
  $ 535     $ 3,930     $ 4,465     $ 82,773     $ 87,238     $ -  
Commercial real estate
    5,733       13,950       19,683       333,397       353,080       -  
Land
    128       12,985       13,113       25,775       38,888       -  
Multi-family
    -       1,627       1,627       41,168       42,795       -  
Real estate construction
    -       7,756       7,756       18,035       25,791       -  
Consumer
    2,453       3,915       6,368       130,649       137,017       -  
Total
  $ 8,849     $ 44,163     $ 53,012     $ 631,797     $ 684,809     $ -  

Credit quality indicators: The Company monitors credit risk in its loan portfolio using a risk rating system for all commercial (non-consumer) loans. The risk rating system is a measure of the credit risk of the borrower based on their historical, current and anticipated financial characteristics. The Company assigns a risk rating to each commercial loan at
 
 
13

 
origination and subsequently updates these ratings, as necessary, so the risk rating continues to reflect the appropriate risk characteristics of the loan. Application of appropriate risk ratings is key to management of the loan portfolio risk. In arriving at the rating, the Company considers the following factors: delinquency, payment history, quality of management, liquidity, leverage, earning trends, alternative funding sources, geographic risk, industry risk, cash flow adequacy, account practices, asset protection and extraordinary risks. Consumer loans, including custom construction loans, are not assigned a risk rating but rather are grouped into homogeneous pools with similar risk characteristics unless the loan is placed on non-accrual status in which case it is assigned a substandard risk rating. Loss factors are assigned to each risk rating and homogeneous pool based on historical loss experience for similar loans. This historical loss experience is adjusted for qualitative factors that are likely to cause the estimated credit losses to differ from the Company’s historical loss experience. The Company uses these loss factors to estimate the general component of its allowance for loan losses.

Pass - These loans have risk rating between 1 and 4 and are to borrowers that meet normal credit standards.  Any deficiencies in satisfactory asset quality, liquidity, debt servicing capacity and coverage are offset by strengths in other areas. The borrower currently has the capacity to perform according to the loan terms. Any concerns about risk factors such as stability of margins, stability of cash flows, liquidity, dependence on a single product/supplier/customer, depth of management, etc., are offset by strength in other areas. Typically, the operating assets of the company and/or real estate will secure these loans. Management of borrowers of loans with this rating is considered competent and the borrower has the ability to repay the debt in the normal course of business.

Watch – These loans have a risk rating of 5 and would typically have many of the attributes of loans in the pass rating. However, there would typically be some reason for additional management oversight, such as recent financial setbacks, deteriorating financial position, industry concerns and failure to perform on other borrowing obligations. Loans with this rating are to be monitored closely in an effort to correct deficiencies.

Special mention – These loans have a risk rating of 6 and are currently protected but have the potential to deteriorate to a “substandard” rating. The borrower’s financial performance may be inconsistent or below forecast, creating the possibility of liquidity problems and shrinking debt service coverage. The borrower may have a short track record and little depth of management. Other typical characteristics include inadequate current financial information, marginal capitalization, and susceptibility to negative industry trends. The primary source of repayment is still viable but there is increasing reliance on collateral or guarantor support.
 
Substandard – These loans have a risk rating of 7 and are rated in accordance with regulatory guidelines, for which the accrual of interest may or may not be discontinued. By definition, a “substandard” loan has defined weaknesses which make payment default or principal exposure likely, but not yet certain. Such loans are apt to be dependent upon collateral liquidation, a secondary source of repayment, or an event outside of the normal course of business.
 
Doubtful - These loans have a risk rating of 8 and are rated in accordance with regulatory guidelines. Such loans are placed on nonaccrual status and may be dependent upon collateral having a value that is difficult to determine or upon some near-term event which lacks certainty.
 
Loss - These loans have a risk rating of 9 and are rated in accordance with regulatory guidelines. Such loans are to be charged-off or charged-down when payment is acknowledged to be uncertain or when the timing or value of payments cannot be determined. “Loss” is not intended to imply that the loan or some portion of it will never be paid, nor does it in any way imply that there has been a forgiveness of debt.

The following tables present an analysis of credit quality indicators at the dates indicated (dollars in thousands):
 
 
December 31, 2012
   
March 31, 2012
   
Weighted-
Average Risk
Grade
   
Classified
Loans(2)
     
Weighted-
Average
Risk Grade
   
Classified
Loans(2)
                         
Commercial business
 
3.71
 
$
6,583
     
3.97
 
$
13,456
Commercial real estate
 
4.01
   
43,359
     
3.88
   
35,077
Land
 
4.68
   
5,627
     
5.60
   
17,560
Multi-family
 
3.90
   
7,286
     
4.06
   
8,265
Real estate construction
 
3.24
   
687
     
4.51
   
7,756
Consumer (1)
 
7.00
   
2,828
     
7.00
   
3,915
Total
 
3.98
 
$
66,370
     
4.08
 
$
86,029
                         
Total loans risk rated
$
462,398
         
$
550,174
     
                         
  (1) Consumer loans are primarily evaluated on a homogenous pool level and generally not individually risk rated unless certain factors are met.
  (2)  Classified loans consist of substandard, doubtful and loss loans.

 
14

 
Impaired loans: A loan is considered impaired when it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts (principal and interest) due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Typically, factors used in determining if a loan is impaired are, but not limited to, whether the loan is 90 days or more delinquent, internally designated as substandard, on non-accrual status or a troubled debt restructuring (“TDRs”). The majority of the Company’s impaired loans are considered collateral dependent. When a loan is considered collateral dependent impairment is measured using the estimated value of the underlying collateral, less any prior liens, and when applicable, less estimated selling costs. For impaired loans that are not collateral dependent impairment is measured using the present value of expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate. When the net realizable value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan (including accrued interest, net deferred loan fees or costs, and unamortized premium or discount), an impairment is recognized by adjusting an allocation of the allowance for loan losses. Subsequent to the initial allocation of allowance to the individual loan, the Company may conclude that it is appropriate to record a charge-off of the impaired portion of the loan. When a charge-off is recorded the loan balance is reduced and the specific allowance is eliminated. Generally, when a collateral dependent loan is initially measured for impairment and has not had an appraisal performed in the last three months, the Company obtains an updated market valuation. Thereafter, the Company obtains an updated market valuation of the impaired loan on an annual basis. The valuation may occur more frequently if the Company determines that there is an indication that the market value of impaired loans may have declined.

The following tables present an analysis of impaired loans at the dates indicated (in thousands):
 
December 31, 2012
 
Recorded
Investment with
No Specific Valuation
Allowance
   
Recorded
Investment
with Specific Valuation
Allowance
   
Total
Recorded
Investment
   
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   
Related
Specific
Valuation
Allowance
   
Quarterly
Average
Recorded
Investment
   
Year-to-
Date
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
                                           
Commercial business
$ 690   $ 2,324   $ 3,014   $ 3,167   $ 457   $ 3,210   $ 4,814  
Commercial real estate
  16,584     2,612     19,196     20,876     377     19,038     21,016  
Land
  3,783     1,002     4,785     5,499     56     5,167     7,655  
Multi-family
  6,850     436     7,286     8,291     28     8,280     8,815  
Real estate construction
  687     -     687     4,186     -     1,082     2,912  
Consumer
  2,957     1,984     4,941     5,789     245     4,880     4,967  
Total
$ 31,551   $ 8,358   $ 39,909   $ 47,808   $ 1,163   $ 41,657   $ 50,179  
 
 
March 31, 2012
 
 
Recorded
Investment with
No Specific Valuation
Allowance
   
Recorded
Investment
with Specific Valuation
Allowance
   
Total
Recorded
Investment
   
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
   
Related
Specific
Valuation
Allowance
   
Year-to-
Date
Average
Recorded
Investment
 
                                     
Commercial business
  $ 4,790     $ 3,028     $ 7,818     $ 10,477     $ 73     $ 6,400  
Commercial real estate
    12,704       10,120       22,824       25,359       686       17,102  
Land
    10,365       3,861       14,226       17,989       624       13,339  
Multi-family
    7,825       440       8,265       9,189       4       8,254  
Real estate construction
    7,009       604       7,613       13,796       18       6,700  
Consumer
    2,842       2,125       4,967       6,880       197       1,584  
Total
  $ 45,535     $ 20,178     $ 65,713     $ 83,690     $ 1,602     $ 53,379  
 
The related amount of interest income recognized on loans that were impaired was $698,000 and $1.8 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively.

TDRs are loans where the Company, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower's financial condition, has granted a concession to the borrower that it would otherwise not consider. A TDR typically involves a modification of terms such as a reduction of the stated interest rate or face amount of the loan, a reduction of accrued interest, or an extension of the maturity date(s) at a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate for a new loan with similar risk.

TDRs are considered impaired loans and as such, when a loan is deemed to be impaired, the amount of the impairment is measured using discounted cash flows using the original note rate, except when the loan is collateral dependent.  In these cases, the current fair value of the collateral, less selling costs is used.  Impairment is recognized as a specific component within the allowance for loan losses if the value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded investment in the loan.  When the amount of the impairment represents a confirmed loss, it is charged off against the allowance for loan losses.

 
15

 
The following table presents new TDRs at the dates indicated:

 
Nine Months Ended December 31, 2012
 
Nine Months Ended December 31, 2011
(Dollars in Thousands)
 
Number of
Contracts
   
Pre-
Modification Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
   
Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
Number of
Contracts
   
Pre-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
   
Post-
Modification
Outstanding
Recorded
Investment
 
                                   
Commercial business
 
2
 
$
449
 
$
428
 
10
 
$
3,362
 
$
3,230
 
Commercial real estate (1)
 
5
   
9,022
   
8,662
 
3
   
3,777
   
3,750
 
Land (1)
 
3
   
2,340
   
1,922
 
-
   
-
   
-
 
Multi-family (1)
 
1
   
3,277
   
3,024
 
2
   
6,372
   
5,296
 
Consumer
 
2
   
1,971
   
1,693
 
2
   
1,166
   
1,117
 
Total
 
13
 
$
17,059
 
$
15,729
 
17
 
$
14,677
 
$
13,393
 
                                   
(1)     Included within these amounts at December 31, 2012, is a $5.0 million real estate construction loan restructured into one $3.3 million multi-family, one $875,000 commercial real estate and one $800,000 land loan based upon collateral securing the restructured loans.

There were two TDR loans secured by one-to-four family homes that was recorded in the twelve months prior to December 31, 2012 that defaulted in the nine months ended December 31, 2012. The first loan had a pre-modification outstanding recorded investment of $453,000 and the amount of the defaulted loan totaled $450,000 and the second loan had a pre-modification outstanding recorded investment of $442,000 and the amount of the defaulted loan totaled $441,000 at December 31, 2012. There were no TDRs that were recorded in the twelve months prior to December 31, 2011 that subsequently defaulted in the nine months ended December 31, 2011.

In accordance with the Company’s policy guidelines, unsecured loans are generally charged-off when no payments have been received for three consecutive months unless an alternative action plan is in effect. Consumer installment loans delinquent six months or more that have not received at least 75% of their required monthly payment in the last 90 days are charged-off. In addition, loans discharged in bankruptcy proceedings are charged-off. Loans under bankruptcy protection with no payments received for four consecutive months will be charged-off. The outstanding balance of a secured loan that is in excess of the net realizable value is generally charged-off if no payments are received for four to five consecutive months. However, charge-offs are postponed if alternative proposals to restructure, obtain additional guarantors, obtain additional assets as collateral or a potential sale would result in full repayment of the outstanding loan balance. Once any of these or other repayment potentials are considered exhausted the impaired portion of the loan is charged-off, unless an updated valuation of the collateral reveals no impairment. Regardless of whether a loan is unsecured or collateralized, once an amount is determined to be a confirmed loan loss it is promptly charged off.

9. 
GOODWILL

Goodwill and intangibles generally arise from business combinations accounted for under the purchase method.  Goodwill and other intangibles deemed to have indefinite lives generated from purchase business combinations are not subject to amortization and are instead tested for impairment no less than annually.  The Company has one reporting unit, the Bank, for purposes of computing goodwill.

During the third quarter of fiscal 2013, the Company changed its annual goodwill impairment testing date from November 30 to October 31, which did not result in any delay, acceleration or avoidance of impairment. The Company believes this date for the annual goodwill impairment test is preferable because it provides more time to complete the impairment testing as it occurs earlier within a quarterly reporting cycle. The additional time is preferable as it is expected to allow sufficient time before the quarterly reporting deadline to estimate the implied fair value of goodwill for comparison with its carrying value, if necessary. This change was applied prospectively beginning on October 31, 2012. Retrospective application to prior annual periods is impracticable as the Company is unable to objectively determine, without the use of hindsight, the assumptions that would have been used in those earlier periods. In connection with this change, the Company performed an impairment assessment as of October 31, 2012 and determined that no impairment of goodwill asset exists. The goodwill impairment test involves a two-step process. The first step is a comparison of the reporting unit’s fair value to its carrying value. If the reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying value, the Company would be required to progress to the second step. In the second step the Company calculates the implied fair value of goodwill. The GAAP standards with respect to goodwill require that the Company compare the implied fair value of goodwill to the carrying amount of goodwill on the Company’s balance sheet.  If the carrying amount of the goodwill is greater than the implied fair value of that goodwill, an impairment loss must be recognized in an amount equal to that excess. The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as goodwill recognized in a business combination. The estimated fair value of the Company is allocated to all of the Company’s individual assets and liabilities, including any unrecognized identifiable intangible assets, as if the Company had been acquired in a business combination and the estimated fair value of the Company is the price paid to acquire it. The allocation process is performed only for purposes of determining the amount of goodwill impairment, as no assets or liabilities are written up or down, nor are any additional unrecognized identifiable intangible assets recorded as a part of this process. The results of the Company’s step one test indicated that the reporting
 
 
16

 
unit’s fair value was less than its carrying value and therefore the Company performed a step two analysis. After the step two analysis was completed, the Company determined the implied fair value of goodwill was greater than the carrying value on the Company’s balance sheet and no goodwill impairment existed; however, no assurance can be given that the Company’s goodwill will not be written down in future periods.

10.  
JUNIOR SUBORDINATED DEBENTURE

At December 31, 2012, the Company had two wholly-owned subsidiary grantor trusts that were established for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities and common securities. The trust preferred securities accrue and pay distributions periodically at specified annual rates as provided in each trust agreement. The trusts used the net proceeds from each of the offerings to purchase a like amount of junior subordinated debentures (the “Debentures”) of the Company. The Debentures are the sole assets of the trusts.  The Company’s obligations under the Debentures and related documents, taken together, constitute a full and unconditional guarantee by the Company of the obligations of the trusts. The trust preferred securities are mandatorily redeemable upon maturity of the Debentures, or upon earlier redemption as provided in the indentures.  The Company has the right to redeem the Debentures in whole or in part on or after specific dates, at a redemption price specified in the indentures governing the Debentures plus any accrued but unpaid interest to the redemption date. The Company also has the right to defer the payment of interest on each of the Debentures for a period not to exceed 20 consecutive quarters, provided that the deferral period does not extend beyond the stated maturity. During such deferral period, distributions on the corresponding trust preferred securities will also be deferred and the Company may not pay cash dividends to the holders of shares of our common stock. Beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2011, the Company elected to defer regularly scheduled interest payments on its outstanding $22.7 million aggregate principal amount of the Debentures. The Company continued with the interest deferral through December 31, 2012. As of December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2012, the Company has deferred a total of $3.2 million and $2.6 million, respectively, of interest payments. During the deferral period, the Company is restricted from paying dividends on its common stock.

The Debentures issued by the Company to the grantor trusts, totaling $22.7 million, are reflected in the Consolidated Balance Sheets in the liabilities section, under the caption “junior subordinated debentures.” The common securities issued by the grantor trusts were purchased by the Company, and the Company’s investment in the common securities of $681,000 at December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2012, is included in prepaid expenses and other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company records interest expense on the Debentures in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

The following table is a summary of the terms of the current Debentures at December 31, 2012 (in thousands):

Issuance Trust
 
Issuance
Date
   
Amount
Outstanding
 
Rate Type
 
Initial
Rate
 
Rate
 
Maturing
Date
                           
Riverview Bancorp Statutory Trust I
 
12/2005
 
$
7,217
 
Variable (1)
 
5.88
%
1.67
%
3/2036
Riverview Bancorp Statutory Trust II
 
06/2007
   
15,464
 
Variable (2)
 
7.03
%
1.66
%
9/2037
       
$
22,681
               
                           
(1) The trust preferred securities reprice quarterly based on the three-month LIBOR plus 1.36%
                           
(2) The trust preferred securities reprice quarterly based on the three-month LIBOR plus 1.35%

11.  
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT

Accounting guidance regarding fair value measurements defines fair value and establishes a framework for measuring fair value in GAAP, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements.  The following definitions describe the categories used in the tables presented under fair value measurement.

Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1): Inputs that are quoted unadjusted prices in active markets for identical assets that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.  An active market for the asset is a market in which transactions for the asset or liability occur with sufficient frequency and volume to provide pricing information on an ongoing basis.

Other observable inputs (Level 2): Inputs that reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on market data obtained from sources independent of the reporting entity including quoted prices for similar assets, quoted prices for securities in inactive markets and inputs derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means.

Significant unobservable inputs (Level 3): Inputs that reflect the reporting entity's own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.

Financial instruments are broken down in the tables that follow by recurring or nonrecurring measurement status.  Recurring assets are initially measured at fair value and are required to be remeasured at fair value in the financial statements at each reporting date.  Assets measured on a nonrecurring basis are assets that, as a result of an event or
 
 
17

 
circumstance, were required to be remeasured at fair value after initial recognition in the financial statements at some time during the reporting period.

The following table presents assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis at the dates indicated (in thousands):
 
           Fair value measurements using  
 
December 31, 2012
 
 Fair value
   
Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets
(Level 1)
     
Other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
     
Significant unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
 
                         
Investment securities available for sale
                       
Trust preferred
  $ 1,204     $ -     $ -     $ 1,204  
Agency securities
    5,000       -       5,000       -  
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale
                               
Real estate mortgage investment conduits
    260       -       260       -  
FHLMC mortgage-backed securities
    285       -       285       -  
FNMA mortgage-backed securities
    4       -       4       -  
Total recurring assets measured at fair value
  $ 6,753     $ -     $ 5,549     $ 1,204  
 
March 31, 2012
                       
                         
Investment securities available for sale
                       
Trust preferred
  $ 1,166     $ -     $ -     $ 1,166  
Agency securities
    4,999       -       4,999       -  
Municipal bonds
    149       -       149       -  
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale
                               
Real estate mortgage investment conduits
    329       -       329       -  
FHLMC mortgage-backed securities
    636       -       636       -  
FNMA mortgage-backed securities
    9       -       9       -  
Total recurring assets measured at fair value
  $ 7,288     $ -     $ 6,122     $ 1,166  
 
The following tables present a reconciliation of assets that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) for the periods indicated (in thousands).  There were no transfers of assets in to or out of Level 3 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011.

   
For the Three
Months Ended
December 31,
2012
   
For the Nine
Months Ended
December 31,
2012
   
For the Three
Months Ended
December 31,
2011
     
For the Nine
Months Ended
December 31,
2011
 
   
Available for
sale securities
   
Available for
sale securities
   
Available for
sale securities
     
Available for
sale securities
 
                           
Beginning balance
$
1,119
 
$
1,166
 
$
1,179
   
$
916
 
Transfers in to Level 3
 
-
   
-
   
-
     
-
 
Included in earnings (1)
 
-
   
-
   
-
     
-
 
Included in other comprehensive income
 
85
   
38
   
9
     
272
 
Ending balance
$
1,204
 
$
1,204
 
$
1,188
   
$
1,188
 
                           
(1) Included in other non-interest income
                         

The following method was used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument above:

Investments and Mortgage-Backed Securities – Investment securities available-for-sale are included within Level 1 of the hierarchy when quoted prices in an active market for identical assets are available. The Company uses a third party pricing service to assist the Company in determining the fair value of its Level 2 securities, which incorporates pricing models and/or quoted prices of investment securities with similar characteristics. The Company’s Level 3 assets consist of a collateralized debt obligation secured by trust preferred securities.

For Level 2 securities, the Company uses an independent pricing service to assist management in determining fair values of investment securities available-for-sale. This service provides pricing information by utilizing evaluated pricing models supported with market data information. Standard inputs include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes, issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data from market research publications. Investments securities that are deemed to have been trading in illiquid or inactive markets may require the use of significant unobservable inputs. The Company’s third-party pricing service has established processes for us to submit inquiries
 
 
18

 
regarding quoted prices. The Company’s third-party pricing service will review the inputs to the evaluation in light of any new market data presented by us. The Company’s third-party pricing service may then affirm the original quoted price or may update the evaluation on a going forward basis.

Management reviews the pricing information received from the third party-pricing service through a combination of procedures that include an evaluation of methodologies used by the pricing service, analytical reviews and performance analysis of the prices against statistics and trends and maintenance of an investment watch list. Based on this review, management determines whether the current placement of the security in the fair value hierarchy is appropriate or whether transfers may be warranted. As necessary, the Company compares prices received from the pricing service to discounted cash flow models or through performing independent valuations of inputs and assumptions similar to those used by the pricing service in order to ensure prices represent a reasonable estimate of fair value.

The Company has determined that the market for its single trust preferred pooled security was inactive. This determination was made by the Company after considering the last known trade date for this specific security, the low number of transactions for similar types of securities, the low number of new issuances for similar securities, the significant increase in the implied liquidity risk premium for similar securities, the lack of information that is released publicly and discussions with third-party industry analysts. Due to the inactivity in the market, observable market data was not readily available for all significant inputs for this security. Accordingly, the trust preferred pooled security was classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. The Company utilized observable inputs where available, unobservable data and modeled the cash flows adjusted by an appropriate liquidity and credit risk adjusted discount rate using an income approach valuation technique in order to measure the fair value of the security. Significant unobservable inputs were used that reflect the Company’s assumptions of what a market participant would use to price the security. Significant unobservable inputs included selecting an appropriate discount rate, default rate and repayment assumptions. The Company estimated the discount rate by comparing rates for similarly rated corporate bonds, with additional consideration given to market liquidity. The default rates and repayment assumptions were estimated based on the individual issuer’s financial conditions, historical repayment information, as well as the Company’s future expectations of the capital markets.

The following table represents certain loans and real estate owned (“REO”) which were marked down to their fair value using fair value measures for the nine months ended December 31, 2012. The following are assets that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis (in thousands).

     
    
Fair value measurements at December 31, 2012, using
 
Fair value
December 31, 2012
 
Quoted prices in
active markets for
identical assets
(Level 1)
 
Other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)
   
    
    
Impaired loans
$
22,359
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
22,359
Real estate owned
 
22,325
   
-
   
-
   
22,325
Total nonrecurring assets measured at fair value
$
44,684
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
44,684

The following table presents quantitative information about Level 3 inputs for financial instruments measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at December 31, 2012 (in thousands):

   
Valuation
technique
 
Significant unobservable inputs
 
Range
             
Impaired loans
 
Appraised value
 
Adjustment for market conditions
 
0% - 18%
             
Real estate owned
 
Appraised value
 
Adjustment for market conditions
 
0% - 24%

The following method was used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument above:

Impaired loans – A loan is considered to be impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due (both interest and principal) according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. For information regarding the Company’s method for estimating the fair value of impaired loans, see Note 8 – Allowance For Loan Losses.

In determining the net realizable value of the underlying collateral, the Company primarily relies on third party appraisals which may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available and include consideration for variations in location, size, condition and income production capacity of the property. Additionally, the appraisals are periodically further adjusted by the Company in consideration of charges that may be incurred in the event of foreclosure and are based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in business factors and changes in market conditions.

 
19

 
Impaired loans are reviewed and evaluated quarterly for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly, based on the same factors identified above. Because of the high degree of judgment required in estimating the fair value of collateral underlying impaired loans and because of the relationship between fair value and general economic conditions, the Company considers the fair value of impaired loans to be highly sensitive to changes in market conditions.

Real estate owned – REO is real property that the Bank has taken ownership of in partial or full satisfaction of a loan or loans. REO is recorded at the lower of the carrying amount of the loan or fair value less estimated costs to sell. This amount becomes the property’s new basis. Any write downs based on the property’s fair value less estimated costs to sell at the date of acquisition are charged to the allowance for loan losses. Management periodically reviews REO in an effort to ensure the property is carried at the lower of its new basis or fair value, net of estimated costs to sell.

Management considers third party appraisals in determining the fair value of particular properties. These appraisals may utilize a single valuation approach or a combination of approaches including comparable sales and the income approach. Adjustments are routinely made in the appraisal process by the appraisers to adjust for differences between the comparable sales and income data available and include consideration for variations in location, size, and income production capacity of the property. Additionally, the appraisals are periodically further adjusted by the Company based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in business factors and changes in market conditions.

Management periodically reviews REO to ensure the property is carried at the lower of its new basis or fair value, net of estimated costs to sell. Any valuation allowance based on re-evaluation of the property’s fair value is charged to non-interest expense. Because of the high degree of judgment required in estimating the fair value of REO and because of the relationship between fair value and general economic conditions, we consider the fair value of REO to be highly sensitive to changes in market conditions.

12.  
NEW ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
 
In December 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-12 “Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05”, which temporarily defers the effective date for disclosures related to reclassification adjustments within accumulated other comprehensive income and should continue to report reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income consistent within the presentation requirements in effect before ASU No. 2011-05. The adoption of this ASU is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.
 
In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU No. 2012-02 “Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment”, regarding goodwill which will allow an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step quantitative goodwill impairment test. Under this ASU, an entity would not be required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based on a qualitative assessment, that it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. The ASU includes a number of events and circumstances for an entity to consider in conducting the qualitative assessment. The guidance is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012. Early adoption is permitted, including for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed as of a date before July 27, 2012, if an entity’s financial statements for the most recent annual or interim period have not yet been issued or, for nonpublic entities, have not yet been made available for issuance. The adoption of this ASU did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

13.  
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The following disclosure of the estimated fair value of financial instruments is made in accordance with accounting guidance on the requirements of disclosures about fair value of financial instruments. The Company, using available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies, has determined the estimated fair value amounts. However, considerable judgment is necessary to interpret market data in the development of the estimates of fair value. The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.

 
20

 
The estimated fair value of financial instruments is as follows at the dates indicated (in thousands):

     
Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical assets
 
Other
observable
inputs
 
Significant
unobservable
inputs
     
December 31, 2012
Carry value
 
(Level 1)
  
(Level 2)
  
(Level 3)
   
Fair value
Assets:
                           
Cash
$
107,080
 
$
107,080
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
107,080
Certificates of deposit held for investment
 
44,137
   
-
   
44,543
   
-
   
44,543
Investment securities available for sale
 
6,204
   
-
   
5,000
   
1,204
   
6,204
Mortgage-backed securities held to maturity
 
129
   
-
   
132
   
-
   
132
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale
 
549
   
-
   
549
   
-
   
549
Loans receivable, net
 
539,549
   
-
   
-
   
506,923
   
506,923
Loans held for sale
 
2,551
   
2,551
   
-
   
-
   
2,551
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
 
7,219
   
-
   
7,219
   
-
   
7,219
                             
Liabilities:
                           
Demand – savings deposits
 
487,970
   
-
   
487,970
   
-
   
487,970
Time deposits
 
194,824
   
-
   
196,303
   
-
   
196,303
Junior subordinated debentures
 
22,681
   
-
   
-
   
8,753
   
8,753
     
    
       
March 31, 2012
                   
Assets:
                           
Cash
$
46,393
 
$
46,393
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
46,393
Certificates of deposit held for investment
 
41,473
   
-
   
41,767
   
-
   
41,767
Investment securities held to maturity
 
493
   
-
   
542
   
-
   
542
Investment securities available for sale
 
6,314
   
-
   
5,148
   
1,166
   
6,314
Mortgage-backed securities held to maturity
 
171
   
-
   
177
   
-
   
177
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale
 
974
   
-
   
974
   
-
   
974
Loans receivable, net
 
664,888
   
-
   
-
   
596,552
   
596,552
Loans held for sale
 
480
   
480
   
-
   
-
   
480
Federal Home Loan Bank stock
 
7,350
   
-
   
7,350
   
-
   
7,350
                             
Liabilities:
                           
Demand – savings deposits
 
514,446
   
-
   
514,446
   
-
   
514,446
Time deposits
 
230,009
   
-
   
231,631
   
-
   
231,631
Junior subordinated debentures
 
22,681
   
-
   
-
   
9,831
   
9,831

Fair value estimates were based on existing financial instruments without attempting to estimate the value of anticipated future business. The fair value has not been estimated for assets and liabilities that were not considered financial instruments.

Fair value estimates, methods and assumptions are set forth below.

Cash – Fair value approximates the carrying amount.

Certificates of Deposit held for investment – The fair value of certificates of deposit with stated maturity was based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate was estimated using rates currently available in the local market.

Investments and Mortgage-Backed Securities – Fair values were based on quoted market rates and dealer quotes, where available.  The fair value of the pooled trust preferred security was determined using a discounted cash flow method (see also Note 11 – Fair Value Measurement).

Loans Receivable and Loans Held for Sale – At December 31, 2012, the entire loan portfolio was priced using a discounted cash flow analysis. At March 31, 2012, nonperforming and criticized loans were priced using comparable market statistics. The nonperforming and criticized loan portfolio was segregated into various categories and a weighted average valuation discount that approximated similar loan sales was applied to each of these categories. The remaining loans within the portfolio were priced using a discounted cash flow analysis.

 
21

 
The fair value of loans held for sale was based on the loans carrying value as the agreements to sell these loans are short term fixed rate commitments and no material difference between the carrying value is likely.

Federal Home Loan Bank stock – The carrying amount approximates the estimated fair value of this investment.

Deposits – The fair value of deposits with no stated maturity such as non-interest-bearing demand deposits, interest checking, money market and savings accounts was equal to the amount payable on demand. The fair value of time deposits with stated maturity was based on the discounted value of contractual cash flows. The discount rate was estimated using rates currently available in the local market.

Junior Subordinated Debentures – The fair value of the Debentures was based on the discounted cash flow method. The discount rate was estimated using rates currently available for the Debentures.

Off-Balance Sheet Financial Instruments – The estimated fair value of loan commitments approximates fees recorded associated with such commitments. Since the majority of the Company’s off-balance-sheet instruments consist of non-fee producing, variable rate commitments, the Bank has determined they do not have a distinguishable fair value.

14.  
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Off-balance sheet arrangements.  The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers.  These financial instruments generally include commitments to originate mortgage, commercial and consumer loans.  These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the balance sheet.  The Company’s maximum exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the borrower is represented by the contractual amount of these instruments.  The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.  Commitments to extend credit are conditional, and are honored for up to 45 days subject to the Company’s usual terms and conditions.  Collateral is not required to support commitments.

Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party. These guarantees are primarily used to support public and private borrowing arrangements. The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers. Collateral held varies and is required in instances where the Company deems necessary.

Significant off-balance sheet commitments at December 31, 2012 are listed below (in thousands):

   
Contract or
Notional Amount
Commitments to originate loans:
   
       Adjustable-rate
$
330
       Fixed-rate
 
2,932
Standby letters of credit
 
908
Undisbursed loan funds, and unused lines of credit
 
55,042
Total
$
59,212

At December 31, 2012, the Company had firm commitments to sell $4.4 million of residential loans to the FHLMC. Typically, these agreements are short term fixed rate commitments and no material gain or loss is likely.

Other Contractual Obligations.  In connection with certain asset sales, the Company typically makes representations and warranties about the underlying assets conforming to specified guidelines.  If the underlying assets do not conform to the specifications, the Company may have an obligation to repurchase the assets or indemnify the purchaser against loss.  At December 31, 2012, loans under warranty totaled $116.7 million, which substantially represents the unpaid principal balance of the Company’s loans serviced for FHLMC. The Company believes that the potential for loss under these arrangements is remote.  Accordingly, no contingent liability is recorded in the consolidated financial statements.

The Company is a party to litigation arising in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion of management, these actions will not have a material adverse effect, on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.
 
 
22

 
Item 2.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This report contains certain financial information determined by methods other than in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). These measures include net interest income on a fully tax equivalent basis and net interest margin on a fully tax equivalent basis. Management uses these non-GAAP measures in its analysis of the Company’s performance. The tax equivalent adjustment to net interest income recognizes the income tax savings when comparing taxable and tax-exempt assets and assumes a 34% tax rate. Management believes that it is a standard practice in the banking industry to present net interest income and net interest margin on a fully tax equivalent basis, and accordingly believes that providing these measures may be useful for peer comparison purposes. These disclosures should not be viewed as substitutes for the results determined to be in accordance with GAAP, nor are they necessarily comparable to non-GAAP performance measures that may be presented by other companies.

Critical Accounting Policies

Critical accounting policies and estimates are discussed in our 2012 Form 10-K under Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operation – Critical Accounting Policies.”  That discussion highlights estimates the Company makes that involve uncertainty or potential for substantial change.  There have not been any material changes in the Company’s critical accounting policies and estimates as compared to the disclosure contained in the Company’s 2012 Form 10-K.

Regulatory Developments and Significant Events

In January 2009, the Bank entered into a Memorandum of Understanding (“MOU”) with the Office of Thrift Supervision (“OTS”), at the time the Bank’s primary regulator. Following the transfer of the responsibilities and authority of the OTS to the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (“OCC”) on July 21, 2011, the MOU was enforced by the OCC. On January 25, 2012, the Bank entered into a formal written agreement (“Agreement”) with the OCC. Upon effectiveness of the Agreement, the MOU was terminated by the OCC. The Agreement will remain in effect and is enforceable until modified, waived or terminated in writing by the OCC.

Entry into the Agreement does not change the Bank’s “well capitalized” status. The Agreement is based on the findings of the OCC during its on-site examination of the Bank as of June 30, 2011 (“OCC Exam”). Since the completion of the OCC Exam, the Bank’s Board of Directors (“Board”) and its management have successfully implemented initiatives and strategies to address and, we believe, resolve a number of the issues noted in the Agreement. The Bank continues to work in cooperation with its regulators to bring its policies and procedures into conformity with the requirements contained in the Agreement.

Under the Agreement, the Bank is required to take the following actions: (a) refrain from paying dividends without prior OCC non-objection; (b) adopt, implement and adhere to a three year capital plan, including objectives, projections and implementation strategies for the Bank’s overall risk profile, dividend policy, capital requirements, primary capital structure sources and alternatives, various balance sheet items, as well as systems to monitor the Bank’s progress in meeting the plans, goals and objectives of the plan; (c) add a credit risk management function and appoint a Chief Lending Officer that is independent from the credit risk management function; (d) update the Bank’s credit policy and not grant, extend, renew or alter any loan over $250,000 without meeting certain requirements set forth in the Agreement; (e) adopt, implement and adhere to a program to ensure that risk associated with the Bank’s loans and other assets is properly reflected on the Bank’s books and records; (f) adopt, implement and adhere to a program to reduce the Bank’s criticized assets; (g) retain a consultant to perform semi-annual asset quality reviews of the Bank’s loan portfolio; (h) adopt, implement and adhere to policies related to asset diversification and reducing concentrations of credit; and (i) submit quarterly progress reports to the OCC regarding various aspects of the foregoing actions.

The Bank’s Board must ensure that the Bank has the processes, personnel and control systems in place to ensure implementation of, and adherence to, the requirements of the Agreement.  In connection with this requirement, the Bank’s Board has appointed a compliance committee to submit reports to the OCC and to monitor and coordinate the Bank’s performance under the Agreement. The Bank believes it is currently in compliance with all of the requirements of the Agreement through its normal business operations.  These requirements will remain in effect until modified or terminated by the OCC.

The Bank has also separately agreed to the OCC establishing higher minimum capital ratios for the Bank, specifically that the Bank maintain a Tier 1 capital (leverage) ratio of not less than 9.00% and a total risk-based capital ratio of not less than 12.00%. As of December 31, 2012, the Bank’s Tier 1 capital (leverage) ratio was 9.50% and its total risk-based capital ratio was 14.25%.

The Company also entered into a separate MOU agreement with the OTS which is now enforced by the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (“Federal Reserve”). The Federal Reserve became the Company’s regulator following the OTS’s merger into the OCC. This MOU requires the Company to: (a) provide notice to and obtain written non-objection from the Federal Reserve prior to the Company declaring a dividend or redeeming any capital stock or receiving dividends
 
 
23

 
or other payments from the Bank; (b) provide notice to and obtain written non-objection from the Federal Reserve prior to the Company incurring, issuing, renewing or repurchasing any new debt; and (c) submit quarterly updates to its written operations plan and consolidated capital plan.

The Company believes it is currently in compliance with all of the requirements of the MOU through its normal business operations.  These requirements will remain in effect until modified or terminated by the Federal Reserve.

Certain limitations and regulatory requirements also apply to the Company and the Bank with respect to future changes in senior executive management and directors and payment of, or the agreement to pay, certain severance payments to officers, directors, and employees.

Executive Overview

As a progressive, community-oriented financial services company, the Company emphasizes local, personal service to residents of its primary market area. The Company considers Clark, Cowlitz, Klickitat and Skamania counties of Washington and Multnomah and Marion counties of Oregon as its primary market area. The Counties of Multnomah, Clark and Skamania are part of the Portland metropolitan area as defined by the U.S. Census Bureau. The Company is engaged predominantly in the business of attracting deposits from the general public and using such funds in its primary market area to originate commercial business, commercial real estate, multi-family real estate, real estate construction, residential real estate and other consumer loans. Commercial business, commercial real estate and real estate construction loans have increased to 82.2% of the loan portfolio at December 31, 2012 from 80.0% at March 31, 2012. The Company’s strategy over the past several years has been to control balance sheet growth, including the targeted reduction of residential construction related loans, in order to improve its regulatory capital ratios. Total real estate construction loans at December 31, 2012 declined to $17.6 million, which represents a decrease of 31.7% from March 31, 2012. Land acquisition and development loans were $26.1 million at December 31, 2012, a decrease of 32.8% from March 31, 2012. Most recently, the Company’s primary focus has been on increasing commercial business loans and owner occupied commercial real estate loans with a specific focus on medical professionals and the medical industry. The Company executed a planned bulk sale of $31.4 million in single-family mortgage loans to the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC”) during June 2012 which decreased the overall balance of single-family mortgage loans for the nine months ended December 31, 2012 compared to the same prior year period. The Company plans to continue to sell conforming, newly originated one-to-four family mortgage loans to the FHLMC.

Through the Bank’s subsidiary, Riverview Asset Management Corp. (“RAMCorp”), located in downtown Vancouver, Washington, the Company provides full-service brokerage activities, trust and asset management services. The Bank’s Business and Professional Banking Division, with two lending offices in Vancouver and two in Portland, offers commercial and business banking services.

Vancouver is located in Clark County, Washington, which is just north of Portland, Oregon. Many businesses are located in the Vancouver area because of the favorable tax structure and lower energy costs in Washington as compared to Oregon.  Companies located in the Vancouver area include Sharp Microelectronics, Hewlett Packard, Georgia Pacific, Underwriters Laboratory, Wafer Tech, Nautilus, Barrett Business Service and Fisher Investments, as well as several support industries.  In addition to this industry base, the Columbia River Gorge Scenic Area is a source of tourism, which has helped to transform the area from its past dependence on the timber industry.

The Company’s strategic plan includes targeting the commercial banking customer base in its primary market area for both loan and deposit growth, specifically small and medium size businesses, professionals and wealth building individuals. In pursuit of these goals, the Company manages the size of its loan portfolio while striving to include a significant amount of commercial and commercial real estate loans in its portfolio. A significant portion of these commercial and commercial real estate loans have adjustable rates, higher yields or shorter terms and higher credit risk than traditional fixed-rate mortgages. A related goal is to increase the proportion of personal and business checking account deposits used to fund these new loans. At December 31, 2012, checking accounts totaled $216.1 million, or 31.7% of our total deposit mix compared to $213.6 million or 29.1% a year ago. The strategic plan also stresses increased emphasis on non-interest income, including increased fees for asset management and deposit service charges. The strategic plan is designed to enhance earnings, reduce interest rate risk and provide a more complete range of financial services to customers and the local communities the Company serves. The Company believes it is well positioned to attract new customers and to increase its market share with 18 branches, including ten in Clark County and three in the Portland metropolitan area, and four lending centers. On June 29, 2012, the Company opened a new full-service branch in Gresham, Oregon.

During 2008, the national and regional residential lending market experienced a notable slowdown. This downturn has negatively affected the economy in the Company’s primary market area. As a result, the Company experienced a decline in the values of real estate collateral supporting its loans, and experienced increased loan delinquencies and defaults. These declines were initially concentrated primarily in its residential construction and land development loans portfolios. However, subsequently the Company has also experienced deterioration in its commercial business and commercial real estate loan performance and underlying collateral values. Throughout fiscal 2008 and continuing to the present, higher than
 
 
24

 
historical provision for loan losses has been the most significant factor affecting the Company’s operating results. Although economic conditions during 2012 appear to have stabilized, the continuing weak economy in our primary market area could result in additional increases in nonperforming assets, further increases in the provision for loan losses and loan charge-offs in the future. As a result, like most financial institutions, our future operating results and financial performance will be significantly affected by the course of recovery in our primary market area from the recent recessionary downturn. In response to these financial challenges, the Company has taken, and is continuing to take, a number of actions aimed at preserving existing capital, reducing lending concentrations and associated capital requirements, and increasing liquidity. The tactical actions taken include, but are not limited to: focusing on reducing the amount of nonperforming and classified assets, adjusting the balance sheet by reducing and or selling loan receivables, selling real estate owned, reducing controllable operating costs, managing the deposit portfolio while maintaining available secured borrowing facilities to improve liquidity and eliminating dividends to shareholders.

During the quarter ended December 31, 2012, unemployment in the Company’s market increased in both Clark County, Washington and Portland, Oregon. According to the Washington State Employment Security Department, unemployment in Clark County decreased to 8.1% at November 30, 2012 compared to 7.6% at September 30, 2012 and 9.3% at December 31, 2011. According to the Oregon Employment Department, unemployment in Portland was 7.6% at December 31, 2012 and September 30, 2012 and decreased compared to 8.1% at December 31, 2011. Home values at December 2012 in the Company’s market area have increased slightly compared to home values a year ago, however, they remain lower compared to 2010 and 2009, due in large part to an increase in volume of foreclosures and short sales. According to the Regional Multiple Listing Services (“RMLS”), inventory levels in Portland, Oregon have decreased to 3.6 months at December 31, 2012 compared to 4.6 months at September 30, 2012 and 5.3 months at December 31, 2011. Inventory levels in Clark County have decreased to 5.1 months at December 31, 2012 compared to 5.6 months at September 30, 2012 and 6.5 months at December 31, 2011. According to the RMLS, closed home sales in Clark County decreased 9.5% and 1.5% at December 31, 2012 compared to September 30, 2012 and December 30, 2011, respectively. Closed home sales in Portland decreased 7.1% at December 31, 2012 compared to September 30, 2012 and increased 9.2% compared to December 31, 2011. Commercial real estate leasing activity in the Portland/Vancouver area has performed better than the residential real estate market; however, it is generally affected by a slow economy later than other indicators. According to Norris Beggs Simpson, commercial vacancy rates in Clark County and Portland, Oregon were approximately 16.6% and 20.7%, respectively, as of December 31, 2012 compared to 15.4% and 21.9%, respectively, at December 31, 2011. The Company believes there are indications that increased loan delinquencies and defaults may remain elevated for the foreseeable future.

Operating Strategy

The Company’s goal is to deliver returns to shareholders by managing problem assets, increasing higher-yielding assets (in particular commercial real estate and commercial business loans), increasing core deposit balances, reducing expenses, hiring experienced employees with a commercial lending focus and exploring expansion opportunities. The Company seeks to achieve these results by focusing on the following objectives:

Focusing on Asset Quality. The Company is focused on monitoring existing performing loans, resolving nonperforming loans and selling foreclosed assets. The Company has aggressively sought to reduce its level of nonperforming and classified assets through write-downs, collections, modifications and sales of such loans and real estate owned. The Company has taken proactive steps to resolve its classified and nonperforming loans, including negotiating repayment plans, forbearances, loan modifications and loan extensions with borrowers when appropriate, and accepting short payoffs on delinquent loans, particularly when such payoffs result in a smaller loss than foreclosure. In connection with the downturn in real estate markets, the Company applied more conservative and stringent underwriting practices to new loans, including, among other things, increasing the amount of required collateral or equity requirements, reducing loan-to-value ratios and increasing debt service coverage ratios. Nonperforming assets decreased $17.5 million to $45.4 million at December 31, 2012 compared to $62.9 million at March 31, 2012. Classified loans decreased $19.7 million to $66.4 million at December 31, 2012 compared to $86.0 million at March 31, 2012. The Company has continued to reduce its exposure to land development and speculative construction loans. The total land development and speculative construction loan portfolios declined to $28.6 million at December 31, 2012 as compared to $49.6 million at March 31, 2012. However, there can be no assurance that the ongoing economic conditions affecting our borrowers will not result in future increases in nonperforming and classified loans. In recent months, statistics reflect an increase in demand and sales of building lots in the Company’s primary market area resulting in an increase in the number of closed sales for land and building lots. For the nine months ended December 31, 2012, the Company sold $5.2 million in land and lot REO properties.

Improving Earnings by Expanding Product Offerings. The Company intends to prudently increase the percentage of its assets consisting of higher-yielding owner-occupied commercial real estate and commercial business loans, which offer higher risk-adjusted returns, shorter maturities and sensitivity to interest rate fluctuations.  The Company also intends to selectively add additional products to further diversify revenue sources and to capture more of each customer’s banking relationship by cross selling loan and deposit products and additional services to Bank customers, including services provided through RAMCorp to increase its fee income. Assets under management by RAMCorp totaled $334.5 million and $359.6 million at December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively.

 
25

 
The Company continuously reviews new products and services to provide its customers more financial options. All new technology and services are generally reviewed for business development and cost saving purposes. The Bank has implemented remote check capture at all of its branches and for selected customers of the Bank. The Company continues to experience growth in customer use of its online banking services, which allows customers to conduct a full range of services on a real-time basis, including balance inquiries, transfers and electronic bill paying. The Company also upgraded its online banking product for consumer customers, providing consumer customers greater flexibility and convenience in conducting their online banking. The Company’s online service has also enhanced the delivery of cash management services to business customers. The Company also introduced its mobile banking application during the second fiscal quarter of 2013 to further allow flexibility and convenience to its customers related to their banking needs. Further, the Company participates in an Internet deposit listing service which allows the Company to post time deposit rates on an Internet site where institutional investors have the ability to deposit funds with the Company. Furthermore, the Company may utilize the Internet deposit listing service to purchase certificates of deposit at other financial institutions. The Company also offers Insured Cash Sweep (ICS™), a reciprocal money market product, to its customers along with the Certificate of Deposit Account Registry Service (CDARS™) program which allows customers access to FDIC insurance on deposits exceeding the $250,000 FDIC insurance limit.

Attracting Core Deposits and Other Deposit Products. The Company’s strategic focus is to emphasize total relationship banking with its customers to internally fund its loan growth.  The Company has reduced its reliance on other wholesale funding sources, including FHLB and FRB advances, by focusing on the continued growth of core customer deposits. The Company believes that a continued focus on customer relationships will help to increase the level of core deposits and locally-based retail certificates of deposit.  In addition to its retail branches, the Company maintains technology-based products, such as personal financial management, business cash management, and business remote deposit products, that enable it to compete effectively with banks of all sizes. Core branch deposits (comprised of all demand, savings, interest checking accounts and all time deposits but excludes wholesale-brokered deposits, trust account deposits, Interest on Lawyer Trust Accounts (“IOLTA”), public funds and Internet based deposits) decreased $38.8 million during the nine months ended December 31, 2012.  This decrease was primarily a result of a decision by the Company to reduce a deposit concentration it had with its largest depositor by $23.7 million. The Company had no outstanding advances from the FHLB or the FRB at December 31, 2012.

Continued Expense Control. Since fiscal 2009, management has undertaken several initiatives to reduce non-interest expense and will continue to make it a priority to identify cost savings opportunities throughout all aspects of the Company’s operations. The Company has instituted expense control measures such as cancelling certain projects and capital purchases, and reducing travel and entertainment expenditures. During October 2009, a branch and a loan origination office were closed as a result of their failure to meet the Company’s required growth standards. The Company has formed a cost saving committee whose mission is to find additional cost saving opportunities at the Company. The Company also continuously evaluates its staffing levels in light of the continued weak prospects for loan growth.

Recruiting and Retaining Highly Competent Personnel With a Focus on Commercial Lending. The Company’s ability to continue to attract and retain banking professionals with strong community relationships and significant knowledge of its markets will be a key to its success. The Company believes that it enhances its market position and adds profitable growth opportunities by focusing on hiring and retaining experienced bankers focused on owner occupied commercial real estate and commercial lending, and the deposit balances that accompany these relationships. The Company emphasizes to its employees the importance of delivering exemplary customer service and seeking opportunities to build further relationships with its customers. The goal is to compete with other financial service providers by relying on the strength of the Company’s customer service and relationship banking approach. The Company believes that one of its strengths is that its employees are also significant shareholders through the Company’s employee stock ownership (“ESOP”) and 401(k) plans.

Disciplined Franchise Expansion.  The Company believes opportunities currently exist within its market area to grow its franchise.  The Company anticipates organic growth as the local economy and loan demand strengthens, through its marketing efforts and as a result of the opportunities being created as a result of the consolidation of financial institutions occurring in its market area. The Company expects to gradually expand its operations further in the Portland, Oregon metropolitan area which has a population of approximately two million people. The Company will continue to be disciplined as it pertains to future expansion focusing on the Pacific Northwest markets it knows and understands. As part of its expansion strategy, on June 29, 2012, the Company opened a new branch in Gresham, Oregon.

 
26

 
Loan Composition

The following table sets forth the composition of the Company’s commercial and construction loan portfolios based on loan purpose at the dates indicated.

   
Commercial
Business
   
Other Real
Estate
Mortgage
   
Real Estate
Construction
   
Commercial &
Construction
Total
December 31, 2012
(In thousands)
                       
Commercial business
$
75,090
 
$
 -
 
$
 -
 
$
75,090
Commercial construction
 
-
   
-
   
14,868
   
14,868
Office buildings
 
-
   
88,810
   
-
   
88,810
Warehouse/industrial
 
-
   
44,950
   
-
   
44,950
Retail/shopping centers/strip malls
 
-
   
68,553
   
-
   
68,553
Assisted living facilities
 
-
   
16,872
   
-
   
16,872
Single purpose facilities
 
-
   
87,572
   
-
   
87,572
Land
 
-
   
26,123
   
-
   
26,123
Multi-family
 
-
   
34,278
   
-
   
34,278
One-to-four family construction
 
-
   
-
   
2,747
   
2,747
Total
$
75,090
 
$
367,158
 
$
17,615
 
$
459,863


                       
March 31, 2012
 
                       
Commercial business
$
87,238
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
87,238
Commercial construction
 
-
   
-
   
13,496
   
13,496
Office buildings
 
-
   
94,541
   
-
   
94,541
Warehouse/industrial
 
-
   
48,605
   
-
   
48,605
Retail/shopping centers/strip malls
 
-
   
80,595
   
-
   
80,595
Assisted living facilities
 
-
   
35,866
   
-
   
35,866
Single purpose facilities
 
-
   
93,473
   
-
   
93,473
Land
 
-
   
38,888
   
-
   
38,888
Multi-family
 
-
   
42,795
   
-
   
42,795
One-to-four family construction
 
-
   
-
   
12,295
   
12,295
Total
$
87,238
 
$
434,763
 
$
25,791
 
$
547,792


Comparison of Financial Condition at December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2012

Cash, including interest-earning accounts, totaled $107.1 million at December 31, 2012 compared to $46.4 million at March 31, 2012. The increase in cash was attributable to principal repayments on loans receivable and proceeds received from the $31.4 million bulk sale of one-to-four family mortgages to the FHLMC during June 2012. The Company has been maintaining a higher liquidity position as compared to historical levels for regulatory and asset-liability matching purposes.

As a part of the Company’s liquidity strategy, the Company invests a portion of its excess cash in short-term certificates of deposit which have a higher yield than cash held in interest-earning accounts in order to maximize earnings. All of the certificates of deposit held for investment are fully insured under the FDIC. At December 31, 2012, certificates of deposits held for investments totaled $44.1 million compared to $41.5 million at March 31, 2012.

Investment securities available for sale totaled $6.2 million at December 31, 2012 compared to $6.3 million at March 31, 2012. For the quarter ended December 31, 2012, the Company determined that none of its investment securities required an other than temporary impairment charge. For additional information on our Level 3 fair value measurements see “Fair Value of Level 3 Assets” included below.

REO totaled $20.7 million at December 31, 2012 compared to $18.7 million at March 31, 2012.  The $2.0 million increase was a result of the transfers of loans to REO totaling $13.6 million which was partially offset by REO sales of $9.4 million and REO valuation adjustments totaling $2.4 million.

Loans receivable, net, totaled $539.5 million at December 31, 2012, compared to $664.9 million at March 31, 2012, a decrease of $125.3 million. The decrease was due to principal repayments and planned reductions on existing loans in its commercial business, commercial real estate and multi-family portfolios as well as the $31.4 million bulk sale of one-to-four family mortgage loans to the FHLMC during June 2012. Consistent with its focus of reducing speculative construction and land development loans, these loan portfolios decreased $8.3 million and $12.8 million, respectively, from March 31, 2012 to December 31, 2012. A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is secured by real estate, either as primary or secondary collateral, located in the Company’s primary market areas. Risks associated with loans secured by real estate include decreasing land and property values, increases in interest rates, deterioration in local economic conditions, tightening credit or refinancing markets, and a concentration of loans within any one area. The Company has no option adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM), or teaser residential real estate loans in its portfolio.

 
27

 
Deposit accounts decreased $61.7 million to $682.8 million at December 31, 2012, compared to $744.5 million at March 31, 2012. Deposits decreased as a result of the Company’s targeted efforts to reduce its higher costing deposits and to control balance sheet growth as part of its overall capital and liquidity strategy. These decreases included a $10.9 million reduction in trust account deposits, a $15.1 million reduction in internet based deposits and a $23.7 million reduction in a deposit concentration with its largest depositor. The Company had no wholesale-brokered deposits as of December 31, 2012 or March 31, 2012. Core branch deposits accounted for 95.2% of total deposits at December 31, 2012, compared to 92.5% at March 31, 2012. The Company plans to continue its focus on core deposits and on building customer relationships as opposed to obtaining deposits through the wholesale markets.

Shareholders’ Equity and Capital Resources

Shareholders' equity increased $1.2 million at December 31, 2012 from $75.6 million at March 31, 2012. This increase is primarily from net income of $1.0 million for the nine months ended December 31, 2012. The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the OCC. Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank’s financial statements. As of December 31, 2012, the Bank was “well capitalized” as defined under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. To be categorized as “well capitalized,” the Bank must maintain the minimum capital ratios set forth in the table below.

The Bank’s actual and required minimum capital amounts and ratios are as follows (dollars in thousands):
 
   Actual    “Adequately Capitalized”  
“Well Capitalized”
 
   
Amount
 
Ratio
   
Amount
 
Ratio
   
Amount
 
Ratio
 
December 31, 2012
                             
Total Capital:
                             
(To Risk-Weighted Assets)
$
79,584
 
14.25
%
$
44,687
 
8.0
%
$
67,030
 
12.0
%(1)
Tier 1 Capital:
                             
(To Risk-Weighted Assets)
 
72,443
 
12.97
   
22,343
 
4.0
   
33,515
 
6.0
 
Tier 1 Capital (Leverage):
                             
    (To Adjusted Tangible Assets)
 
72,443
 
9.50
   
30,511
 
4.0
   
68,650
 
9.0
 (1)
    Tangible Capital:
                             
(To Tangible Assets)
 
72,443
 
9.50
   
11,442
 
1.5
   
N/A
 
N/A
 

   Actual     “Adequately Capitalized”  
“Well Capitalized”
 
   
Amount
 
Ratio
   
Amount
 
Ratio
   
Amount
 
Ratio
 
March 31, 2012
                             
Total Capital:
                             
(To Risk-Weighted Assets)
$
80,834
 
12.11
%
$
53,399
 
8.0
%
$
80,099
 
12.0
%(1)
Tier 1 Capital:
                             
(To Risk-Weighted Assets)
 
72,354
 
10.84
   
26,700
 
4.0
   
40,049
 
6.0
 
Tier 1 Capital (Leverage):
                             
    (To Adjusted Tangible Assets)
 
72,354
 
8.76
   
33,034
 
4.0
   
74,326
 
9.0
 (1)
Tangible Capital:
                             
(To Tangible Assets)
 
72,354
 
8.76
   
12,388
 
1.5
   
N/A
 
N/A
 
 (1)
The Bank agreed to establish higher minimum capital ratios and must maintain a Tier 1 capital (leverage) ratio of not less than 9.0% and a total risk-based capital ratio of not less than 12.0% in order to be deemed “well capitalized”.

Liquidity

Liquidity is essential to our business. The objective of the Bank’s liquidity management is to maintain ample cash flows to meet obligations for depositor withdrawals, to fund the borrowing needs of loan customers, and to fund ongoing operations.  Core relationship deposits are the primary source of the Bank’s liquidity. As such, the Bank focuses on deposit relationships with local consumer and business clients who maintain multiple accounts and services at the Bank.

In response to the adverse economic conditions, the Company has been, and will continue to work toward reducing the amount of nonperforming assets, controlling balance sheet growth, reducing controllable operating costs, and augmenting deposits while striving to maximize secured borrowing facilities to improve liquidity and preserve capital over the coming fiscal year. However, the Company’s inability to successfully implement its plans or further deterioration in economic conditions and real estate prices could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s liquidity.

Liquidity management is both a short- and long-term responsibility of the Company's management. The Company adjusts its investments in liquid assets based upon management's assessment of (i) expected loan demand, (ii) projected loan sales, (iii) expected deposit flows, (iv) yields available on interest-bearing deposits and (v) its asset/liability management program objectives. Excess liquidity is invested generally in interest-bearing overnight deposits and other short-term government and agency obligations. If the Company requires funds beyond its ability to generate them internally, it has additional diversified and reliable sources of funds with the FHLB, the FRB and other wholesale facilities. These sources of funds
 
 
28

 
may be used on a long or short-term basis to compensate for reduction in other sources of funds or on a long-term basis to support lending activities. Beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2011, the Company elected to defer regularly scheduled interest payments on its outstanding $22.7 million aggregate principal amount of junior subordinated debentures issued in connection with the sale of trust preferred securities through statutory business trusts. The Company continued with the interest deferral at December 31, 2012.  As of December 31, 2012, the Company had deferred a total of $3.2 million of interest payments. The accrual for these payments is included in accrued expenses and other liabilities on the Consolidated Balances Sheets and interest expense on the Consolidated Statements of Operations. This deferral may adversely affect our ability to access wholesale funding facilities or obtain debt financing on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.

The Company's primary sources of funds are customer deposits, proceeds from principal and interest payments on loans, proceeds from the sale of loans, maturing securities, FHLB advances and FRB borrowings. While maturities and scheduled amortization of loans and securities are a predictable source of funds, deposit flows and prepayment of mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities are greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition. Management believes that its focus on core relationship deposits coupled with access to borrowing through reliable counterparties provides reasonable and prudent assurance that ample liquidity is available. However, depositor or counterparty behavior could change in response to competition, economic or market situations or other unforeseen circumstances, which could have liquidity implications that may require different strategic or operational actions.

The Company must maintain an adequate level of liquidity to ensure the availability of sufficient funds for loan originations, deposit withdrawals and continuing operations, satisfy other financial commitments and take advantage of investment opportunities. During the nine months ended December 31, 2012, the Bank used its sources of funds primarily to fund loan commitments and to pay deposit withdrawals. At December 31, 2012, cash totaled $107.1 million, or 13.5% of total assets. The Bank generally maintains sufficient cash and short-term investments to meet short-term liquidity needs; however, its primary liquidity management practice is to increase or decrease short-term borrowings, including FRB borrowings and FHLB advances. At December 31, 2012, the Bank had no advances from the FRB. The Bank has a borrowing capacity of $79.0 million from the FRB, subject to sufficient collateral. At December 31, 2012, there were no advances from the FHLB and the Bank has an available credit facility of $154.0 million, limited to sufficient collateral and stock investment. At December 31, 2012, the Bank had sufficient unpledged collateral to allow it to utilize its available borrowing capacity from the FRB and the FHLB.  Borrowing capacity may, however, fluctuate based on acceptability and risk rating of loan collateral and counterparties could adjust discount rates applied to such collateral at their discretion.

An additional source of wholesale funding includes brokered certificate of deposits. While the Bank has utilized brokered deposits from time to time, the Bank historically has not extensively relied on brokered deposits to fund its operations. At December 31, 2012, the Company had no wholesale-brokered deposits. The Bank also participates in the CDARS and ICS deposit products, which allows the Bank to accept deposits in excess of the FDIC insurance limit for that depositor and obtain “pass-through” insurance for the total deposit. The Bank’s reciprocal CDARS and ICS balances were $32.7 million, or 4.8% of total deposits, and $37.2 million, or 5.0% of total deposits, at December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2012, respectively. With news of bank failures and increased levels of distress in the financial services industry and customer concern with FDIC insurance limits, customer interest in and demand for CDARS and ICS deposits has remained strong with continued renewals of existing CDARS deposits and the opening of new accounts. The Bank’s brokered deposits (which include CDARS and ICS) are restricted to 20% of total deposits based on a supervisory imposed limit. The combination of all the Bank’s funding sources, gives the Bank available liquidity of $482.8 million, or 60.8% of total assets at December 31, 2012.

The Bank's deposits are insured up to applicable limits by the Deposit Insurance Fund of the FDIC. On July 21, 2010, the FDIC deposit insurance coverage was permanently raised to $250,000. Under the Dodd-Frank Act, since January 1, 2011, all non-interest bearing transaction accounts and IOLTA accounts qualify for unlimited deposit insurance by the FDIC through December 31, 2012. NOW accounts, which were previously fully insured under the Transaction Account Guarantee (“TAG”) Program, are no longer eligible for an unlimited guarantee on December 31, 2010. Beginning January 1, 2013, all non-interest bearing transaction accounts and IOLTA accounts that were previously fully insured under the TAG program are no longer eligible for an unlimited insurance guarantee due to the expiration of the program. All deposits maintained at the Bank are now insured by the FDIC up to $250,000 per account owner.

At December 31, 2012, the Company had total commitments of $59.2 million, which includes commitments to extend credit of $3.3 million, unused lines of credit and undisbursed balances of $55.0 million and standby letters of credit totaling $908,000. The Company anticipates that it will have sufficient funds available to meet current loan commitments. Certificates of deposits that are scheduled to mature in less than one year totaled $135.3 million. Historically, the Bank has been able to retain a significant amount of its deposits as they mature. Offsetting these cash outflows are scheduled loan maturities of less than one year totaling $90.7 million.

Sources of capital and liquidity for the Company include distributions from the Bank and the issuance of debt or equity securities. Dividends and other capital distributions from the Bank are subject to regulatory restrictions and approval. The
 
 
29

 
Company elected to defer regularly scheduled interest payments on its junior subordinated debentures during the first quarter of fiscal 2011, which in turn, restricts the Company’s ability to pay dividends on its common stock.

Asset Quality

Nonperforming assets, consisting of nonperforming loans and REO, totaled $45.4 million or 5.71% of total assets at December 31, 2012 compared to $62.9 million or 7.35% of total assets at March 31, 2012. Nonperforming loans were $24.7 million or 4.41% of total loans at December 31, 2012 compared to $44.2 million or 6.45% of total loans at March 31, 2012. The decline in nonperforming loans was a result of a transfer of $13.6 million in loans to REO and the paydown of principal on several loans. This transfer of loans to REO was partially offset by REO sales of $9.4 million for the nine months ending December 31, 2012 and REO valuation adjustments totaling $2.4 million. The $24.7 million balance of nonperforming loans consisted of thirty-six loans to thirty-two borrowers, which includes four commercial business loans totaling $1.0 million, seven commercial real estate loans totaling $10.6 million (the largest of which was $6.5 million), five land acquisition and development loans totaling $3.6 million (the largest of which was $928,000), two multi-family real estate loans totaling $6.0 million (the largest of which was $3.1 million), three real estate construction loans totaling $687,000 and fifteen residential real estate loans totaling $2.8 million. All of these loans are to borrowers located in Oregon and Washington.

The Company has continued to focus on managing the residential construction and land development portfolios. At December 31, 2012, the Company’s residential construction and land acquisition and development loan portfolios were $2.7 million and $26.1 million, respectively compared to $12.3 million and $38.9 million, respectively at March 31, 2012. The percentage of nonperforming loans in the residential construction and land acquisition and development portfolios at December 31, 2012 was 25.01% and 13.67%, respectively as compared 63.08% and 33.39%, respectively at March 31, 2012. For the nine months ended December 31, 2012, net charge-offs for the residential construction and land development portfolios were $125,000 and $1.1 million, respectively. The commercial real estate loan portfolio has been affected more in recent quarters by the continuing weak economy. Nonperforming commercial real estate loans to total nonperforming loans has increased to 43.0% at December 31, 2012 compared to 31.6% at March 31, 2012. Classified commercial real estate loans totaled $43.4 million at December 31, 2012 compared to $35.1 million at March 31, 2012.

REO totaled $20.7 million at December 31, 2012 compared to $18.7 million at March 31, 2012. The $20.7 million balance of REO is comprised of single-family homes totaling $2.0 million, residential building lots totaling $1.3 million, land development property totaling $9.5 million, commercial real estate property totaling $7.3 million, and multi-family real estate totaling $562,000. All of these properties are located in Washington and Oregon with the exception of one commercial real estate property located in Idaho.

The allowance for loan losses was $19.6 million or 3.51% of total loans at December 31, 2012 compared to $19.9 million or 2.91% of total loans at March 31, 2012. The balance of the allowance for loan losses at December 31, 2012 reflects the continued elevated level of delinquent and classified loans, charge-offs as well as declines in real estate values as compared to historical levels. The coverage ratio of allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans was 79.60% at December 31, 2012 compared to 45.11% at March 31, 2012. The increase in the coverage ratio was a result of the decrease in nonperforming loans. At December 31, 2012, the Company identified $23.9 million, or 96.91% of its nonperforming loans, as impaired and performed a specific valuation analysis on each loan resulting in a specific reserve of $608,000, or 2.54% of the nonperforming loans on which a specific analysis was performed. In general, the Company charges off the calculated specific valuation allowance on its collateral dependent loans resulting in the Company’s nonperforming loans being carried at their calculated fair value with no associated specific reserve. Based on its comprehensive analysis, management deemed the allowance for loan losses of at December 31, 2012 adequate to cover probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. However, a further decline in local economic conditions, results of examinations by the Company’s regulators, or other factors could result in a material increase in the allowance for loan losses and may adversely affect the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. In addition, because future events affecting borrowers and collateral cannot be predicted with certainty, there can be no assurance that the existing allowance for loan losses will be adequate or that substantial increases will not be necessary should the quality of any loans deteriorate or should collateral values further decline as a result of the factors discussed elsewhere in the document. For further information regarding the Company’s impaired loans and allowance for loan losses, see Note 8 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.

Troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”) are loans where the Company, for economic or legal reasons related to the borrower's financial condition, has granted a concession to the borrower that it would otherwise not consider. A TDR typically involves a modification of terms such as a reduction of the stated interest rate or face amount of the loan, a reduction of accrued interest, or an extension of the maturity date(s) at a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate for a new loan with similar risk.

TDRs are considered impaired loans and as such, when a loan is deemed to be impaired, the amount of the impairment is measured using discounted cash flows using the original note rate, except when the loan is collateral dependent. In these cases, the estimated fair value of the collateral and when applicable, less selling costs, are used.  Impairment is recognized as a specific component within the allowance for loan losses if the value of the impaired loan is less than the recorded
 
 
30

 
investment in the loan. When the amount of the impairment represents a confirmed loss, it is charged off against the allowance for loan losses. At December 31, 2012 the Company had TDRs totaling $22.5 million of which $13.2 million were on accrual status. However, all of the Company’s TDRs are paying as agreed except for two loans totaling $895,000 that defaulted in August 2012. The related amount of interest income recognized on TDR loans was $481,000 for the nine months ended December 31, 2012.

The Company has determined that, in certain circumstances, it is appropriate to split a loan into multiple notes. This typically includes a nonperforming charged-off loan that is not supported by the cash flow of the relationship and a performing loan that is supported by the cash flow. These may also be split into multiple notes to align portions of the loan balance with the various sources of repayment when more than one exists. Generally the new loans are restructured based on customary underwriting standards. In situations where they were not, the policy exception qualifies as a concession, and so long as the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, the loans are accounted for as TDRs.

The Company’s general policy related to TDRs is to perform a credit evaluation of the borrower’s financial condition and prospects for repayment under the revised terms. This evaluation includes consideration of the borrower’s sustained historical repayment performance for a reasonable period of time. A sustained period of repayment performance generally would be a minimum of six months, and may include repayments made prior to the restructuring date. If repayment of principal and interest appears doubtful, it is placed on non-accrual status.

The following table sets forth information regarding the Company’s nonperforming assets.

   
December 31,
2012
   
March 31,
2012
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Loans accounted for on a non-accrual basis:
           
Commercial business
$
1,019
 
$
3,930
 
Other real estate mortgage
 
20,131
   
28,562
 
Real estate construction
 
687
   
7,756
 
Real estate one-to-four family
 
2,828
   
3,915
 
Total
 
24,665
   
44,163
 
Accruing loans which are contractually
past due 90 days or more
 
-
   
-
 
Total nonperforming loans
 
24,665
   
44,163
 
REO
 
20,698
   
18,731
 
Total nonperforming assets
$
45,363
 
$
62,894
 
Total nonperforming loans to total loans
 
4.41
%
 
6.45
%
Total nonperforming loans to total assets
 
3.10
   
5.16
 
Total nonperforming assets to total assets
 
5.71
   
7.35
 
 
 
 

 
 
31

 
The composition of the Company’s nonperforming assets by loan type and geographical area is as follows:
 
 
 
Northwest
Oregon
   
Other
Oregon
   
Southwest
Washington
   
Other
Washington
   
Other
   
Total
December 31, 2012
(In thousands)
                                   
Commercial business
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
1,019
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
1,019
Commercial real estate
 
2,690
   
178
   
7,435
   
298
   
-
   
10,601
Land
 
-
   
800
   
2,773
   
-
   
-
   
3,573
Multi-family
 
-
   
3,024
   
2,933
   
-
   
-
   
5,957
One-to-four family construction
 
317
   
365
   
5
   
-
   
-
   
687
Real estate one-to-four family
 
579
   
178
   
1,763
   
308
   
-
   
2,828
Total nonperforming loans
 
3,586
   
4,545
   
15,928
   
606
   
-
   
24,665
REO
 
2,388
   
6,066
   
8,344
   
2,745
   
1,155
   
20,698
Total nonperforming assets
$
5,974
 
$
10,611
 
$
24,272
 
$
3,351
 
$
1,155
 
$
45,363

March 31, 2012
 
                                   
Commercial business
$
194
 
$
746
 
$
2,990
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
3,930
Commercial real estate
 
1,867
   
-
   
9,735
   
-
   
2,348
   
13,950
Land
 
-
   
1,902
   
6,383
   
-
   
4,700
   
12,985
Multi-family
 
627
   
1,000
   
-
   
-
   
-
   
1,627
One-to-four family construction
 
1,246
   
6,117
   
393
   
-
   
-
   
7,756
Real estate one-to-four family
 
678
   
189
   
3,048
   
-
   
-
   
3,915
Total nonperforming loans
 
4,612
   
9,954
   
22,549
   
-
   
7,048
   
44,163
REO
 
2,477
   
5,863
   
6,825
   
3,566
   
-
   
18,731
Total nonperforming assets
$
7,089
 
$
15,817
 
$
29,374
 
$
3,566
 
$
7,048
 
$
62,894

The composition of the speculative construction and land development loan portfolios by geographical area is as follows:
 
   
Northwest
Oregon
   
Other
Oregon
   
Southwest
Washington
   
Other
Washington
   
Other
   
Total
December 31, 2012
       
(In thousands)
           
                                   
Land development
$
4,915
 
$
2,356
 
$
18,852
 
$
-
 
$
-
 
$
26,123
Speculative construction
 
317
   
365
   
1,354
   
418
   
-
   
2,454
Total land and speculative construction
$
5,232
 
$
2,721
 
$
20,206
 
$
418
 
$
-
 
$
28,577

March 31, 2012
                     
                                   
Land development
$
6,044
 
$
3,672
 
$
24,472
 
$
-
 
$
4,700
 
$
38,888
Speculative construction
 
1,246
   
6,117
   
3,006
   
392
   
-
   
10,761
Total land and speculative construction
$
7,290
 
$
9,789
 
$
27,478
 
$
392
 
$
4,700
 
$
49,649

Other loans of concern, defined as accruing classified loans, totaled $41.7 million at December 31, 2012 compared to $41.9 million at March 31, 2012. Included in other loans of concern at December 31, 2012 were twenty commercial loans totaling $5.6 million (the largest of which was $1.8 million), twenty-five commercial real estate loans totaling $32.8 million (the largest of which was $4.9 million), three multi-family loans totaling $1.3 million and four land acquisition and development loans totaling $2.0 million. Other loans of concern consist of loans where the borrowers have cash flow problems, or the collateral securing the respective loans may be inadequate. In either or both of these situations, the borrowers may be unable to comply with the present loan repayment terms, and the loans may subsequently be included in the non-accrual category. Management considers the allowance for loan losses to be adequate to cover the probable losses inherent in these and other loans.

At December 31, 2012 and March 31, 2012, loans delinquent 30 - 89 days were 1.44% and 1.29%, respectively, of total loans. At December 31, 2012, the 30 - 89 days delinquency rate in the commercial business portfolio was 0.18% while the delinquency rate in the commercial real estate loan portfolio was 2.04%, comprised of five loans for $6.3 million. At that date, commercial real estate loans represented the largest portion of the loan portfolio at 54.86% of total loans and commercial business loans represented 13.43% of total loans. At December 31, 2012, the 30-89 days delinquency rate in the real estate one-to-four family loan portfolio was 1.65%.

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements and Other Contractual Obligations

Through the normal course of operations, the Company enters into certain contractual obligations and other commitments.  Obligations generally relate to funding of operations through deposits and borrowings as well as leases for premises.  Commitments generally relate to lending operations.

 
32

 
The Company has obligations under long-term operating leases, principally for building space and land. Lease terms generally cover a five-year period, with options to extend, and are not subject to cancellation.

The Company has commitments to originate fixed and variable rate mortgage loans to customers. Because some commitments expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Undisbursed loan funds and unused lines of credit include funds not disbursed, but committed to construction projects and home equity and commercial lines of credit. Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party.

For further information regarding the Company’s off-balance sheet arrangements and other contractual obligations, see Note 14 of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1 of this Form 10-Q.

Goodwill Valuation

Goodwill is initially recorded when the purchase price paid for an acquisition exceeds the estimated fair value of the net identified tangible and intangible assets acquired. Goodwill is presumed to have an indefinite useful life and is tested, at least annually, for impairment at the reporting unit level. The Company has one reporting unit, the Bank, for purposes of computing goodwill. All of the Company’s goodwill has been allocated to this single reporting unit. The Company performs an annual review in the third quarter of each fiscal year, or more frequently if indications of potential impairment exist, to determine if the recorded goodwill is impaired. If the fair value exceeds the carrying value, goodwill at the reporting unit level is not considered impaired and no additional analysis is necessary.  If the carrying value of the reporting unit is higher than its fair value, there is an indication that impairment may exist and additional analysis must be performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The amount of impairment is determined by comparing the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill to the carrying value of the goodwill in the same manner as if the reporting unit was being acquired in a business combination. Specifically, the Company would allocate the fair value to all of the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit, including unrecognized intangible assets, in a hypothetical analysis that would calculate the implied fair value of goodwill. If the implied fair value of goodwill is less than the recorded goodwill, the Company would record an impairment charge for the difference.

A significant amount of judgment is involved in determining if an indicator of impairment has occurred. Such indicators may include, among others; a significant decline in expected future cash flows; a sustained, significant decline in the Company’s stock price and market capitalization; a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate; adverse assessment or action by a regulator; and unanticipated competition. Any adverse change in these factors could have a significant impact on the recoverability of such assets and could have a material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements.

The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment test during the quarter-ended December 31, 2012. The goodwill impairment test involves a two-step process. Step one of the goodwill impairment test estimates the fair value of the reporting unit utilizing the allocation of corporate value approach, the income approach and the market approach in order to derive an enterprise value of the Company. The allocation of corporate value approach applies the aggregate market value of the Company and divides it among the reporting units. A key assumption in this approach is the control premium applied to the aggregate market value. A control premium is utilized as the value of a company from the perspective of a controlling interest and is generally higher than the widely quoted market price per share. The Company used an expected control premium of 40%, which was based on comparable transactional history. The income approach uses a reporting unit’s projection of estimated operating results and cash flows that is discounted using a rate that reflects current market conditions. The projection uses management’s best estimates of economic and market conditions over the projected period including growth rates in loans and deposits, estimates of future expected changes in net interest margins and cash expenditures. Assumptions used by the Company in its discounted cash flow model (income approach) included an annual revenue growth rate that approximated 1.8%, a net interest margin that approximated 4.1% and a return on assets that ranged from 0.43% to 0.92% (average of 0.67%). In addition to utilizing the above projections of estimated operating results, key assumptions used to determine the fair value estimate under the income approach was the discount rate of 15.2% utilized for our cash flow estimates and a terminal value estimated at 1.3 times the ending book value of the reporting unit. The Company used a build-up approach in developing the discount rate that included: an assessment of the risk free interest rate, the rate of return expected from publicly traded stocks, the industry the Company operates in and the size of the Company. The market approach estimates fair value by applying tangible book value multiples to the reporting unit’s operating performance. The multiples are derived from comparable publicly traded companies with similar operating and investment characteristics of the reporting unit. In applying the market approach method, the Company selected eight publicly traded comparable institutions based on a variety of financial metrics (tangible equity, leverage ratio, return on assets, return on equity, net interest margin, nonperforming assets, net charge-offs, and reserves for loan losses) and other relevant qualitative factors (geographical location, lines of business, business model, risk profile, availability of financial information, etc.). After selecting comparable institutions, the Company derived the fair value of the reporting unit by completing a comparative analysis of the relationship between their financial metrics listed above and their market values utilizing a market multiple of 1.12 times tangible book. The Company calculated a fair value of its reporting unit of $72
 
 
33

 
million using the corporate value approach, $77 million using the income approach and $84 million using the market approach, with a final concluded value of $80 million, with primary weight given to the market approach. The results of the Company’s step one test indicated that the reporting unit’s fair value was less than its carrying value and therefore the Company performed a step two analysis.

The Company calculated the implied fair value of its reporting unit under step two of the goodwill impairment test. Under this approach, the Company calculated the fair value for its unrecognized deposit intangible, as well as the remaining assets and liabilities of the reporting unit. The calculated implied fair value of the Company’s goodwill exceeded the carrying value by $13.6 million. Significant adjustments were made to the fair value of the Company’s loans receivable compared to its recorded value. The Company used two separate methods to determine the fair value of its loans receivable. For performing and noncriticized loans, the Company utilized a discounted cash flow approach. For nonperforming and criticized loans, the Company utilized a comparable transaction approach using comparable loan sales. A key assumption used by the Company under each method was determining an appropriate discount rate. For the discounted cash flow approach the Company started with its contractual cash flows and its current lending rate for comparable loans and adjusted these for both credit and liquidity premiums. For the comparable transaction approach a weighted average discount rate was used that approximated the discount for similar loan sales by the FDIC. Based on results of the step two impairment test, the Company determined no impairment charge of goodwill was required.

Even though the Company determined that there was no goodwill impairment during the third quarter of fiscal 2013, continued declines in the value of its stock price as well as values of other financial institutions, declines in revenue for the Company beyond our current forecasts and significant adverse changes in the operating environment for the financial industry may result in a future impairment charge.

It is possible that changes in circumstances existing at the measurement date or at other times in the future, or in the numerous estimates associated with management’s judgments, assumptions and estimates made in assessing the fair value of our goodwill, could result in an impairment charge of a portion or all of our goodwill. If the Company recorded an impairment charge, its financial position and results of operations would be adversely affected, however, such an impairment charge would have no impact on our liquidity, operations or regulatory capital.

Comparison of Operating Results for the Three and Nine Months Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011

Net Interest Income. The Company’s profitability depends primarily on its net interest income, which is the difference between the income it receives on interest-earning assets and the interest paid on deposits and borrowings. When interest-earning assets equal or exceed interest-bearing liabilities, any positive interest rate spread will generate net interest income. The Company’s results of operations are also significantly affected by general economic and competitive conditions, particularly changes in market interest rates, government legislation and regulation, and monetary and fiscal policies.

Net interest income for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012 was $7.4 million and $23.2 million, respectively, representing a $1.0 million and $2.4 million decrease, respectively, compared to the same three and nine months ended December 31, 2011. Average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities increased to 125.48% and 122.43% for the three and nine month periods ended December 31, 2012 compared to 121.42% and 120.43% for the same prior year periods. The net interest margin for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012 was 4.03% and 4.19%, respectively, compared to 4.21% and 4.40%, respectively, for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011.

The Company generally achieves better net interest margins in a stable or increasing interest rate environment as a result of the balance sheet being slightly asset interest rate sensitive. Approximately 10.88% of our loan portfolio was adjustable (floating) at December 31, 2012. At December 31, 2012, approximately $43.3 million, or 71.13% of our adjustable (floating) loan portfolio contained interest rate floors, below which the loans’ contractual interest rate may not adjust. The inability of these loans to adjust downward has contributed to increased income in the currently low interest rate environment; however, net interest income will be reduced in a rising interest rate environment until such time as the current rate exceeds these interest rate floors. At December 31, 2012, $42.4 million or 7.58% of the loans in the Company’s loan portfolio were at the floor interest rate of which $27.5 million or 64.87% had yields that would begin floating again once the Prime Rate increases at least 150 basis points. Generally, interest rates on the Company’s interest-earning assets reprice faster than interest rates on the Company’s interest-bearing liabilities. In a decreasing interest rate environment, the Company requires time to reduce deposit interest rates to recover the decline in the net interest margin. While the Company does not anticipate further significant reductions in market interest rates, further modest reductions in its deposit costs are expected due to decreases in its deposit rate offerings and as existing long-term deposits renew upon maturity and reprice at a lower rate. The amount and timing of these reductions is dependent on competitive pricing pressures, yield curve shape and changes in interest rate spreads.

Interest Income. Interest income for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, was $8.1 million and $26.0 million, respectively, compared to $9.8 million and $30.2 million, respectively, for the same periods in the prior year. This represents a decrease of $1.7 million and $4.2 million for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012,
 
 
34

 
respectively, compared to the same prior year periods. These decreases were due primarily to a decrease in average loan balances, and to a lesser extent, the impact of loans repricing down to the current low interest rates.

The average balance of net loans decreased $119.6 million and $76.8 million to $574.6 million and $617.1 million for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively, from $694.2 million and $693.9 million for the same prior year periods, respectively. The decrease in average loan balances was due to the Company’s effort in the past fiscal year to restructure its balance sheet and reduce its overall loans receivable as part of the Company’s asset quality, capital and liquidity strategies. The decrease was also due to an increase in principal repayments and to the sale of $31.4 million in one-to-four family mortgages loans to FHLMC during the quarter-ended June 30, 2012. The yield on net loans was 5.41% and 5.45% for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively, compared to 5.53% and 5.69% for the same three and nine month periods in the prior year. During the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, the Company also reversed $34,000 and $139,000, respectively, of interest income on nonperforming loans.

Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased $690,000 and $1.8 million to $752,000 and $2.8 million for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively, compared to $1.4 million and $4.6 million for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011. These decreases in interest expense were the result of declining deposit costs, primarily due to the low interest rate environment. The weighted average interest rate on interest-bearing deposits decreased to 0.43% and 0.49% for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively from 0.67% and 0.74% for the same respective periods in the prior year. The decrease in interest expense was also due the Company’s junior subordinated debentures changing from a fixed to floating interest rate. The weighted average interest rate on other interest-bearing liabilities decreased to 2.47% and 3.52% for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively from 5.99% and 5.89% for the same respective periods in the prior year.
 
 
 
 
 
 
35

 
The following tables set forth, for the periods indicated, information regarding average balances of assets and liabilities as well as the total dollar amounts of interest earned on average interest-earning assets and interest paid on average interest-bearing liabilities, resultant yields, interest rate spread, ratio of interest-earning assets to interest-bearing liabilities and net interest margin.

 
Three Months Ended December 31,
 
2012
 
2011
 
Average
Balance
 
Interest and
Dividends
 
Yield/Cost
   
Average
Balance
 
Interest and
Dividends
 
Yield/Cost
 
             
(Dollars in thousands)
           
Interest-earning assets:
                                 
Mortgage loans
$
498,132
 
$
6,813
 
5.43
%
 
$
609,718
 
$
8,529
 
5.55
%
Non-mortgage loans
 
76,485
   
1,025
 
5.32
     
84,487
   
1,140
 
5.35
 
   Total net loans (1)
 
574,617
   
7,838
 
5.41
     
694,205
   
9,669
 
5.53
 
                                   
Mortgage-backed securities (2)
 
730
   
6
 
3.26
     
1,378
   
12
 
3.45
 
Investment securities (2)(3)
 
7,979
   
133
 
6.61
     
6,964
   
44
 
2.51
 
Daily interest-bearing assets
 
1,142
   
-
 
-
     
3,848
   
-
 
-
 
Other earning assets
 
142,854
   
160
 
0.44
     
84,527
   
109
 
0.51
 
   Total interest-earning assets
 
727,322
   
8,137
 
4.44
     
790,922
   
9,834
 
4.93
 
                                   
Non-interest-earning assets:
                                 
    Office properties and equipment, net
 
17,712
               
16,507
           
Other non-interest-earning assets
 
60,280
               
79,557
           
  Total assets
$
805,314
             
$
886,986
           
                                   
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                                 
Regular savings accounts
$
49,886
   
19
 
0.15
   
$
41,057
   
31
 
0.30
 
Interest checking accounts
 
80,383
   
24
 
0.12
     
100,858
   
71
 
0.28
 
Money market deposit accounts
 
225,212
   
126
 
0.22
     
236,067
   
250
 
0.42
 
Certificates of deposit
 
198,999
   
426
 
0.85
     
248,144
   
709
 
1.13
 
   Total interest-bearing deposits
 
554,480
   
595
 
0.43
     
626,126
   
1,061
 
0.67
 
                                   
Other interest-bearing liabilities
 
25,173
   
157
 
2.47
     
25,242
   
381
 
5.99
 
   Total interest-bearing liabilities
 
579,653
   
752
 
0.51
     
651,368
   
1,442
 
0.88
 
                                   
Non-interest-bearing liabilities:
                                 
  Non-interest-bearing deposits
 
139,593
               
116,773
           
  Other liabilities
 
8,230
               
9,544
           
   Total liabilities
 
727,476
               
777,685
           
Shareholders’ equity
 
77,838
               
109,301
           
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
$
805,314
             
$
886,986
           
                                   
Net interest income
     
$
7,385
             
$
8,392
     
                                   
Interest rate spread
           
3.93
%
             
4.05
%
                                   
Net interest margin
           
4.03
%
             
4.21
%
                                   
Ratio of average interest-earning assets to
   average interest-bearing liabilities
           
125.48
%
             
121.42
%
                                   
Tax equivalent adjustment (3)
     
$
1
             
$
5
     
 
(1) Includes non-accrual loans.
 
               
(2) For purposes of the computation of average yield on investments available for sale, historical cost balances were utilized;
     therefore, the yield information does not give effect to changes in fair value that are reflected as a component of shareholders’ equity.
 
(3) Tax-equivalent adjustment relates to non-taxable investment interest income.  Interest and rates are presented on a fully taxable –equivalent basis using a tax rate of 34%.

 
36

 

 
Nine Months Ended December 31,
 
2012
 
2011
 
Average
Balance
 
Interest and
Dividends
 
Yield/Cost
   
Average
Balance
 
Interest and
Dividends
 
Yield/Cost
 
             
(Dollars in thousands)
           
Interest-earning assets:
                                 
Mortgage loans
$
537,661
 
$
22,244
 
5.49
%
 
$
607,989
 
$
26,257
 
5.73
%
Non-mortgage loans
 
79,406
   
3,107
 
5.19
     
85,867
   
3,507
 
5.42
 
   Total net loans (1)
 
617,067
   
25,351
 
5.45
     
693,856
   
29,764
 
5.69
 
                                   
Mortgage-backed securities (2)
 
882
   
21
 
3.16
     
1,587
   
41
 
3.43
 
Investment securities (2)(3)
 
8,288
   
246
 
3.94
     
8,320
   
162
 
2.58
 
Daily interest-bearing assets
 
1,427
   
-
 
-
     
4,022
   
-
 
-
 
Other earning assets
 
109,694
   
417
 
0.50
     
66,541
   
273
 
0.54
 
   Total interest-earning assets
 
737,358
   
26,035
 
4.69
     
774,326
   
30,240
 
5.18
 
                                   
Non-interest-earning assets:
                                 
    Office properties and equipment, net
 
17,646
               
16,274
           
Other non-interest-earning assets
 
64,306
               
81,253
           
   Total assets
$
819,310
             
$
871,853
           
                                   
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                                 
Regular savings accounts
$
48,357
   
72
 
0.20
   
$
39,126
   
95
 
0.32
 
Interest checking accounts
 
85,846
   
111
 
0.17
     
94,032
   
214
 
0.30
 
Money market deposit accounts
 
231,654
   
483
 
0.28
     
231,626
   
839
 
0.48
 
Certificates of deposit
 
211,248
   
1,451
 
0.91
     
252,940
   
2,301
 
1.21
 
   Total interest-bearing deposits
 
577,105
   
2,117
 
0.49
     
617,724
   
3,449
 
0.74
 
                                   
Other interest-bearing liabilities
 
25,188
   
668
 
3.52
     
25,250
   
1,121
 
5.89
 
   Total interest-bearing liabilities
 
602,293
   
2,785
 
0.61
     
642,974
   
4,570
 
0.94
 
                                   
Non-interest-bearing liabilities:
                                 
  Non-interest-bearing deposits
 
131,517
               
109,980
           
  Other liabilities
 
8,723
               
9,497
           
  Total liabilities
 
742,533
               
762,451
           
Shareholders’ equity
 
76,777
               
109,402
           
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity
$
819,310
             
$
871,853
           
                                   
Net interest income
     
$
23,250
             
$
25,670
     
                                   
Interest rate spread
           
4.08
%
             
4.24
%
                                   
Net interest margin
           
4.19
%
             
4.40
%
                                   
Ratio of average interest-earning assets to average interest-bearing liabilities
           
122.43
%
             
120.43
%
                                   
Tax equivalent adjustment (3)
     
$
8
             
$
18
     
 
(1) Includes non-accrual loans.
 
       
(2) For purposes of the computation of average yield on investments available for sale, historical cost balances were utilized;
     therefore, the yield information does not give effect to changes in fair value that are reflected as a component of shareholders’ equity.
 
(3) Tax-equivalent adjustment relates to non-taxable investment interest income.  Interest and rates are presented on a fully taxable –equivalent basis using a tax rate of 34%.

 
37

 

The following table sets forth the effects of changing rates and volumes on net interest income of the Company for the periods-ended December 31, 2012 compared to the periods ended December 31, 2011.  Variances that were insignificant have been allocated based upon the percentage relationship of changes in volume and changes in rate to the total net change.

 
Three Months Ended December 31,
 
Nine Months Ended December 31,
 
2012 vs. 2011
 
2012 vs. 2011
                                       
 
Increase (Decrease) Due to
         
Increase (Decrease) Due to
       
             
Total
               
Total
 
             
Increase
               
Increase
 
(In thousands)
Volume
 
Rate
 
(Decrease)
   
Volume
 
Rate
 
(Decrease)
 
                                       
Interest Income:
                                     
Mortgage loans
$
(1,535
)
$
(181
)
$
(1,716
)
 
$
(2,946
)
$
(1,067
)
$
(4,013
)
Non-mortgage loans
 
(109
)
 
(6
)
 
(115
)
   
(256
)
 
(144
)
 
(400
)
Mortgage-backed securities
 
(5
)
 
(1
)
 
(6
)
   
(17
)
 
(3
)
 
(20
)
Investment securities (1)
 
7
   
82
   
89
     
(1
)
 
85
   
84
 
Daily interest-bearing
 
-
   
-
   
-
     
1
   
(1
)
 
-
 
Other earning assets
 
68
   
(17
)
 
51
     
165
   
(21
)
 
144
 
Total interest income
 
(1,574
)
 
(123
)
 
(1,697
)
   
(3,054
)
 
(1,151
)
 
(4,205
)
                                       
Interest Expense:
                                     
Regular savings accounts
 
6
   
(18
)
 
(12
)
   
18
   
(41
)
 
(23
)
Interest checking accounts
 
(12
)
 
(35
)
 
(47
)
   
(18
)
 
(85
)
 
(103
)
Money market deposit accounts
 
(10
)
 
(114
)
 
(124
)
   
-
   
(356
)
 
(356
)
Certificates of deposit
 
(122
)
 
(161
)
 
(283
)
   
(339
)
 
(511
)
 
(850
)
Other interest-bearing liabilities
 
(1
)
 
(223
)
 
(224
)
   
(3
)
 
(450
)
 
(453
)
Total interest expense
 
(139
)
 
(551
)
 
(690
)
   
(342
)
 
(1,443
)
 
(1,785
)
Net interest income
$
(1,435
)
$
428
 
$
(1,007
)
 
$
(2,712
)
$
292
 
$
(2,420
)
                                       
(1) Interest is presented on a fully tax-equivalent basis using a tax rate of 34%

Provision for Loan Losses. The provision for loan losses for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012 was none and $4.5 million, respectively, compared to $8.1 million and $11.9 million, respectively for the same periods in the prior year. The decrease in the provision for loan losses for the nine months ended December 31, 2012 was primarily a result of a decrease in the level of delinquent and classified loans in addition to an overall decrease in the loan portfolio compared to prior year. However, classified loans have remained at higher levels compared to historical trends. These conditions are primarily the result of the continuing weak economy and decline in real estate values which significantly affected our borrower’s liquidity and ability to repay loans. The weak economy has also adversely affected the Bank’s commercial business and commercial real estate customers in recent quarters. Classified commercial real estate loans increased to $43.4 million at December 31, 2012 compared to $35.1 million at March 31, 2012. Economic factors impacting these borrowers typically lag that of non-commercial business and non-commercial real estate borrowers. The ratio of allowance for loan losses to total loans was 3.51% at December 31, 2012, compared to 2.29% at December 31, 2011.

Net charge-offs for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012 were $507,000 and $4.8 million, respectively, compared to $6.8 million and $10.9 million for the same periods last year. Annualized net charge-offs to average net loans for the nine-month period ended December 31, 2012 was 1.03% compared to 2.08% for the same period in the prior year. Charge-offs decreased during the third fiscal quarter of 2013 compared to the same prior year period primarily as a result of the significant increase in classified and nonperforming loans during the nine months ended December 31, 2011, which resulted in an increase in charge-offs for the corresponding period. Charge-offs exceeded the provision for loan losses for the three months ended December 31, 2012 due to the reduction in the overall loan portfolio balance in addition to the charge-off of $380,000 of specific reserves that were reserved for in prior quarters. The ratio of allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans was 79.60% at December 31, 2012 compared to 45.11% at March 31, 2012. See “Asset Quality” set forth above for additional information related to asset quality that management considers in determining the provision for loan losses.

Impaired loans are subjected to an impairment analysis to determine an appropriate reserve amount to be held against each loan. As of December 31, 2012, the Company had identified $39.9 million of impaired loans. Because the significant majority of the impaired loans are collateral dependent, nearly all of the specific allowances are calculated based on the fair value of the collateral. Of those impaired loans, $31.6 million have no specific valuation allowance as their estimated
 
 
38

 
collateral value is equal to or exceeds the carrying costs, which in some cases is the result of previous loan charge-offs. Charge-offs on these impaired loans totaled $5.2 million from their original loan balance. The remaining $8.4 million of impaired loans have specific valuation allowances totaling $1.2 million.

Non-Interest Income. Non-interest income increased $557,000 and $1.6 million to $2.1 million and $6.8 million for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively, compared to $1.5 million and $5.3 million for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011. The increase between the periods primarily resulted from an increase in the gain on the sale of loans sold to FHLMC totaling $233,000 and $1.1 million for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively. The $1.1 million increase during the nine months ended December 31, 2012 was due to a $704,000 gain on sale resulting from the planned bulk sale of one-to-four family mortgages sold to FHLMC in June 2012 as well as an increase in mortgage banking activity due to an increase in refinancing activity. Fees and service charges also increased $262,000 and $530,000 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively, compared to the same prior year periods as a result of an increase in loan prepayment fees and an increase in brokered mortgage loan fees. These increases were partially offset by decreases in asset management fees of $51,000 and $138,000 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively, compared to the same prior year periods due to a decrease in assets under management.

Non-Interest Expense. Non-interest expense decreased $1.8 million and $1.7 million to $8.4 million and $24.5 million for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively, compared to $10.2 million and $26.2 million for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011. Management continues to focus on managing controllable costs as the Company proactively adjusts to a lower level of real estate loan originations. Certain expenses remain, however, out of the Company’s control such as FDIC insurance premiums.

REO expenses decreased $1.7 million and $1.1 million for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively, compared to the same prior year periods.  The decrease in REO expense was primarily the result of a decrease in the valuation allowances recognized on existing REO properties due to the stabilization of real estate values. Salaries and employee benefits also decreased $142,000 and $765,000 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively, compared to the same prior year period due to a reduction in staffing levels at the Company.

These decreases were partially offset by an increase in FDIC insurance premiums of $144,000 and $266,000 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively, compared to the same prior year periods as a result of an increase in the Bank’s FDIC’s assessment rate.  Furthermore, professional fees increased $113,000 and $178,000 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively, compared to the same prior year periods.

Income Taxes. The provision for income taxes was $6,000 and $23,000 for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2012, respectively, compared to $8.2 million and $8.6 million for the three and nine months ended December 31, 2011, respectively. The provision for income taxes in the prior year was a result of an $8.7 million charge to create a valuation allowance against the Company’s deferred tax assets. In accordance with current accounting guidance, a valuation allowance is required to be recognized if it is “more likely than not” that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. “More likely than not” is defined as greater than 50% probability of occurrence. A determination as to the ultimate realization of the deferred tax assets is dependent upon management’s judgment and evaluation of both positive and negative evidence, forecasts of future taxable income, applicable tax planning strategies, and an assessment of current and future economic and business conditions.

As of December 31, 2012, the Company determined that it was appropriate to carry a deferred tax asset valuation allowance of $16.8 million, reducing its deferred tax asset to $527,000 which is the amount related to the Company’s unrealized losses on its available for sale debt securities. Any future reversals of the deferred tax asset valuation allowance as a result of changes in the factors considered by management in establishing the allowance, including any return to profitability, would decrease the Company’s income tax expense and increase its after tax net income in the periods in which a reversal is recorded. At December 31, 2012, the Company had $6.1 million in deferred tax asset for federal and state, net operating loss carryforwards which will expire in 2032.
 
 
39

 
Item 3.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

There has not been any material change in the market risk disclosures contained in the 2012 Form 10-K.

Item 4.  Controls and Procedures

An evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13(a) - 15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of December 31, 2012 was carried out under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer and several other members of the Company’s senior management.  The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as in effect on December 31, 2012 were effective in ensuring that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files or submits under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 is (i) accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management (including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer) in a timely manner, and (ii) recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

In the quarter-ended December 31, 2012, the Company did not make any changes in its internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect these controls.

While the Company believes the present design of its disclosure controls and procedures is effective to achieve its goal, future events affecting its business may cause the Company to modify its disclosure controls and procedures. The Company does not expect that its disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting will prevent all error and fraud. A control procedure, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control procedure are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control procedures, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, within the Company have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns in controls or procedures can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any control procedure is based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions; over time, controls become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control procedure, misstatements attributable to error or fraud may occur and not be detected.
 
 
 
 
 
40

 
RIVERVIEW BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARY
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The Company is party to litigation arising in the ordinary course of business.  In the opinion of management, these actions will not have a material adverse effect, on the Company’s financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

There have been no material changes to the risk factors set forth in Part I. Item 1A of the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2012.

Item 2. Unregistered Sale of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

                  None.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 
                 Not applicable

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
 
                Not applicable

Item 5. Other Information
 
               Not applicable
 
 
 
 
41

 

Item 6. Exhibits
(a)  
Exhibits:
 
  3.1  Articles of Incorporation of the Registrant (1) 
  3.2  Bylaws of the Registrant (1) 
  Form of Certificate of Common Stock of the Registrant (1) 
  10.1 
Form of Employment Agreement between the Bank and each Patrick Sheaffer, Ronald A. Wysaske, David A. Dahlstrom and John A. Karas(2)
  10.2  Form of Change in Control Agreement between the Bank and Kevin J. Lycklama (2) 
  10.3 Employee Severance Compensation Plan (3) 
  10.4  Employee Stock Ownership Plan (4) 
  10.5  1998 Stock Option Plan (5) 
  10.6  2003 Stock Option Plan (6) 
  10.7  Form of Incentive Stock Option Award Pursuant to 2003 Stock Option Plan (7) 
  10.8  Form of Non-qualified Stock Option Award Pursuant to 2003 Stock Option Plan (7) 
  10.9
Deferred Compensation Plan (8)
  10.10 
Agreement among Riverview Community Bank and the OCC entered into on January 25, 2012 (9)
  11 
Statement recomputation of per share earnings (See Note 4 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements contained herein.)
  18 
Preferability Letter Regarding Change in Accounting Policy relating to Goodwill
  31.1 
Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
  31.2
Certifications of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
  32 
Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
  101 
The following materials from Riverview Bancorp Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2012, formatted on Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) (a) Consolidated Balance Sheets; (b) Consolidated Statements of Income; (c) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss); (d) Consolidated Statements of Equity (e) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (f) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (10)
 

(1)
Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-30203), and incorporated herein by reference.
(2)
Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on September 18, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference.
(3)
Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter-ended September 30, 1997, and incorporated herein by reference.
(4)
Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 1998, and incorporated herein by reference.
(5)
Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 333-66049), and incorporated herein by reference.
(6)  
Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Definitive Annual Meeting Proxy Statement (000-22957), filed with the Commission on June 5, 2003, and incorporated herein by reference.
(7)  
Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter-ended December 31, 2005, and incorporated herein by reference.
(8)  
Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended March 31, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference.
(9)  
Filed as an exhibit to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December, 31, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference.
(10)  
Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, these interactive data files are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Section 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 or Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise not subject to liability under those sections.
 

 
 
42

 
SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
       RIVERVIEW BANCORP, INC.
 
 
By: /S/ Patrick Sheaffer By:  /S/ Kevin J. Lycklama
  Patrick Sheaffer    Kevin J. Lycklama 
 
Chairman of the Board
 
Executive Vice President
 
Chief Executive Officer
 
Chief Financial Officer
  (Principal Executive Officer)     
 
 
 
   
Date:  February 12, 2013  Date:  February 12, 2013 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
43

 
EXHIBIT INDEX

 
18
Preferability Letter Regarding Change in Accounting Policy relating to Goodwill
 
31.1
Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
 
31.2
Certifications of the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
 
32
Certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
 
101*
The following materials from Riverview Bancorp Inc.’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2012, formatted on Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL) (a) Consolidated Balance Sheets; (b) Consolidated Statements of Income; (c) Consolidated Statements of Equity (d) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (e) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 
*
Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, these interactive data files are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Section 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 or Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise not subject to liability under those sections.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
44