Edgar Filing: ALLERGAN INC

AGN 10-K 2014

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

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FORM 10-K

(Mark One)



þ	ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
	For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2014



¨	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 1-10269

Allergan, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)



Delaware	95-1622442
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2525 Dupont Drive Irvine, California	92612
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)	(Zip Code)

(714) 246-4500

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:



Title of Each Class	Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value	New York Stock Exchange

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes þ No ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer þ	Accelerated filer ¨
Non-accelerated filer ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)	Smaller reporting company ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No þ

As of June 30, 2014, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $50,168 million based on the closing sale price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.

Common stock outstanding as of February 12, 2015 — 307,605,860 shares (including 7,368,166 shares held in treasury).

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TABLE OF CONTENTS



		Page
PART I.		1
Item 1.	Business	1
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	24
Item 1B.	Unresolved Staff Comments	36
Item 2.	Properties	36
Item 3.	Legal Proceedings	36
Item 4.	Mine Safety Disclosures	36

PART II.		37
Item 5.	Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities	37
Item 6.	Selected Financial Data	39
Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	40
Item 7A.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	70
Item 8.	Financial Statements and Supplementary Data	73
Item 9.	Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure	73
Item 9A.	Controls and Procedures	74
Item 9B.	Other Information	74

PART III.		75
Item 10.	Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance	75
Item 11.	Executive Compensation	80
Item 12.	Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters	108
Item 13.	Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence	111
Item 14.	Principal Accounting Fees and Services	112

PART IV.		114
Item 15.	Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules	114

SIGNATURES		121

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Forward-Looking Statements

Statements made by us in this report and in other reports and statements released by us that are not historical facts constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements are necessarily estimates reflecting the judgment of our management based on our current estimates, expectations, forecasts and projections and include comments that express our current opinions about trends and factors that may impact future operating results. Disclosures that use words such as we “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “could,” “plan,” “expect,” “project” or the negative of these, as well as similar expressions, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and rely on a number of assumptions concerning future events, many of which are outside of our control, and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results, performance or achievements, or industry results, to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We discuss such risks, uncertainties and other factors throughout this report and specifically under the caption “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part I of this report below. Any such forward-looking statements, whether made in this report or elsewhere, should be considered in the context of the various disclosures made by us about our businesses including, without limitation, the risk factors discussed below. Except as required under the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, we do not have any intention or obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, changes in assumptions or otherwise.

PART I

Item 1. Business

General Overview of our Business

We are a multi-specialty health care company focused on developing and commercializing innovative pharmaceuticals, biologics, medical devices and over-the-counter products that enable people to live life to its full potential - to see more clearly, move more freely and express themselves more fully. We discover, develop and commercialize a diverse range of products for the ophthalmic, neurological, medical aesthetics, medical dermatology, breast aesthetics, urological and other specialty markets in more than 100 countries around the world.

We are also a pioneer in specialty pharmaceutical, biologic and medical device research and development. Our research and development efforts are focused on products and technologies related to the many specialty areas in which we currently operate as well as new specialty areas where unmet medical needs are significant. We supplement our own research and development activities with our commitment to identify and obtain new technologies through in-licensing, research collaborations, joint ventures and acquisitions.

Our diversified business model includes products for which patients may be eligible for reimbursement and cash pay products that consumers pay for directly out-of-pocket. Based on internal information and assumptions, we estimate that in fiscal year 2014, approximately 62% of our product net sales were derived from reimbursable products and 38% of our product net sales were derived from cash pay products.

In March 2013, we acquired MAP Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a publicly held biopharmaceutical company focused on developing and commercializing new therapies in neurology, including Semprana™, formerly referred to as Levadex^®, a self-administered, orally inhaled therapy consisting of a proprietary formulation of dihydroergotamine using the proprietary Tempo^® delivery system, for the treatment of acute migraine in adults.

In December 2013, we completed the sale of our obesity intervention business, including the sale of assets related to the Lap-Band^® gastric band system and the Orbera^™intra-gastric balloon system. As a result of the sale of the obesity intervention business unit, we have reported the financial results from that business unit as discontinued operations in our consolidated financial statements.

In November 2014, we entered into a definitive agreement with Actavis plc, or Actavis, under which Actavis will acquire Allergan for a combination of $129.22 in cash and 0.3683 Actavis shares for each share of Allergan common stock. The transaction remains subject to customary closing conditions, including receipt of stockholder approval and certain regulatory approvals. The transaction is expected to close in the late first quarter or early second quarter of 2015.

We were founded in 1950 and incorporated in Delaware in 1977. Our principal executive offices are located at 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, California, 92612, and our telephone number at that location is (714) 246-4500. Our website address is www.allergan.com (the information available at our website address is not incorporated by reference into this report). We make

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our periodic and current reports available on our website, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. The SEC maintains a website at www.sec.gov that contains the reports and other information that we file electronically with the SEC.

Operating Segments

We operate our business on the basis of two reportable segments - specialty pharmaceuticals and medical devices. The specialty pharmaceuticals segment produces a broad range of pharmaceutical products, including: ophthalmic products for dry eye, glaucoma, inflammation, infection, allergy and retinal disease; Botox^® for certain therapeutic and aesthetic indications; skin care products for acne, psoriasis, eyelash growth and other prescription and over-the-counter skin care products; and urologics products. The medical devices segment produces a broad range of medical devices, including: breast implants for augmentation, revision and reconstructive surgery and tissue expanders; and facial aesthetics products.

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, product net sales for each of our product lines within our specialty pharmaceuticals and medical devices segments, segment operating income for our specialty pharmaceuticals and medical devices segments, domestic and international sales as a percentage of total product net sales, and domestic and international long-lived assets:



	Year Ended December 31,
	2014			2013			2012
	(dollars in millions)
Specialty Pharmaceuticals Segment Product Net Sales by Product Line
Eye Care Pharmaceuticals	$	3,257.9		$	2,890.3		$	2,692.2
Botox^®/Neuromodulators	2,230.6			1,982.2			1,766.3
Skin Care and Other	523.6			466.5			326.1
Total Specialty Pharmaceuticals Segment Product Net Sales	$	6,012.1		$	5,339.0		$	4,784.6

Medical Devices Segment Product Net Sales by Product Line
Breast Aesthetics	$	406.7		$	377.9		$	377.1
Facial Aesthetics	661.8			477.5			387.6
Core Medical Devices	1,068.5			855.4			764.7
Other (1)	45.5			3.1			—
Total Medical Devices Segment Product Net Sales	$	1,114.0		$	858.5		$	764.7

Specialty Pharmaceuticals Segment Operating Income (2)	$	2,832.3		$	2,282.0		$	1,997.7
Medical Devices Segment Operating Income (2)	382.9			246.2			229.1

Consolidated Product Net Sales
Domestic	63.4		%	62.0		%	60.9		%
International	36.6		%	38.0		%	39.1		%

Consolidated Long-Lived Assets
Domestic	$	4,497.0		$	4,274.7		$	3,242.9
International	725.7			674.7			649.8

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(1)	Other medical devices product sales consist of sales made pursuant to transition services agreements with Apollo Endosurgery, Inc., or Apollo, related to the sale of our obesity intervention business unit.

(2)

Management evaluates business segment performance on an operating income basis exclusive of general and administrative expenses and other indirect costs, legal settlement expenses, impairment of intangible assets and related costs, restructuring charges, amortization of certain identifiable intangible assets related to business combinations and asset acquisitions and related capitalized licensing costs and certain other adjustments, which are not allocated to our business segments for performance assessment by our chief operating decision maker. Other adjustments excluded from our business segments for purposes of performance assessment represent income or expenses that do not reflect, according to established company-defined criteria, operating income or expenses associated with our core business activities.

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We do not discretely allocate assets to our operating segments, nor does our chief operating decision maker evaluate operating segments using discrete asset information.

See Note 16, “Business Segment Information,” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements listed under Item 15 of Part IV of this report, “Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules,” for further information concerning our foreign and domestic operations.

Specialty Pharmaceuticals Segment

Eye Care Pharmaceuticals

We develop, manufacture and market a broad range of prescription and non-prescription products designed to treat diseases and disorders of the eye, including dry eye, glaucoma, inflammation, infection, allergy and retinal disease.

Dry Eye

Restasis^® (cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion) 0.05%, our best-selling eye care product, is the largest eye drop by value worldwide, the largest prescription ophthalmic pharmaceutical by sales value in the United States, and the first, and currently the only, prescription eye drop with regulatory approval to help increase tear production in cases where tear production may be reduced by inflammation due to chronic dry eye. Chronic dry eye is a painful and irritating condition involving abnormalities and deficiencies in the tear film initiated by a variety of causes. The incidence of chronic dry eye increases markedly with age, after menopause in women and in people with systemic diseases. We launched Restasis^® in the United States in 2003 and Restasis^® is currently approved in approximately 35 countries.

Our artificial tears products, including the Refresh^® and Optive^™ product lines of lubricant eye drops, treat dry eye symptoms including irritation and dryness due to pollution, computer use, aging and other causes. We launched Refresh^® over 27 years ago and today our artificial tears product line includes a wide range of preserved and non-preserved drops as well as ointments to treat dry eye symptoms. We launched Refresh Optive^®Advanced lubricant eye drops in the United States in 2012 and Refresh Optive^®Advanced/Optive Plus^® is now approved in approximately 40 countries. We also launched Refresh Optive^®Advanced/Optive Plus^® unit dose, which is approved in approximately 30 countries. In 2014, Optive Fusion^TM was launched in the United Kingdom, Germany, Austria, Poland, Scandinavia, Turkey and Greece. Optive Plus^®offers relief for the lipid deficient dry eye sufferer and Optive Fusion^TM addresses the aqueous deficient segment of the dry eye market.

Glaucoma

Our Lumigan^® (bimatoprost ophthalmic solution) product line is our second best-selling eye care product line. Lumigan^® 0.01% is a topical treatment indicated for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Lumigan^® 0.01% was approved in Canada in 2009 and in the United States and Europe in 2010. We currently sell Lumigan^® 0.01% in the United States and it is approved in approximately 55 countries worldwide. Lumigan^® unit dose was approved in Canada in 2013 and we have completed the introduction of Lumigan^® unit dose across the European Union. In 2014, we launched Lumigan^® unit dose in Australia. Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., or Senju, is responsible for the development and commercialization of Lumigan^® in Japan pursuant to an exclusive licensing agreement. We ceased manufacturing of the original formulation of Lumigan^®, Lumigan^® 0.03%, in the United States in 2012, but continue to manufacture Lumigan^® 0.03% for sale in certain markets outside of the United States.

Ganfort^™(bimatoprost/timolol maleate ophthalmic solution) is a bimatoprost and timolol maleate combination designed to treat glaucoma and ocular hypertension in patients who are not responsive to treatment with only one medication. We received approval to market Ganfort^™ in the European Union in 2006. Ganfort^™ is currently approved in approximately 70 countries. In 2014, Ganfort^™ was launched in China and Ganfort ™ unit dose was launched in several countries, including Italy, Spain and Switzerland.

Our Alphagan^®(brimonidine tartrate ophthalmic solution) products are our third best-selling eye care product line. Alphagan^® P 0.1%, Alphagan^® P 0.15% and Alphagan^® P 0.2% are ophthalmic solutions that lower intraocular pressure by reducing aqueous humor production and increasing uveoscleral outflow. Alphagan^® P 0.1% was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, in 2005 and is an improved reformulation of Alphagan^® P 0.15%, which was approved by the FDA in 2001. Alphagan^® P 0.15% and Alphagan^® 0.2% face generic competition in the United States and other parts of the world. Alphagan^®products are approved in approximately 80 countries. Senju is responsible for the development and commercialization of our Alphagan^® products in Japan pursuant to an exclusive licensing agreement between us and Kyorin Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., that Kyorin subsequently sublicensed to Senju. In 2012, Senju received approval from the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare for Aiphagan^® ophthalmic solution 0.1%, or Aiphagan^®, for the reduction of intraocular pressure in patients with ocular hypertension or glaucoma.

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Combigan^®(brimonidine tartrate/timolol maleate ophthalmic solution) 0.2%/0.5% is a brimonidine and timolol combination designed to treat ocular hypertension in glaucoma patients who are not responsive to treatment with only one medication or need additional therapy. Combigan^® is currently approved in approximately 80 countries, including the United States and all countries in the European Union. In 2014, Combigan® was approved in China.

Inflammation

Acuvail^® (ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution) 0.45% is a nonsteroidal, anti-inflammatory indicated for the treatment of ocular pain and inflammation following cataract surgery that was approved by the FDA in 2009. Acular LS^® (ketorolac ophthalmic solution) 0.4% is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory indicated to reduce ocular pain, burning and stinging following corneal refractive surgery. Acular LS^®, approved by the FDA in 2003, is a reformulated version of Acular^®. As of 2013, Acular LS^® no longer faces generic competition in the United States. Pred Forte^® (prednisolone acetate ophthalmic suspension, USP) 1% is a topical steroid that was approved by the FDA over 40 years ago and faces generic competition in the United States.

Infection

Zymaxid^® (gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution) 0.5%, approved by the FDA in 2010, is our next-generation anti-infective product indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis. In 2013, competitive generic versions of Zymaxid^®were launched in the United States.

Allergy

Lastacaft^®(alcaftadine ophthalmic solution) 0.25%, approved by the FDA in 2010, is a topical allergy medication for the prevention and treatment of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. Lastacaft^® is also approved in approximately 20 countries outside the United States, including Brazil, Mexico Israel and Singapore. We acquired the global license to manufacture and commercialize Lastacaft^®in 2010 from Vistakon Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V. and Johnson & Johnson Vision Care Inc., and launched Lastacaft^®in 2011.

Elestat^® (epinastine HCL ophthalmic solution) 0.05% is used for the prevention of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. We license Elestat^® from Boehringer Ingelheim AG, and hold worldwide ophthalmic commercial rights excluding Japan. Elestat^®,together with sales under its brand names Relestat^® and Purivist^®, is currently approved in approximately 55 countries. Elestat^® currently faces generic competition in the United States.

Retinal Disease

Ozurdex^® (dexamethasone intravitreal implant) 0.7 mg is a novel biodegradable formulation of dexamethasone in our proprietary Novadur^® sustained-release drug delivery system that can be used to locally and directly administer medications to the retina. The FDA approved Ozurdex^® in 2009 as the first drug therapy indicated for the treatment of macular edema following retinal vein occlusion, or RVO, and, in 2010, Ozurdex^® was approved by the European Medicines Agency, or EMA, for RVO. Ozurdex^®is currently approved for RVO in approximately 60 countries, including Argentina, Brazil, Canada, India, Korea, Mexico, Thailand and the Philippines. In 2010, the FDA approved Ozurdex^® for the treatment of non-infectious uveitis affecting the posterior segment of the eye and, in 2011, approval for this additional indication was granted by the EMA. Ozurdex^® is currently approved for non-infectious uveitis in approximately 55 countries, with 2014 approvals in several countries, including Peru and Malaysia. In 2014, the FDA approved Ozurdex^® for the treatment of diabetic macular edema, or DME. Also in 2014, the EMA approved Ozurdex^® for the treatment of patients with visual impairment due to DME and are pseudophakic or who are considered insufficiently responsive to, or unsuitable for non-corticosteroid therapy. Additional DME approvals were received in 2014 in Switzerland, Korea and Turkey.

Neuromodulators

Botox^®

Botox^®(onabotulinumtoxinA) was first approved by the FDA in 1989 for the treatment of strabismus and blepharospasm, two eye muscle disorders, making it the first botulinum toxin type A product approved in the world. Since its first approval, Botox^®has been approved by regulatory authorities worldwide as a treatment for more than 25 unique indications in approximately 88 countries. Botox^®Cosmetic was first approved for certain aesthetic use in 2002. In addition to the past 24 years of clinical experience, the safety and efficacy of Botox^® have been well-established with an estimated 17,400 patients that have been treated with Botox^®and Botox^®Cosmetic in approximately 120 clinical trials sponsored by us. There have been approximately 2,300 articles on Botox^® or Botox^®Cosmetic in scientific and medical journals.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, therapeutic uses accounted for approximately 55% of Botox^®total sales and aesthetic uses accounted for approximately 45% of Botox^®total sales. Sales of Botox^® represented approximately 31%, 32% and 32% of

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our total consolidated product net sales in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Botox^® is used therapeutically for the treatment of certain neuromuscular disorders which are characterized by involuntary muscle contractions or spasms, as well for axillary hyperhydrosis and the prophylactic treatment of headaches in adults with chronic migraine. The currently-approved therapeutic indications for Botox^® in the United States include:


•	the prophylactic treatment of headaches in adult patients with chronic migraine (characterized by 15 or more days per month with a headache lasting four or more hours per day);


•	treatment of overactive bladder (OAB) with symptoms of urge urinary incontinence, urgency, and frequency, in adults who have an inadequate response to or are intolerant of an anticholinergic medication;


•	treatment of urinary incontinence due to detrusor overactivity associated with a neurologic condition in adults who have an inadequate response to or are intolerant of an anticholinergic medication;


•	treatment of upper limb spasticity in adult patients;


•	treatment of cervical dystonia, or sustained contractions or spasms of muscles in the shoulders or neck, in adults, and associated neck pain;


•	treatment of severe axillary hyperhidrosis, or underarm sweating, in adults that is inadequately managed by topical agents;


•	treatment of blepharospasm, or the uncontrollable contraction of the eyelid muscles, associated with dystonia in people 12 years of age or older; and


•	treatment of strabismus, or misalignment of the eyes, in people 12 years of age and over.

Botox^® is also available outside the United States for various indications. Botox^® is approved for the prophylactic treatment of adult chronic migraine in approximately 65 countries, including almost all countries in the European Economic Area as well as Australia, Brazil, Canada, India, Korea and Russia. Botox^® is approved for overactive bladder in approximately 25 countries. Botox^® is now approved for incontinence associated with a neurological condition in approximately 70 countries worldwide. Botox^® is now approved for lower limb spasticity in all of the major Western European markets and was recently launched in Germany and Scandinavia. Botox^® is also approved in many countries outside of the United States for treating hemifacial spasm, cervical dystonia, adult spasticity and spasticity associated with pediatric cerebral palsy.

We have licensed to GlaxoSmithKline our rights to develop and sell Botox^® in Japan for all current and future therapeutic indications. Botox^® was approved in Japan for equinus foot due to lower limb spasticity in juvenile cerebral palsy patients in 2009 and for the treatment of upper and lower limb spasticity in 2010. In 2012, Botox^® was approved in Japan for the treatment of primary severe axillary hyperhidrosis.

Botox^®Cosmetic

The FDA approved Botox^® Cosmetic in 2002 for the temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe glabellar lines in adult men and women age 65 or younger. Depending on the country of approval, this product is referred to as Botox^®, Botox^® Cosmetic, Vistabel^®, Vistabex^® or Botox Vista^®, and is administered in small injections to temporarily reduce the muscle activity that causes the formation of glabellar lines between the eyebrows that often develop during the aging process. Currently, over 100 countries have approved facial aesthetic indications for Botox^®, Botox^® Cosmetic, Vistabel^®, Vistabex^® or Botox Vista^®. Botox^® is approved for upper facial lines in Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and certain countries in East Asia and Latin America. In 2013, the FDA approved Botox^® for temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe “crow’s feet” facial lines in adults. Botox^® is the first and only product of its kind approved for this indication in the United States. Botox^® is also approved for crow’s feet facial lines in approximately 30 countries, including Australia, Canada, New Zealand and Singapore. In addition, we have obtained national licenses in almost all of the countries across the European region for Vistabel^® for treatment of crow’s feet facial lines.

Skin Care

Our skin care products focus on the acne, psoriasis, physician-dispensed skin care and eyelash growth markets, particularly in the United States and Canada.

Aczone^® (dapsone) gel 5% is approved for sale in both the United States and Canada and is indicated for the treatment of acne vulgaris in patients age 12 and older. We launched Aczone^® in the United States in 2008, and in 2012 Aczone^® became the most prescribed, branded topical acne treatment by dermatologists that is not a retinoid in the United States. In 2011, we outlicensed our Canadian rights to Aczone^® to Biovail Laboratories International SRL, a subsidiary of Valeant Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

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Tazorac^® (tazarotene) gel is approved for sale in the United States for the treatment of mild to moderate acne and stable plaque psoriasis, a chronic skin disease characterized by dry red patches. We also market a cream formulation of Tazorac^® in the United States for the topical treatment of acne and for the topical treatment of plaque psoriasis. In 2007, we entered into a strategic collaboration agreement with Stiefel Laboratories, Inc., which was acquired by GlaxoSmithKline in 2009, to develop and market foam based products involving tazarotene for dermatological use worldwide, commercialized under the Fabior^® brand in the United States. Since the Tazorac^® patent expired in mid-2011, no generics have been launched in the United States. We are aware that certain generic competitors may be conducting clinical trials for both acne and psoriasis and, if such trials result in an approved abbreviated new drug application, or ANDA, Tazorac^® will face generic competition in the future.

Latisse^® (bimatoprost ophthalmic solution) 0.03%, is the first, and currently the only, FDA-approved prescription treatment for insufficient or inadequate eyelashes, to grow eyelashes longer, fuller and darker. The FDA approved Latisse^® in 2008 and we launched Latisse^® in the United States in 2009. In 2014, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit held that certain patents related to Latisse^® are invalid and the Company expects to face generic competition for Latisse^® in 2015. Latisse^® is also approved for sale in Canada, Russia and certain markets in Latin America, Asia Pacific and the Middle East. In 2014, the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare approved the Manufacturing and Marketing Application for GlashVista^®(cutaneous solution) 0.03% for hypotrichosis of the eyelashes. GlashVista^® is the first and only eyelash hypotrichosis treatment in Japan. Also in 2014, GlashVista^® was launched in Japan in a co-promotional partnership with Shionogi & Co., Ltd., a Japanese pharmaceutical company.

Vaniqa^® (eflornithine HCl) 13.9%, is the first, and currently the only, FDA-approved topical prescription product indicated to slow the growth of unwanted facial hair in women. The FDA approved Vaniqa^® in 2000.

The SkinMedica^®family of products includes a variety of physician-dispensed, non-prescription aesthetic products, including Lytera Skin Brightening Complex^®, the TNS^® product line and the GlyPro line of skin care products. Lytera Skin Brightening Complex^® is a non-prescription, non-hydroquinone skin brightening product that minimizes the appearance of skin discoloration and dark spots. The TNS^® product line utilizes a patented biotechnology derived enriched nutrient solution that helps rejuvenate skin. In 2014, we discontinued the Vivité^® line of skin care products and replaced it with a new GlyPro product line. The GlyPro product line exfoliates and hydrates while defending skin against environmental damage and premature aging. In addition to these specialty products, the SkinMedica^®family of products also includes cleansers, toners, topical antioxidants, moisturizers, chemical peels, acne treatments, and sunscreens.

Medical Devices Segment

Breast Aesthetics

Our silicone gel and saline breast implants, consisting of a variety of shapes, sizes and textures, have been available to women for more than 40 years and are currently sold in more than 75 countries for breast augmentation, revision and reconstructive surgery. Our breast implants consist of a silicone elastomer shell filled with either a saline solution or silicone gel with varying degrees of cohesivity. This shell can consist of either a smooth or textured surface. We market our breast implants and tissue expanders under the trade names Natrelle^®, Inspira^®, BRST^™ and CUI^™ and the trademarks BioCell^®, MicroCell^™ and BioDimensional^®. We currently market over 1,000 breast implant product variations worldwide to meet our patients’ preferences and needs. The Natrelle^® 410 shaped silicone breast implants, which are designed to mimic the slope of the breast to deliver a subtle, non-augmented look, were approved by the FDA in 2013. The Natrelle^® 410 shaped silicone breast implants are also approved in Korea and were approved by the Japanese regulatory authority in 2013. We also sell a line of tissue expanders primarily for use in breast reconstruction.

Plastic Surgery

Our Seri^® Surgical Scaffold product is indicated for use as a transitory scaffold for soft tissue support and repair to reinforce deficiencies where weakness or voids exist that require the addition of material to obtain the desired surgical outcome. This includes reinforcement of soft tissue in plastic and reconstructive surgery, and general soft tissue reconstruction. Seri^®was launched in the United States in late 2013 and on a limited basis in certain selected international markets.

Facial Aesthetics

Our Juvéderm^® dermal filler family of products are designed to improve facial appearance by smoothing wrinkles and folds using our proprietary Hylacross^™ and Vycross^™ technology. This technology enables the delivery of a homogeneous gel-based hyaluronic acid. The FDA approved Juvéderm^® Ultra and Ultra Plus in 2006 for the correction of moderate to severe wrinkles and folds. In 2010, the FDA approved Juvéderm^® Ultra XC and Ultra Plus XC, each formulated with lidocaine, an anesthetic that alleviates pain during injections. In 2013, we received approval from the FDA for Juvéderm Voluma^™XC, the first and only filler approved for deep injection in the cheek area to temporarily correct age-related volume loss in adults over the age of 21.

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Outside the United States, we market various formulations of Juvéderm^®for wrinkle and fold augmentation, as well as Juvéderm Voluma^®to correct age-related volume loss in the mid-face. In 2011, we launched Juvéderm Voluma^®with lidocaine in Europe and Canada. In 2011, Juvéderm Volift^®and Juvéderm Volbella^® were granted a CE mark in Europe. In 2013, Juvéderm Volbella^® was approved in Mexico and Juvéderm Volift^®was approved in Mexico, the Philippines and Vietnam. In 2014, Juvéderm Volbella^® was approved in India and Thailand; Juvéderm Volift^® was approved in Canada, Turkey, Korea and Thailand; and Juvéderm Volbella^® was approved in Russia, Philippines, Vietnam and South Africa. In addition, in 2014, the first-generation, non-lidocaine version of Juvéderm^® was approved in Japan. The Juvéderm^® dermal filler family of products are currently approved or registered in approximately 90 countries, including all major world markets with the exception of China where we are pursuing approvals.

International Operations

Our international sales represented 36.6%, 38.0% and 39.1% of our total consolidated product net sales for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Our products are sold in over 100 countries. Marketing activities are coordinated on a worldwide basis, and resident management teams provide leadership and infrastructure for customer-focused, rapid introduction of new products in the local markets.

Sales and Marketing

We sell our products directly through our own sales subsidiaries in approximately 40 countries and, supplemented by independent distributors, in over 100 countries worldwide. We maintain a global strategic marketing team, as well as regional sales and marketing organizations, to support the promotion and sale of our products. We also engage contract sales organizations to promote certain products. Our sales efforts and promotional activities are primarily aimed at eye care professionals, neurologists, physiatrists, dermatologists, plastic and reconstructive surgeons, aesthetic specialty physicians, urologists, urogynecologists and general practitioners who use, prescribe and recommend our products.

We advertise in professional journals, participate in medical meetings and utilize direct mail and internet programs to provide descriptive product literature and scientific information to specialists in the ophthalmic, dermatological, medical aesthetics, neurology, movement disorder and urology fields. We have developed training modules and seminars to update physicians regarding evolving technology in our products. We also have utilized direct-to-consumer advertising for Botox^® for chronic migraine and for overactive bladder, Botox^® Cosmetic, Aczone^®, Juvéderm^®, Latisse^®, SkinMedica^®, Natrelle^®, Aczone^®and Restasis^®. We supplement our marketing efforts with exhibits at medical conventions, advertisements in trade journals, sales brochures and national media. In addition, we sponsor symposia and educational programs to familiarize physicians and surgeons with the leading techniques and methods for using our products.

Our products are sold to drug wholesalers, independent and chain drug stores, pharmacies, commercial optical chains, opticians, mass merchandisers, food stores, hospitals, group purchasing organizations, integrated direct hospital networks, ambulatory surgery centers, government purchasing agencies and medical practitioners. We also utilize distributors for our products in smaller international markets. We transferred back sales and marketing rights for our products from our distributors and established direct operations in Poland, Turkey and the Philippines in 2010, South Africa in 2011, Russia in 2012 and Vietnam and Indonesia in 2013.

As of December 31, 2014, we employed approximately 3,774 sales representatives throughout the world. U.S. sales, including manufacturing operations, represented 63.4%, 62.0% and 60.9% of our total consolidated product net sales in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Sales to McKesson Drug Company for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 were 14.2%, 15.0% and 14.6%, respectively, of our total consolidated product net sales. Sales to Cardinal Health, Inc. for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 were 10.7%, 13.0% and 14.7%, respectively, of our total consolidated product net sales. No other country, or single customer, generated over 10% of our total consolidated product net sales.

Research and Development

Our global research and development efforts currently focus on eye care, neurology, urology, skin care, and medical aesthetics. Our strategy includes developing innovative products to address unmet medical needs and conditions associated with aging, as well as chronic and debilitating diseases and conditions, and otherwise assisting patients in reaching life’s potential. Our top priorities include furthering our leadership in ophthalmology, medical aesthetics, medical dermatology and neuromodulators, identifying new potential compounds for sight-threatening diseases such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and other retinal disorders and developing novel therapies for chronic dry eye, pain and genitourinary diseases as well as next-generation breast implants and dermal fillers.

We have a fully integrated research and development organization with in-house discovery programs, including medicinal chemistry, high-throughput screening and biological sciences. We supplement our own research and development activities with

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our commitment to identify and obtain new technologies through in-licensing, research collaborations, joint ventures and acquisitions. As of December 31, 2014, we had approximately 1,700 employees involved in our research and development efforts. Our research and development expenditures for 2014, 2013 and 2012 were approximately $1,191.6 million, $1,042.3 million and $977.3 million, respectively.

Some of our research and development highlights are described below, including acquisitions of compounds and products in development and progress under collaborations with third parties.

Ophthalmology. Our research and development efforts for the ophthalmic pharmaceuticals business continue to focus on new therapeutic products for retinal disease, glaucoma and chronic dry eye. In 2011, we entered into a license agreement with Molecular Partners AG, pursuant to which we obtained exclusive global rights in the field of ophthalmology for AGN-150998, a Phase II proprietary therapeutic DARPin^® protein targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptors under investigation for the treatment of retinal diseases. In 2012, we significantly expanded our existing relationship with Molecular Partners AG by entering into two separate agreements to discover, develop, and commercialize proprietary therapeutic DARPin^® products for the treatment of serious ophthalmic diseases. The first agreement is an exclusive license agreement for the design, development and commercialization of AGN-151200, a potent dual anti-VEGF-A/PDGF-B DARPin^®, and its corresponding backups for the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration and related conditions. The second agreement is an exclusive discovery alliance agreement under which we will collaborate to design and develop DARPin^® products against selected targets that are implicated in causing serious diseases of the eye. In 2013, we completed an analysis of data from the randomized controlled Phase II trial for AGN-150998 comparing two doses of the anti-VEGF DARPin^® and Lucentis^® (ranibizumab), which suggested some product differentiation but did not support directly moving to Phase III. We completed enrollment in the third stage of our Phase II study to more completely assess safety and efficacy and to guide the potential Phase III study design. In 2014, we completed an analysis of data from Stage 3 of the Phase II study of abicipar pegol (anti-VEGF-DARPin^®) in neovascular age-related macular degeneration and, based on positive data and consultations with regulatory agencies, including the FDA, we decided to proceed to Phase III clinical trials.

In 2013, we submitted a Supplemental New Drug Application with the FDA seeking approval of Ozurdex^® (dexamethasone intravitreal implant) 0.7 mg to treat diabetic macular edema (DME). We also submitted a Type II variation to the Marketing Authorisation Application with the European Medicines Agency seeking approval of Ozurdex^®700 micrograms intravitreal implant in applicator to treat adult patients with diabetic macular edema. In the second quarter of 2014, we received FDA approval to treat adult patients with DME and, in the third quarter of 2014, we received EMA approval to treat adult patients with DME. In addition, in 2014, we initiated a Phase II clinical trial for a cyclosporine next generation product for the treatment of dry eye disease.

Neuromodulators. We continue to invest heavily in the research and development of neuromodulators, including Botox^® and Botox^® Cosmetic. We are focused on expanding the number of new indications and country licenses for the approved indications for Botox^®, including idiopathic overactive bladder, chronic migraine, adult movement disorders, juvenile cerebral palsy, osteoarthritis pain, premature ejaculation and depression, while also pursuing next-generation neuromodulator-based therapeutics, including a targeted neuromodulator for use in post-herpetic neuralgia. In addition, we are further enhancing biologic process development and manufacturing. In 2014, we initiated Phase II clinical programs for Botox^® for the treatment of premature ejaculation and depression. We are also conducting a phase II clinical trial of the targeted neuromodulator for the treatment of post-herpetic neuralgia. In 2011, the FDA and Health Canada approved our fully in vitro, cell-based assay for use in the stability and potency testing of Botox^® and Botox^®Cosmetic. In 2012, Allergan received positive opinions for this assay in Europe for Vistabel^®, Vistabex^® and Botox^®. In October 2013, we received a Positive Opinion from the Agence Nationale de Sécurité du Médicament et des Produits de Santé for use of Vistabel^®for temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe “crow’s feet lines” seen at maximum smile, either alone or when treated at the same time as glabellar, or frown, lines seen at maximum frown in adult patients.

In January 2014, we completed a license agreement with Medytox, Inc., or Medytox, under which we acquired the exclusive rights, worldwide outside of Korea with co-exclusive rights in Japan, to develop and, if approved, commercialize certain neurotoxin product candidates currently in development, including a potential liquid-injectable product. In the second quarter of 2014, after regulatory consultations with the FDA and EMA, we proceeded to phase III clinical development for the indication of temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe lateral canthal lines and glabellar lines using a liquid-injectable product.

Migraine. In March 2013, we acquired MAP Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or MAP, whereby MAP became our wholly owned subsidiary. We continue to pursue the commercialization of Semprana™, formerly referred to as Levadex^®, within the United States to neurologists for the acute treatment of migraine in adults, migraine in adolescents 12 to 18 years of age and other indications that may be approved. Semprana™is a self-administered, orally inhaled therapy consisting of a proprietary formulation of dihydroergotamine using MAP’s proprietary Tempo^® delivery system, which has completed Phase III clinical development for the treatment of acute migraine in adults. In April 2013, the FDA issued a Complete Response Letter, or CRL, to our New Drug Application, or NDA, for Semprana™. The main issues cited in the CRL were already identified by the FDA in prior discussions

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with Allergan, and Allergan had already taken actions to address these concerns, including the acquisition of Exemplar Pharma, LLC, the canister filling unit manufacturer. In 2013, we resubmitted the NDA, intended to address concerns identified in the NDA, to the FDA seeking approval of Semprana™. In June 2014, we received a second CRL from the FDA citing certain continued manufacturing deficiencies which require further stability testing. We plan to work to address these issues with the FDA and anticipate resubmitting the dossier to the FDA in the second quarter of 2015.

Urology. We continue to collaborate with Serenity Pharmaceuticals, LLC, or Serenity, on the development and commercialization of Ser-120, a desmopressin compound for the treatment of nocturia, a urological disorder in adults characterized by frequent urination at night time. Given positive Phase III data, we are currently funding a confirmatory Phase III trial, which we anticipate to complete in 2015. In 2014, we acquired the worldwide rights to TARIS Biomedical’s lead program, LiRIS®. LiRIS® is currently in Phase II trials for the treatment of interstitial cystitis / bladder pain syndrome (IC/BPS). LiRIS® incorporates proprietary technology designed to continuously deliver lidocaine over an extended period directly to the bladder of patients with IC/BPS to relieve the painful and often debilitating symptoms associated with this condition.

Medical Dermatology. We continue to develop a novel compound to treat erythema associated with rosacea that we acquired in connection with our 2011 acquisition of Vicept Therapeutics, Inc. and we are conducting two Phase III studies and an open label safety study intended to support registration in the United States. We are also developing Aczone^® X, a next generation topical formulation for the treatment of acne vulgaris. We have completed the Phase III trial program and anticipate submitting a supplemental NDA to the FDA in the second quarter of 2015.

Regarding bimatoprost for scalp hair growth, the results of the Phase II trial in male and female hair loss indicated that the formulation was well tolerated but did not provide sufficient efficacy to proceed directly to Phase III. We are now conducting an additional Phase II study using a substantially higher dose in men with androgenic alopecia, from which we expect results in 2015.

Medical Aesthetics. We continue to invest in the research and development of the Juvéderm^®line of facial dermal fillers. We are focused on expanding the current product offerings, adding new indications for existing products and obtaining regulatory approvals in additional markets around the world.

The continuing introduction of new products supplied by our research and development efforts, including our clinical development projects and in-licensing opportunities are critical to our success. There are intrinsic uncertainties associated with research and development efforts and the regulatory process. We cannot assure you that any of the research projects, clinical development projects, collaborations or pending drug marketing approval applications will result in new products that we can commercialize. Delays or failures in one or more significant research or clinical development projects and pending drug marketing approval applications could have a material adverse effect on our future operations. For a more complete discussion of the risks relating to research and development, see Item 1A of Part I of this report, including “Risk Factors - Our development efforts may not result in products or indications approved for commercial sale.”

Patents, Trademarks and Licenses

We own, or have licenses under, numerous U.S. and foreign patents relating to our products, product uses and manufacturing processes. Our success depends on our ability to obtain patents or rights to patents, protect trade secrets and other proprietary technologies and processes, operate without infringing upon the proprietary rights of others, and prevent others from infringing on our patents, trademarks, service marks and other intellectual property rights. Upon the expiration or loss of patent protection for a product, we can lose a significant portion of sales of that product in a very short period of time as other companies manufacture and sell generic forms of our previously protected product without having to incur significant development or marketing costs.

Patents. With the exception of the U.S. and European patents relating to Lumigan^® 0.01%, Alphagan^® P 0.15%, Alphagan^® P 0.1%, Combigan^®, Ganfort^™, Ozurdex^® and the U.S. patents relating to Restasis^®, and Azcone^® no one patent or license is materially important to our specialty pharmaceuticals segment. The U.S. patents covering Lumigan^® 0.01% expire in 2025 and 2027 and the European patents expire in 2017 and 2026. The U.S. patents covering the commercial formulations of Alphagan^® P 0.15%, and Alphagan^® P 0.1% expire in 2022. The U.S. patents covering Combigan^® expire in 2022. The European patents covering Ganfort^™ expire in 2017 and 2022. The U.S. patents covering Ozurdex^®expire between 2020 and 2024 and the European patents expire between 2023 and 2025. The U.S. patents covering Restasis^® expire in 2024. The U.S. patent covering Aczone^®expires in 2016. We acquired certain patents material to the SkinMedica^®business, including U.S. patents that cover the TNS^® product line, which expire in 2019, and the U.S. patent that covers the Lytera^® Skin Brightening Complex, which expires in 2032. The U.S. patents covering Latisse^® expire between 2021 and 2024 and the European patents covering Latisse^® expire in 2021. We also acquired certain U.S. patents covering Semprana^® that expire between 2024 and 2031.

We own, and have rights in, well over 100 issued U.S. and European use and process patents covering various Botox^®indications, including the treatment of chronic migraine, overactive bladder and hyperhydrosis, as well as our next-generation neuromodulator-based therapeutics currently in development.

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With the exception of certain U.S. and European patents relating to our Juvéderm^® XC^™ and Voluma^® XC dermal fillers, no one patent or license is materially important to our medical devices segment. The patents covering our Inspira^™ and Natrelle^® breast implant products expire in 2018 in the United States and 2017 in Europe. We have additional patents pending relating to our breast implant products and tissue expanders in development. We also have patents covering our Juvéderm^® Ultra XC and Juvéderm^® Ultra Plus XC that expire in 2030 in the United States and our Juvéderm Voluma^® XC dermal filler product that expire in 2021, 2026 and 2030 in the United States and in 2021 in Europe.

We also own or have rights to patents covering potential products in late-stage development pursuant to certain agreements with third parties described further below under “Licenses,” including the U.S. patents for Ser-120 that expire in 2023 and 2024. We have exclusive rights in the ophthalmology field to exploit AGN-150998 and other DARPin^® technology under issued patents which expire between 2021 and 2034 in the United States and in 2021 in Europe. Molecular Partners AG also owns patent applications in several countries covering AGN-150998 and other DARPin^® technology and has granted us an exclusive license to exploit that technology in the ophthalmology field. The patents resulting from those applications, if issued, would expire between 2029 and 2034. For a discussion of the risks relating to late-stage development, please see Item 1A of Part I of this report, including “Risk Factors - Our development efforts may not result in products or indications approved for commercial sale.”

The issuance of a patent is not conclusive as to its validity or as to the enforceable scope of the claims of the patent. It is impossible to anticipate the breadth or degree of protection that any such patents will afford. Third parties may challenge, invalidate or circumvent our patents and patent applications relating to our products, product candidates and technologies, which could result in significant harm to our business.

The individual patents associated with and expected to be associated with our products and late-stage development projects extend for varying periods of time depending on the date of filing of the patent application or the date of patent issuance and the legal term of patents in the countries in which they are obtained. The actual protection afforded by a patent varies on a product-by-product basis and country-to-country basis and depends upon many factors, including the type of patent, the scope of its coverage, the availability of regulatory-related extensions, the availability of legal remedies in a particular country and the validity and enforceability of the patents.

Trademarks. We market our products under various trademarks, for which we have both registered and unregistered trademark protection in the United States and certain countries outside the United States. We consider these trademarks to be valuable because of their contribution to the market identification of our products and we regularly prosecute third party infringers of our trademarks in an attempt to limit confusion in the marketplace. Any failure to adequately protect our rights in our various trademarks and service marks from infringement could result in a loss of their value to us. If the marks we use are found to infringe upon the trademark or service mark of another company, we could be forced to stop using those marks and, as a result, we could lose the value of those marks and could be liable for damages caused by infringing those marks. In addition to intellectual property protections afforded to trademarks, service marks, trade secrets and proprietary know-how by the various countries in which our proprietary products are sold, we seek to protect our trade secrets and proprietary know-how through confidentiality agreements with third parties, including our partners, customers, employees and consultants. These agreements may be breached or become unenforceable, and we may not have adequate remedies for any such breach. It is also possible that our trade secrets will become known or independently developed by our competitors, resulting in increased competition for our products.

Licenses. We license certain intellectual property from third parties and are involved in various collaborative ventures to develop and commercialize products. Certain of these arrangements include, but are not limited to, the following:


•	a license agreement with Medytox pursuant to which we obtained exclusive rights, worldwide outside of Korea with co-exclusive rights in Japan, to develop and, if approved, commercialize certain neurotoxin product candidates currently in development, including a potential liquid-injectable product;


•	a license agreement with Molecular Partners AG pursuant to which we obtained exclusive global rights in the field of ophthalmology for AGN-150998, a Phase II proprietary therapeutic DARPin^® protein targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptors under investigation for the treatment of retinal diseases;


•	an exclusive license agreement with Molecular Partners AG to design, develop and commercialize a potent dual anti-VEGF-A/PDGF-B DARPin^® (AGN-151200) and its corresponding backups for the treatment of exudative age-related macular degeneration, or AMD, and related conditions;


•	an exclusive discovery alliance agreement with Molecular Partners AG to design and develop DARPin^® products against selected targets that are implicated in causing serious diseases of the eye;


•	an exclusive license agreement with Serenity to develop and commercialize Ser-120, a nasally administered low dosage formulation of desmopressin currently in Phase III clinical trials for the treatment of nocturia; and

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•	a license from Merck & Co., formerly Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc., pursuant to which we pay royalties based on our net sales of Restasis^® and any other human ophthalmic formulations of cyclosporine owned or controlled by us.

We also license certain of our intellectual property rights to third parties. Certain of these arrangements include but are not limited to the following:


•	a royalty-bearing license to GlaxoSmithKline for clinical development and commercial rights to Botox^® for therapeutic indications in Japan;


•	an exclusive licensing agreement with Senju pursuant to which Senju is responsible for the development and commercialization of Lumigan^® in Japan;


•	an exclusive licensing agreement with Kyorin, which Kyorin subsequently sublicensed to Senju, pursuant to which Senju is responsible for the development and commercialization of our Alphagan^® P products, including Aiphagan^®, in Japan;


•	a royalty-bearing license to Merz Pharmaceuticals, or Merz, pursuant to which Merz pays royalties with regard to Xeomin^® in certain European countries where we have issued or pending patents;


•	a royalty-bearing license to Alcon for brimonidine 0.15% in the United States;


•	and a royalty-bearing license to US WorldMeds with regard to MyoBloc®/Neurobloc®.

From time to time, we may need to obtain licenses to patents and other proprietary rights held by third parties to develop, manufacture and market our products. If we are unable to timely obtain these licenses on commercially reasonable terms, our ability to commercially exploit such products may be inhibited or prevented. In addition to the information provided above, please see Item 3 of Part I of this report, “Legal Proceedings,” for information concerning current litigation regarding our products and intellectual property.

Manufacturing

We manufacture the majority of our commercialized products in our own plants located at the following locations: Westport, Ireland; Waco, Texas; San José, Costa Rica; Pringy, France; and Guarulhos, Brazil. We produce clinical and commercial supplies of biodegradable silk-based scaffolds at a leased facility in Medford, Massachusetts and human fibroblast material in an owned facility in Houston, Texas. We also conduct operations related to the filling of aerosol canisters in a leased facility in Fall River, Massachusetts. We maintain sufficient manufacturing capacity at these facilities to support forecasted demand as well as a modest safety margin of additional capacity to meet peaks of demand and sales growth in excess of expectations. We increase our capacity as required in anticipation of future sales increases. In the event of a very large or very rapid unforeseen increase in market demand for a specific product or technology, supply of that product or technology could be negatively impacted until additional capacity is brought on line. Third parties manufacture a small number of commercialized products for us.

We are a vertically integrated producer of plastic parts and produce our own bottles, tips and caps for use in the manufacture of our ophthalmic solutions. Additionally, we ferment, purify and characterize the botulinum toxin used in our product Botox^® and produce human fibroblast raw material for products associated with the 2012 acquisition of SkinMedica. We purchase all other active pharmaceutical ingredients, or API, from third parties as well as other significant raw materials and parts for medical devices from qualified domestic and international sources. Where practical, we maintain more than one supplier for each API and other materials, and we have an ongoing alternate program that identifies additional sources of key raw materials. However, in some cases, we are a niche purchaser and may only have a single source of supply. These sources are identified in filings with regulatory agencies, including the FDA, and cannot be changed without prior regulatory approval. In these cases, we maintain inventories of the raw material itself to mitigate the risk of interrupted supply. A lengthy interruption of the supply of one of these materials and parts for medical devices could adversely affect our ability to manufacture and supply commercial products. In addition, a small number of the raw materials required to manufacture certain of our products are derived from biological sources which could be subject to contamination and recall by their suppliers. We use multiple lots of these raw materials at any one time in order to mitigate such risks. However, a shortage, contamination or recall of these products could disrupt our ability to maintain an uninterrupted commercial supply of our finished goods.

Manufacturing facilities producing pharmaceutical and medical device products intended for distribution in the United States and internationally are subject to regulation and periodic review by the FDA, international regulatory authorities and European notified bodies for certain of our medical devices. All of our manufacturing facilities are currently approved by the FDA, the relevant notified bodies or other foreign regulatory authorities to manufacture pharmaceuticals and medical devices for distribution in the United States and international markets. For a discussion of the risks relating to manufacturing and the use of third party manufacturers, see Item 1A of Part I of this report, including “Risk Factors - Disruptions in our supply chain or failure to adequately forecast product demand could result in significant delays or lost sales.”

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Competition

The pharmaceutical and medical device industries are highly competitive and require an ongoing, extensive search for technological innovation. They also require, among other things, the ability to effectively discover, develop, test and obtain regulatory approvals for products, as well as the ability to effectively commercialize, market and promote approved products, including communicating the effectiveness, safety and value of products to actual and prospective customers and medical professionals. Numerous companies are engaged in the development, manufacture and marketing of health care products competitive with those that we develop, manufacture and market. Many of our competitors have greater resources than we have. This enables them, among other things, to make greater research and development investments and spread their research and development costs, as well as their marketing and promotion costs, over a broader revenue base. Our competitors may also have more experience and expertise in obtaining marketing approvals from the FDA and other regulatory authorities. In addition to product development, testing, approval and promotion, other competitive factors in the pharmaceutical and medical device industries include industry consolidation, product quality and price, product technology, reputation, customer service and access to technical information. We believe that our products principally compete on the basis of quality, clinical data, product design, an experienced sales force, physicians’ and surgeons’ familiarity with our products and brand names, effective marketing campaigns, including direct-to-consumer advertising, customer relationship marketing databases, regional warranty programs and our ability to identify and develop or license patented products embodying new technologies.

Specialty Pharmaceuticals Segment

Eye Care Products

Our eye care pharmaceutical products face extensive competition from Akorn, Inc., Alcon Laboratories, Inc./Novartis AG, Abbott Laboratories, Alimera Sciences, Inc., Bausch & Lomb, Inc., a division of Valeant, Genentech/Hoffmann La Roche AG, Merck & Co., Pfizer Inc., Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Santen Seiyaku. For our eye care products to be successful, we must be able to manufacture and effectively detail them to a sufficient number of eye care professionals such that they use or continue to use our current products and the new products we may introduce. Glaucoma must be treated over an extended period and doctors may be reluctant to switch a patient to a new treatment if the patient’s current treatment for glaucoma is effective and well tolerated.

We also face intense competition from generic drug manufacturers in the United States and internationally. The first generic of Alphagan^®was approved by the FDA in 2003 and Alphagan^® P 0.15% also faces generic competition in the United States. A generic form of Elestat^® was first approved by the FDA in 2011 and Elestat^®now faces generic competition in the United States. A generic form of Zymar^® produced by Apotex Inc. was approved by the FDA in 2011, but a generic product has not been launched in the United States. A generic form of Zymaxid^®was introduced in the United States in 2013. In some cases, we also compete with generic versions of our competitors’ products. For instance, Lumigan^® now competes indirectly with generic versions of Pfizer’s Xalatan^® ophthalmic solution. In the future, Restasis^® could also face generic competition. In 2013, the FDA published draft guidance that proposes certain approaches for demonstrating bioequivalence in abbreviated new drug applications referring to the new drug application related to Restasis^®. In response to the draft guidance, we submitted a Citizen Petition to the FDA, which the FDA granted in-part and denied in-part in November 2014. In January 2014, we received a paragraph 4 Hatch-Waxman Act certification stating that Watson Laboratories, Inc., a division of Actavis plc, had submitted an ANDA to the FDA seeking approval to market a generic version of our Restasis^® product. In December 2014, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, in relevant part, dismissed a related legal proceeding without prejudice, ruling that there was no case or controversy to support a patent infringement claim because the Watson ANDA had not been received by the FDA. Also in December 2014, we submitted a revised Citizen Petition to the FDA. There remains uncertainty as to the status of any ANDA filers with respect to Restasis^®. Since the FDA’s draft guidance was published in 2013, we have obtained four additional U.S. patents covering the specific formulation and the method of using our Restasis^® product.

In recent years we have received paragraph 4 Hatch-Waxman Act certifications from various generic drug manufacturers, including but not limited to Excela PharmaSci, Inc., Apotex Inc., Barr Laboratories, Inc., Sandoz, Inc., Alcon Research, Ltd., Watson Laboratories, Inc., a division of Actavis plc, Lupin Limited and High-Tech Pharmacal Co., Inc., seeking FDA approval of generic forms of certain of our eye care products, including Alphagan^®P 0.15%, Alphagan^® P 0.1%, Combigan^®, Lumigan^® 0.1%, Restasis^®, Zymar^® and Zymaxid^®. We expect to continue to receive paragraph 4 Hatch-Waxman Act certifications from these and other companies challenging the validity of our patents.

Neuromodulators

Botox^® was the only neuromodulator approved by the FDA until 2000, when the FDA approved Myobloc^® (rimabotulinumtoxinB), a neuromodulator currently marketed by US WorldMeds. In 2009, the FDA approved Dysport^® (abobotulinumtoxinA) for the treatment of cervical dystonia and glabellar lines, which is marketed by Ipsen Ltd., or Ipsen, for therapeutic indications, and in 2014, Galderma Laboratories, L.P., or Galderma, acquired rights to commercialize and distribute

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Dysport^® in the U.S. and Canada from Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, Inc. Since the approval of Dysport^®, the FDA has required that all botulinum toxins marketed in the United States include a boxed warning regarding the symptoms associated with the spread of botulinum toxin beyond the injection site along with a medication guide which addresses the lack of interchangeability of botulinum toxin products. In 2006, Ipsen received marketing authorization for a cosmetic indication for Dysport^® in Germany. In 2007, Ipsen granted Galderma an exclusive development and marketing license for Dysport^®for cosmetic indications in the European Union, Russia, Eastern Europe and the Middle East, and first rights of negotiation for other countries around the world, except the United States, Canada and Japan. In 2009, the health authorities of 15 European Union countries approved Dysport^®for glabellar lines under the trade name Azzalure^®. In 2011, Ipsen and Syntaxin engaged in a research collaboration agreement to develop native and engineered formats of botulinum neurotoxin. In 2012, Ipsen broadened its existing relationship with Galderma related to Dysport^® by renewing the sole distribution partnership in Brazil and Argentina, forming a new partnership in Australia and entering into a co-promotion agreement in South Korea. In 2013, Ipsen announced that Health Canada has granted a marketing authorization for Dysport^®for the temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe glabellar lines in adult patients younger than 65 years of age. In 2014 a similar indication was approved in Australia and New Zealand. In 2013, Ipsen acquired Syntaxin and announced an intention to develop and market a Dysport^®Next Generation product indicated for glabellar lines and cervical dystonia. In 2013, Galderma also announced an intention to develop an advanced formulation of botulinum toxin for use as a proprietary muscle relaxant in territories where Galderma does not have access to Azzalure^®or Dysport^®, such as North America. In July 2014, Ipsen and Galderma announced that they had expanded the scope of their neurotoxin partnership related to the distribution of Dysport^® and Azzalure^® for aesthetic and dermatology indications in several key markets, including the United States, Canada, Brazil and Europe. This was subsequent to Galderma acquiring the rights for the United States and Canada from Valeant.

In addition, Merz’s botulinum toxin product Xeomin^® is currently approved for therapeutic indications in most countries in the European Union as well as Canada, Australia, New Zealand and certain countries in Latin America and Asia. Xeomin^® was approved by the FDA in 2010 for cervical dystonia and blepharospasm in adults previously treated with Botox^®. In 2009, Merz received approval of Bocouture^® (rebranded from Xeomin^®) for glabellar lines in Germany. In 2010, Bocouture^® was approved in significant markets within the European Union. Xeomin^® is also approved for glabellar lines in Argentina and Mexico. In 2011, Xeomin^® was approved for glabellar lines in the United States and Korea. In 2012, the U.S. District Court, after conducting a full trial, ruled that Merz Pharmaceuticals and Merz Aesthetics violated California’s Uniform Trade Secrets Act and issued an injunction against them for misappropriating our trade secrets. The injunction prohibited Merz from, among other things, selling or soliciting purchases of Xeomin^® in the facial aesthetics market until January 9, 2013. The injunction, as subsequently amended, also prohibited Merz from selling or soliciting purchases, to certain customers, of its dermal fillers or Xeomin^® in the therapeutic market until November 1, 2012. After the expiration of the applicable injunctive orders, Merz began selling and soliciting purchases of dermal fillers and Xeomin^® in the facial aesthetics and therapeutics markets, as applicable. In 2012, Merz announced a partnership with Pierre Fabre related to the marketing of Glytone^® whereby Merz acquired certain hyaluronic acid injectables used to reduce wrinkles.

Mentor Worldwide LLC, a division of Johnson & Johnson, or Mentor, had been conducting clinical trials for a competing neuromodulator, commonly known as PurTox, for glabellar lines in the United States. In April 2014, Mentor announced its plans to discontinue the development of its neurotoxin program.

Revance Therapeutics, Inc., or Revance, is currently in a Phase III clinical development program for a topically applied botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) for the treatment of crow’s feet lines in the United States. Revance has also indicated that they plan to initiate an additional Phase III clinical trial for this indication in Europe by early 2015. In addition, Revance recently initiated a phase II clinical trial of an injectable BoNTA for the reduction of glabellar lines.

Anterios, Inc., or Anterios, is currently in a Phase II clinical development program for a topically applied BoNTA for the treatment of crow’s feet lines, primary axillary hyperhidrosis, and acne in the United States. Anterios is also in the early stage development of an injectable BoNTA for the reduction of glabellar lines.

In addition, we are aware of additional competing neuromodulators currently being developed and commercialized in Asia, South America and other markets. A Korean botulinum toxin, Meditoxin^®, was approved for sale in Korea in 2006. The company, Medytox Inc., received exportation approval from Korean authorities in early 2005 to ship their product under the trade name Neuronox^®. Neuronox^® is marketed in Hong Kong, India, Thailand and other Asian markets. Meditoxin^® is approved in several South American and African countries under various trade names. In 2013, Medytox received Korean regulatory approval for their liquid product Innotox^® for the treatment of glabellar lines and, in 2014, Innotox^® was launched in Korea. In 2013, Daewoong Pharmaceutical Co., or Daewoong, received Korean regulatory approval for their Nabota^™botulinum toxin A product. Daewoong also entered into a license agreement with Evolus, Inc. to develop and market its botulinum toxin A product in the United States and Europe. Subsequent to its acquisition of Evolus, Alphaeon announced in January 2015 its intention to initiate a Phase III study in the United States for glabellar lines. Another Korean company, Hugel Inc., markets Botulax for aesthetic use in Korea. A Chinese entity, Lanzhou Biological Institute, received approval to market a botulinum toxin in China in 1997 under the trade name HengLi,

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and has launched its botulinum toxin product in other lightly regulated markets in Asia, South America and Central America under several trade names. These lightly regulated markets may not require adherence to the FDA’s current Good Manufacturing Practice regulations, or cGMPs, or the regulatory requirements of the European Medicines Agency or other regulatory agencies in countries that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. While these products are unlikely to meet stringent U.S. regulatory standards without significant investment to become cGMP compliant, the companies operating in these markets may be able to produce products at a lower cost than we can.

Botox^® for the treatment of OAB competes with several other OAB treatment products, many of which have been on the market for a longer period of time, including Pfizer Inc.’s Detrol^®, Detrol^® LA and Toviaz^®, Actavis Inc.’s Oxytrol^®, Gelnique^® and Enablex^®, and Astellas Pharma US, Inc.’s Vesicare^® and Myrbetriq^® products and certain generic OAB products. We also face competition from generic urologic drug manufacturers in the United States and internationally. In addition, Botox^® faces competition in the OAB market from Uroplasty, Inc.’s Urgent^® PC neuromodulation system and Medtronic, Inc.’s InterStim^®devices.

Skin Care and Other Products

Our skin care products, including Aczone^®, Tazorac^®, Latisse^® and the family of SkinMedica^® products, focus on the acne, psoriasis, physician-dispensed skin care and eyelash growth markets, particularly in the United States and Canada, and compete with many other skin care products from companies, including Galderma, a division of Nestle Skin Health, Stiefel Laboratories, Inc., a division of GlaxoSmithKline, Novartis AG, Obagi Medical Products, Inc., a division of Valeant, L’Oréal Group and Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, many of which have greater resources than us. We also compete with mass retail products that are designed to treat skin care issues similar to those for which our products are indicated. For example, Aczone^® faces competition from several generic and over-the-counter products, which provide lower-priced options for the treatment of acne.

Medical Devices Segment

Breast Aesthetics

We compete in the U.S. breast implant market with Mentor and Sientra, Inc., or Sientra, a partner of Silimed. The conditions under which Mentor and Sientra are allowed to market silicone breast implants and tissue expanders in the United States are similar to ours, including indications for use and the requirement to conduct post-marketing studies. If patients or physicians prefer Mentor’s or Sientra’s breast products to ours or perceive that Mentor’s or Sientra’s breast products are safer than ours, our sales of breast products could materially suffer. Internationally, we compete with several manufacturers, including Mentor, Silimed, Eurosilicone, Motiva, Nagor, Polytech and several Chinese implant manufacturers.

Plastic Surgery

Our Seri^® Surgical Scaffold product competes with LifeCell Corporation, CR Bard Inc., Ethicon, a division of Johnson & Johnson, and TEI Biosciences in the market for soft tissue reinforcement in plastic and reconstructive surgery, and general soft tissue reconstruction.

Facial Aesthetics

Our facial fillers compete in the dermatology and plastic surgery markets with other hyaluronic acid fillers, as well as polymer/bioceramic-based injectables. Our fillers compete indirectly with substantially different procedures, such as laser treatments, face lifts, chemical peels, fat injections and botulinum toxin-based products. In addition, several companies are engaged in research and development activities examining the use of collagen, hyaluronic acids and other biomaterials for the correction of soft tissue defects. In the United States, our dermal filler products, including Juvéderm Voluma^® XC, Juvéderm^® Ultra and Ultra Plus, compete with Galderma’s’s products Restylane^® and Perlane^®, which were approved by the FDA in 2004 and in 2007, respectively as well as Sculptra^®. In 2010, the FDA approved our Juvéderm^® Ultra XC and Ultra Plus XC products containing lidocaine as well as new formulations of Restylane^® and Perlane^® also containing lidocaine and Restylane^® without lidocaine for lips. In 2013, the FDA approved our Juvéderm Voluma^® XC product. In June 2014, the FDA approved Valeant’s Restylane^® Silk Injectable Gel with 0.3% Lidocaine, a device for submucosal implantation for lip augmentation and dermal implantation for correction of perioral lines in patients over the age of 21. This was subsequently acquired by Galderma and launched in January 2015.

Additional competitors in the filler category include Radiesse^®, a calcium hydroxylapatite from Merz, which received FDA approval in 2006, Sculptra^®from Galderma, and Belotero Balance^® from Merz, which received FDA approval in 2011. Internationally, we compete with Galderma’s range of Restylane^® and Perlane^® products, as well as other products from Anteis, Filoraga, Teoxane, and a large number of other hyaluronic acid, bioceramic, protein and other polymer-based dermal fillers.

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Government Regulation

Specialty Pharmaceuticals Segment

Drugs and biologics are subject to regulation by the FDA, state agencies and foreign health agencies. Pharmaceutical products and biologics are subject to extensive pre- and post-market regulation by the FDA, including regulations that govern the testing, manufacturing, safety, efficacy, labeling, storage, record keeping, advertising and promotion of the products under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, or FFDCA, and its implementing regulations with respect to drugs and the Public Health Service Act and its implementing regulations with respect to biologics, and by comparable agencies in foreign countries. Failure to comply with applicable FDA or other requirements may result in civil or criminal penalties, recall or seizure of products, partial or total suspension of production or withdrawal of a product from the market.

The process required by the FDA before a new drug or biologic may be marketed in the United States is long, expensive and inherently uncertain. We must complete preclinical laboratory and animal testing, submit an Investigational New Drug Application, which must become effective before United States clinical trials may begin, and perform adequate and well controlled human clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of the proposed drug or biologic for its intended use. Clinical trials are typically conducted in three sequential phases, which may overlap, and must satisfy extensive Good Clinical Practice regulations and informed consent regulations. Further, an independent institutional review board, or IRB, for each medical center or medical practice proposing to conduct the clinical trial must review and approve the plan for any clinical trial before it commences at that center or practice and must monitor the study until completed. The FDA, the IRB or the study sponsor may suspend a clinical trial at any time on various grounds, including a finding that the subjects or patients are being exposed to an unacceptable health risk. In addition, the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007, or FDAAA, imposes certain clinical trial registry obligations on study sponsors, including the posting of detailed trial design and trial results in the FDA public databases.

We must submit a New Drug Application, or NDA, for a new drug and a Biologics License Application, or BLA, for a new biologic to the FDA, and the NDA or BLA must be reviewed and approved by the FDA before the drug or biologic may be legally marketed in the United States. To satisfy the criteria for approval, a NDA or BLA must demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the product based on results of preclinical studies and the three phases of clinical trials. Both NDAs and BLAs must also contain extensive manufacturing information, and the applicant must pass an FDA pre-approval inspection of the manufacturing facilities at which the drug or biologic is produced to assess compliance with the FDA’s cGMPs prior to commercialization. Satisfaction of FDA pre-market approval requirements typically takes several years and the actual time required may vary substantially based on the type, complexity and novelty of the product, and we cannot be certain that any approvals for our products will be granted on a timely basis, or at all.

Once approved, the FDA may require post-marketing clinical studies, known as Phase IV studies, and surveillance programs to monitor the effect of approved products. The FDA may limit further marketing of the product based on the results of these post-market studies and programs. Further, any modifications to the drug or biologic, including changes in indications, labeling or manufacturing processes or facilities, may require the submission and approval of a new or supplemental NDA or BLA before the modification is implemented, which may require that we develop additional data or conduct additional preclinical studies and clinical trials.

The manufacture and distribution of drugs and biologics are subject to continuing regulation by the FDA, including recordkeeping requirements, reporting of adverse experiences associated with the product, and cGMPs, which regulate all aspects of the manufacturing process and impose certain procedural and documentation requirements. Drug and biologic manufacturers and their subcontractors are required to register their establishments, and are subject to periodic unannounced inspections by the FDA and certain state agencies for compliance with regulatory requirements. Further, the FDAAA, which went into law in 2007, provided the FDA with additional authority over post-marketing safety. The FDAAA permits the FDA to require sponsors to conduct post-approval clinical studies, to mandate labeling changes based on new safety information and to require sponsors to implement a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies, or REMS, program to carry out specified post-market safety measures. The FDA may require a sponsor to submit a REMS program before a product is approved, or after approval based on new safety information. A REMS program may include a medication guide, a patient package insert, a plan for communicating risks to health care providers or other elements that the FDA deems necessary to assure the safe use of the drug. If the manufacturer or distributor fails to comply with the statutory and regulatory requirements, or if safety concerns arise, the FDA may take legal or regulatory action, including civil or criminal penalties, suspension, withdrawal or delay in the issuance of approvals, or seizure or recall of products, any one or more of which could have a material adverse effect upon us.

The FDA imposes a number of complex regulatory requirements on entities that advertise and promote pharmaceuticals and biologics, including, but not limited to, standards and regulations for direct-to-consumer advertising, off-label promotion, industry-sponsored scientific and educational activities, and promotional activities including internet marketing. The Food and Drug Administration Safety and Innovation Act of 2012, or FDASIA, requires the FDA to issue new guidance on permissible

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forms of internet and social medial promotion of regulated medical products, and the FDA issued two draft guidance documents regarding information posted on internet and social media platforms in June 2014. The FDA may specify additional restrictions on this type of promotion at any time. Drugs and biologics can only be marketed for approved indications and in accordance with the labeling approved by the FDA. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in penalties, including the issuance of warning letters directing a company to correct deviations from FDA standards, a requirement that future advertising and promotional materials be pre-cleared by the FDA, and federal and state civil and criminal investigations and prosecutions. The FDA does not, however, regulate the behavior of physicians in their practice of medicine and choice of treatment. Physicians may prescribe (although manufacturers are not permitted to promote) legally available drugs and biologics for uses that are not described in the product’s labeling and that differ from those tested by us and approved by the FDA. Such off-label uses are common across medical specialties.

We are also subject to various laws and regulations regarding laboratory practices, the housing, care and experimental use of animals, and the use and disposal of hazardous or potentially hazardous substances in connection with our research. In each of these areas, as above, the FDA and the U.S. Department of Justice have broad regulatory and enforcement powers, including the ability to levy fines and civil penalties, suspend or delay our operations, seize or recall products, and withdraw approvals, any one or more of which could have a material adverse effect upon us.

Internationally, the regulation of drugs is also complex. In Europe, our products are subject to extensive regulatory requirements. As in the United States, the marketing of medicinal products has for many years been subject to the granting of marketing authorizations by the European Medicines Agency and national Ministries of Health. Particular emphasis is also being placed on more sophisticated and faster procedures for reporting adverse events to the competent authorities. The European Union procedures for the authorization of medicinal products are intended to improve the efficiency of operation of both the mutual recognition and centralized procedures to license medicines. Similar rules and regulations exist in all countries around the world. Additionally, new rules have been introduced or are under discussion in several areas, including the harmonization of clinical research laws and the laws relating to orphan drugs and orphan indications. For example, in 2012, the European Commission adopted a proposal intended to replace the current European Union Clinical Trials Directive which includes reforms for streamlining clinical trial oversight among the European Member States. Outside the United States, reimbursement pricing is typically regulated by government agencies.

The total cost of providing health care services has been and will continue to be subject to review by governmental agencies and legislative bodies in the major world markets, including the United States, which are faced with significant pressure to lower health care costs. Legislation passed in recent years has imposed certain changes to the way in which pharmaceuticals, including our products, are covered and reimbursed in the United States. For instance, federal legislation and regulations have created a voluntary prescription drug benefit, Medicare Part D, and have imposed significant revisions to the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program. The recently enacted Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, collectively, the PPACA, imposes additional changes to these programs. The cost of the pharmaceutical excise tax, which is not deductible for Federal Tax purposes and the cost of the so-called “donut hole,” before patients are covered by catastrophic insurance, are particularly costly. There also is political pressure to allow the importation of pharmaceutical and medical device products from outside the United States. Reimbursement restrictions or other price reductions or controls or imports of pharmaceutical or medical device products from outside of the United States could materially and adversely affect our revenues and financial condition. Reference pricing is used in several markets around the world to reduce prices. Furthermore, parallel trade within the European Union, whereby products flow from relatively low-priced to high-priced markets, has been increasing. Spain removed government reimbursement for artificial tears products in September 2012.

We cannot predict the likelihood or pace of any significant future regulatory or legislative action in the specialty pharmaceuticals segment, nor can we predict whether or in what form health care legislation being formulated by various governments in this area will be passed. Initiatives could subject coverage and reimbursement rates to change at any time. We cannot predict with precision what effect such governmental measures would have if they were ultimately enacted into law. However, in general, we believe that such legislative activity will likely continue.

Medical Devices Segment

Medical devices are subject to regulation by the FDA, state agencies and foreign government health agencies. FDA regulations, as well as various U.S. federal and state laws, govern the development, clinical testing, manufacturing, labeling, record keeping and marketing of medical device products. Our medical device product candidates, including our breast implants, must undergo rigorous clinical testing and an extensive government regulatory clearance or approval process prior to sale in the United States and other countries. The lengthy process of clinical development and submissions for approvals, and the continuing need for compliance with applicable laws and regulations, require the expenditure of substantial resources. Regulatory clearance or approval, when and if obtained, may be limited in scope, and may significantly limit the indicated uses for which a product may

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be marketed. Approved products and their manufacturers are subject to ongoing review, and discovery of previously unknown problems with products may result in restrictions on their manufacture, sale, use or their withdrawal from the market.

Our medical device products are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA in the United States. Unless an exemption applies, each medical device we market in the United States must have a 510(k) clearance or a Premarket Approval Application, or PMA, in accordance with the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, or FFDCA, and its implementing regulations. The FDA classifies medical devices into one of three classes, depending on the degree of risk associated with each medical device and the extent of controls that are needed to ensure safety and effectiveness. Devices deemed to pose a lower risk are placed in either Class I or Class II, which may require the manufacturer to submit to the FDA a premarket notification under Section 510(k) of the FFDCA requesting permission for commercial distribution. Devices deemed by the FDA to pose the greatest risk, such as life-sustaining, life-supporting or implantable devices, or a device deemed to be not substantially equivalent to a previously cleared 510(k) device, are placed in Class III. In general, a Class III device cannot be marketed in the United States unless the FDA approves the device after submission of a PMA application, and any changes to the device must be reviewed and approved by the FDA. The majority of our medical device products, including our breast implants, are regulated as Class III medical devices. Under new changes instituted by FDASIA, the FDA may now change the classification of a medical device by administrative order instead of by regulation. Although the revised process is simpler, the FDA must still publish a proposed order in the Federal Register, hold a device classification panel meeting, and consider comments from affected stakeholders before issuing the reclassification order.

When we are required to obtain a 510(k) clearance for a device we wish to market, we must submit a premarket notification to the FDA demonstrating that the device is “substantially equivalent” to a previously cleared 510(k) device or a device that was in commercial distribution before May 28, 1976 for which the FDA had not yet called for the submission of PMA applications. By regulation, the FDA is required to respond to a 510(k) premarket notification within 90 days after submission of the notification, although clearance can take significantly longer. If a device receives 510(k) clearance, any modification that could significantly affect its safety or efficacy, or that would constitute a major change in its intended use, design or manufacture requires a new 510(k) clearance or PMA approval. The FDA requires each manufacturer to make this determination initially, but the FDA can review any such decision and can disagree with a manufacturer’s determination. If the FDA disagrees with a manufacturer’s determination that a new clearance or approval is not required for a particular modification, the FDA can require the manufacturer to cease marketing and/or recall the modified device until 510(k) clearance or premarket approval is obtained.

In response to industry and healthcare provider concerns regarding the predictability, consistency and rigor of the 510(k) regulatory pathway, the FDA initiated an evaluation of the program, and in January 2011, announced several proposed actions intended to reform the review process governing the clearance of medical devices. These actions include new guidance to industry on when clinical data should be included in a premarket submission, pre-submission interactions with the FDA, the process for appeals of device approval decisions, and the “de novo” classification process for novel low-risk devices. The FDA intends these reform actions to improve the efficiency and transparency of the clearance process, as well as bolster patient safety. In addition, as part of FDASIA, Congress reauthorized the Medical Device User Fee Amendments with various FDA performance goal commitments and enacted several “Medical Device Regulatory Improvements” and miscellaneous reforms which are further intended to clarify and improve medical device regulation both pre- and post-approval. We cannot predict the impact that these regulatory actions and the FDA’s new guidance will have on the clearance of any new or modified medical device products that are currently pending FDA review or that we may develop in the future.

A PMA application must be submitted if the device is not exempt or cannot be cleared through the 510(k) process. The PMA process is much more demanding than the 510(k) clearance process. A PMA application must be supported by extensive information, including data from preclinical and clinical trials, sufficient to demonstrate to the FDA’s satisfaction that the device is safe and effective for its intended use. The FDA, by statute and regulation, has 180 days to review and accept a PMA application, although the review generally occurs over a significantly longer period of time, and can take up to several years. The FDA may also convene an advisory panel of experts outside the FDA to review and evaluate the PMA application and provide recommendations to the FDA as to the approvability of the device. New PMA applications or supplemental PMA applications are required for significant modifications to the manufacturing process, labeling and design of a medical device that is approved through the PMA process. PMA supplements require information to support the changes and may include clinical data.

A clinical trial is almost always required to support a PMA application and is sometimes required for a 510(k) premarket notification. Clinical trials generally require submission of an application for an investigational device exemption, which must be supported by appropriate data, such as animal and laboratory testing results, showing that it is safe to test the device in humans and that the testing protocol is scientifically sound, as well as approval by the FDA and the IRB overseeing the trial. In addition, the FDAAA imposes certain clinical trial registry obligations on study sponsors. We, the FDA or the IRB at each site at which a clinical trial is being performed may suspend a clinical trial at any time for various reasons, including a belief that the study subjects are being exposed to an unacceptable health risk. The results of clinical testing may not be sufficient to obtain approval of the product.

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In approving a PMA application or clearing a 510(k) premarket notification, the FDA may also require some form of post-market surveillance when necessary to protect the public health or to provide additional safety and effectiveness data for the device. In such cases, a manufacturer may be required to follow certain patient groups for a number of years and to make periodic reports to the FDA regarding the clinical status of those patients. In addition, once a device is approved or cleared, the manufacture and distribution of the device remains subject to continuing regulation by the FDA, including Quality System Regulation requirements, which involve design, testing, control, documentation and other quality assurance procedures during the manufacturing process. Medical device manufacturers and their subcontractors are required to register their establishments and list their manufactured devices with the FDA, and are subject to periodic unannounced inspections by the FDA and certain state agencies for compliance with regulatory requirements. Manufacturers must also report to the FDA if their devices may have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury or malfunctioned in a way that could likely cause or contribute to a death or serious injury, or if the manufacturer conducts a field correction or product recall or removal to reduce a risk to health posed by a device or to remedy a violation of the FFDCA that may present a health risk. Further, the FDA continues to regulate device labeling, and prohibits the promotion of products for unapproved or “off-label” uses along with other labeling restrictions. If a manufacturer or distributor fails to comply with any of these regulatory requirements, or if safety concerns with a device arise, the FDA may take legal or regulatory action, including civil or criminal penalties, suspension, withdrawal or delay in the issuance of approvals, or seizure or recall of products, any one or more of which could have a material adverse effect upon us.

The FDA imposes a number of complex regulatory requirements on entities that advertise and promote medical devices, including, but not limited to, standards and regulations for direct-to-consumer advertising, off-label promotion, industry-sponsored scientific and educational activities, and promotional activities including internet marketing. Medical devices can only be marketed for indications approved or cleared by the FDA. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in penalties, the issuance of warning letters directing a company to correct deviations from FDA standards, a requirement that future advertising and promotional materials be pre-cleared by the FDA, and federal and state civil and criminal investigations and prosecutions. The FDA does not, however, regulate physicians in their practice of medicine and choice of treatment. Physicians may prescribe (although manufacturers are not permitted to promote) legally available devices for uses that are not described in the product’s labeling and that differ from those tested by us and approved or cleared by the FDA. Such off-label uses are common across medical specialties.

A Class III device may have significant additional obligations imposed in its conditions of approval. Compliance with regulatory requirements is assured through periodic, unannounced facility inspections by the FDA and other regulatory authorities, and these inspections may include the manufacturing facilities of our subcontractors or other third party manufacturers. Failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements can result in enforcement action by the FDA, which may include any of the following sanctions: warning letters or untitled letters; fines, injunctions and civil penalties; recall or seizure of our products; operating restrictions, partial suspension or total shutdown of production; refusing our request for 510(k) clearance or PMA approval of new products; withdrawing 510(k) clearance or PMAs that are already granted; and criminal prosecution.

Products that are marketed in the European Union must comply with the requirements of the Medical Device Directive, or MDD, as implemented in the national legislation of the European Union member states. The MDD, as implemented, provides for a regulatory regime with respect to the design, manufacture, clinical trials, labeling and adverse event reporting for medical devices to ensure that medical devices marketed in the European Union are safe and effective for their intended uses. Medical devices that comply with the MDD, as implemented, are entitled to bear a CE marking and may be marketed in the European Union. Following a highly publicized incident surrounding a French breast implant company that was discovered in late 2011 to be using unapproved industrial grade silicone in its implants, the European Union is considering more onerous device registration and surveillance regulations. Medical device laws and regulations similar to those described above are also in effect in many of the other countries to which we export our products. These range from comprehensive device approval requirements for some or all of our medical device products to requests for product data or certifications. Failure to comply with these domestic and international regulatory requirements could affect our ability to market and sell our products in these countries.

Medical devices are also subject to review by governmental agencies and legislative bodies in the major world markets, including the United States, which are faced with significant pressure to lower health care costs. Governments may delay reimbursement decisions after a device has been approved by the appropriate regulatory agency, impose rebate obligations or restrict patient access. PPACA also imposes significant new taxes on medical device makers in the form of a 2.3% excise tax on all U.S. medical device sales, which began in January 2013. The estimated impact of this medical device excise tax to us was approximately $11.5 million in 2014. Under the legislation, the total cost to the medical device industry is expected to be approximately $20 billion over ten years. This significant increase in the tax burden on the medical device industry could have an adverse impact on our results of operations and our cash flows. Although efforts are currently underway to repeal the tax, we cannot predict whether these efforts will be successful. We expect that current health care reform measures such as PPACA and those that may be adopted in the future, could have a material adverse effect on our industry generally and our ability to successfully commercialize our products or could limit or eliminate our spending on certain development projects.

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Other Regulations

We are subject to federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations, including the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Act, the U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act, the U.S. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act and other current and potential future federal, state or local regulations. Our manufacturing and research and development activities involve the controlled use of hazardous materials, chemicals and biological materials, which require compliance with various laws and regulations regarding the use, storage and disposal of such materials. We cannot assure you, however, that environmental problems relating to properties owned or operated by us will not develop in the future, and we cannot predict whether any such problems, if they were to develop, could require significant expenditures on our part. In addition, we are unable to predict what legislation or regulations may be adopted or enacted in the future with respect to environmental protection and waste disposal.

Additionally, we are subject to domestic and international laws and regulations pertaining to the privacy and security of personal health information, including but not limited to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009, or collectively, HIPAA. In addition, many states have enacted comparable laws addressing the privacy and security of health information, some of which are more stringent than HIPAA.

We are also subject to various federal and state laws pertaining to health care fraud and abuse and gifts to health care practitioners, including the federal Anti-Kickback Statute. The risk of our being found in violation of these laws is increased by the fact that many of them have not been fully interpreted by the regulatory authorities or the courts, and their provisions are open to a variety of interpretations. Furthermore, the federal False Claims Act prohibits anyone from, among other things, knowingly and willingly presenting, or causing to be presented for payment to third party payors (including Medicare and Medicaid), claims for reimbursed products or services that are false or fraudulent, claims for items or services not provided as claimed, or claims for medically unnecessary items or services. HIPAA prohibits executing a scheme to defraud any health care benefit program or making false statements relating to health care matters. In addition, many states have adopted laws similar to the federal fraud and abuse laws discussed above, which, in some cases, apply to all payors whether governmental or private. Our activities, particularly those relating to the sale and marketing of our products, may be subject to scrutiny under these and other laws.

The Physician Payment Sunshine Act also imposes new reporting and disclosure requirements on device and drug manufacturers for any “transfer of value” made or distributed to prescribers and other healthcare providers. In addition, device and drug manufacturers will also be required to report and disclose any investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family members during the preceding calendar year. Failure to submit required information may result in significant civil monetary penalties. Manufacturers were required to begin data collection on August 1, 2013 and were required to report such data to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or CMS, by June 30, 2014. Thereafter, manufacturers must submit reports by the 90^th day of each subsequent calendar year.

In addition, certain states mandate implementation of compliance programs to ensure compliance with these health care fraud and abuse laws. For example, under California law, pharmaceutical companies must adopt a comprehensive compliance program that is in accordance with applicable guidelines from the Office of Inspector General, or OIG, and the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America Code on Interactions with Healthcare Professionals, or the PhRMA Code. The PhRMA Code seeks to promote transparency in relationships between health care professionals and the pharmaceutical industry and to ensure that pharmaceutical marketing activities comport with the highest ethical standards. The PhRMA Code contains strict limitations on certain interactions between health care professionals and the pharmaceutical industry relating to gifts, meals, entertainment and speaker programs, among others. Similarly, the Advanced Medical Technology Association's Revised Code of Ethics, or the AdvaMed Code, also seeks to ensure that medical device companies and health care professionals have collaborative relationships that meet high ethical standards, that medical decisions are based on the best interests of patients, and that medical device companies and health care professionals comply with applicable laws, regulations and government guidance. To that end, the AdvaMed Code provides guidance regarding how medical device companies may comply with certain aspects of the anti-kickback laws and applicable OIG guidelines by outlining ethical standards for interactions with health care professionals. In addition, certain states have also imposed restrictions on the types of interactions that pharmaceutical and medical device companies or their agents (e.g., sales representatives) may have with health care professionals, including bans or strict limitations on the provision of meals, entertainment, hospitality, travel and lodging expenses, and other financial support, including funding for continuing medical education activities, and require pharmaceutical and medical device companies to track and/or report gifts, compensation and other remuneration provided to physicians.

In 2010, we reached a settlement with the U.S. Attorney, U.S. Department of Justice for the Northern District of Georgia, or DOJ, and other federal agencies regarding our alleged sales and marketing practices in connection with certain therapeutic uses of Botox^®. In connection with this settlement, we agreed to (i) plead guilty to a single misdemeanor “misbranding” charge covering the period from 2000 through 2005; (ii) pay the government $375 million, which includes a $350 million criminal fine and $25

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million in forfeited assets; (iii) pay $225 million to resolve civil claims asserted by the DOJ under the civil False Claims Act; and (iv) enter into a five-year Corporate Integrity Agreement, or CIA, with the Office of Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services. Failure to comply with the terms of the CIA could result in substantial civil or criminal penalties and being excluded from government health care programs. Violations of fraud and abuse laws may be punishable by criminal and/or civil sanctions, including fines and civil monetary penalties, as well as the possibility of exclusion from federal health care programs (including Medicare and Medicaid).

Our global activities are subject to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the FCPA, the United Kingdom’s Bribery Act of 2010, the UK Bribery Act, and other countries’ anti-bribery laws that have been enacted in support of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development’s Anti-Bribery Convention. These laws generally prohibit companies and their intermediaries from offering, promising, authorizing or providing payments or anything of value to any foreign government official, government staff member, political party or political candidate for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or securing any other improper advantage. The UK Bribery Act also prohibits commercial bribery and makes it a crime for companies to fail to prevent bribery. Companies have the burden of proving that they have adequate procedures in place to prevent bribery. The enforcement of such laws in the United States and elsewhere has increased dramatically in the past few years, and authorities have indicated that the pharmaceutical and medical device industry will be a significant focus for enforcement efforts. Although we have policies and procedures in place to ensure that we, our employees and our agents comply with the FCPA, the UK Bribery Act and related laws, there is no assurance that such policies or procedures will protect us against liability under the FCPA, the UK Bribery Act or related laws for actions taken by our agents, employees and intermediaries with respect to our business. For a discussion of the risks relating to the failure to comply with the FCPA, the UK Bribery Act or related laws, see Item 1A of Part I of this report, including “Risk Factors - We could be adversely affected by violations of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other worldwide anti-bribery laws.”

Third Party Coverage and Reimbursement

Health care providers generally rely on third-party payors, including governmental payors such as Medicare and Medicaid, and private insurance carriers, to adequately cover and reimburse the cost of pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Such third-party payors are increasingly challenging the price of medical products and services and instituting cost containment measures to control, restrict access or significantly influence the purchase of medical products and services. The market for some of our products therefore is influenced by third-party payors’ policies. This includes the placement of our pharmaceutical products on drug formularies or lists of medications.

Purchases of aesthetic products and procedures using those products generally are not covered by third-party payors, and consequently patients incur out-of-pocket costs for such products and associated procedures. This includes breast aesthetics products for augmentation and facial aesthetics products. Since 1998, however, U.S. federal law has mandated that group health plans, insurance companies and health maintenance organizations offering mastectomy coverage must also provide coverage for reconstructive surgery following a mastectomy, which includes coverage for breast implants. Outside the United States, reimbursement for breast implants used in reconstructive surgery following a mastectomy may be available, but the programs vary on a country by country basis.

Outside the United States, reimbursement programs vary on a country by country basis. In some countries, both the procedure and product are fully reimbursed by the government health care systems for all citizens who need it, and there is no limit on the number of procedures that can be performed. In other countries, there is complete reimbursement but the number of procedures that can be performed at each hospital is limited either by the hospital’s overall budget or by the national budget for the type of product.

In the United States, there have been and continue to be a number of legislative initiatives to contain health care coverage and reimbursement by governmental and other payors. For example, in March 2010, the PPACA was passed, which substantially changes the way health care is financed by both governmental and private insurers, and significantly impacts the U.S. pharmaceutical and medical device industries. The PPACA, among other things, subjects biologic products to potential competition by lower-cost biosimilars, increases the minimum Medicaid rebates owed by manufacturers under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program and extends the rebate program to individuals enrolled in Medicaid managed care organizations, establishes annual fees and taxes on manufacturers of certain branded prescription drugs and medical devices, requires manufacturers to participate in a discount program for certain outpatient drugs under Medicare Part D, and promotes programs that increase the federal government’s comparative effectiveness research.

In addition, other legislative changes have been proposed and adopted in the United States since the PPACA was enacted. On August 2, 2011, the Budget Control Act of 2011 among other things, created measures for spending reductions by Congress. A Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction, tasked with recommending a targeted deficit reduction of at least $1.2 trillion for the years 2013 through 2021, was unable to reach required goals, thereby triggering the legislation's automatic reduction to several

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government programs. This includes aggregate reductions of Medicare payments to providers of 2% per fiscal year, which went into effect on April 1, 2013 and will remain in effect through 2024 unless additional Congressional action is taken. On January 2, 2013, President Obama signed into law the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, or the ATRA, which, among other things, further reduced Medicare payments to several providers, including hospitals, imaging centers and cancer treatment centers, and increased the statute of limitations period for the government to recover overpayments to providers from three to five years. These new laws may result in additional reductions in Medicare and other health care funding, which could have a material adverse effect on our customers and accordingly, our results of operations.

Further, President Obama’s proposed budget for 2014 and 2015 and certain proposed legislation would require drug manufacturers to pay to the Medicare program new rebates for certain outpatient drugs covered under Medicare Part D. These proposals would allow the Medicare program to benefit from the same, relatively higher, rebates that Medicaid receives for brand name and generic drugs provided to beneficiaries who receive the low-income subsidies under the Medicare Part D program and “dual eligible” beneficiaries (i.e., those who are eligible for both the Medicare and Medicaid programs). At this time, the extent to which these proposals will affect our business remains unclear, but we expect that health care reform measures that may be adopted in the future, could have a material adverse effect on our industry generally and our ability to successfully commercialize our products or could limit or eliminate our spending on certain development projects.

Environmental Matters

We are subject to federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations. We believe that our operations comply in all material respects with applicable environmental laws and regulations in each country where we have a business presence. We also pride ourselves on our comprehensive and successful environmental, health and safety programs and performance against internal objectives. We have been recognized many times for superior environmental health and safety performance.

Although we continue to make capital expenditures for environmental protection, we do not anticipate any expenditures in order to comply with such laws and regulations that would have a material impact on our earnings or competitive position. We are not aware of any pending litigation or significant financial obligations arising from current or past environmental practices that are likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial position. We cannot assure you, however, that environmental problems relating to properties owned or operated by us will not develop in the future, and we cannot predict whether any such problems, if they were to develop, could require significant expenditures on our part. In addition, we are unable to predict what legislation or regulations may be adopted or enacted in the future with respect to environmental protection and waste disposal.

Seasonality

Our business, both taken as a whole and by our business segments, is not materially affected by seasonal factors, although we have noticed a historical trend with respect to sales of our aesthetics products, including our breast aesthetics and Botox^® Cosmetic. Sales of our aesthetics products have tended to be marginally higher during the second and fourth quarters, presumably in advance of the summer vacation and holiday seasons. Fluctuations of our sales are also impacted by the effect of promotions, which cause non-seasonal variability in sales trends.

Employee Relations

At December 31, 2014, we employed approximately 10,500 persons throughout the world, including approximately 4,700 in the United States. None of our U.S.-based employees are represented by unions. We believe that our relations with our employees are generally good.

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Executive Officers

Our executive officers and their ages as of February 15, 2015 are as follows:



Name	Age	Principal Positions with Allergan
David E.I. Pyott	61	Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer)
Douglas S. Ingram	52	President
James F. Barlow	56	Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller (Principal Accounting Officer)
Raymond H. Diradoorian	57	Executive Vice President, Global Technical Operations
Julian S. Gangolli	57	Corporate Vice President and President, North America
James M. Hindman	54	Executive Vice President, Finance and Business Development, Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)
Arnold A. Pinkston	56	Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Assistant Secretary
Scott D. Sherman	49	Executive Vice President, Human Resources
Scott M. Whitcup, M.D.	55	Executive Vice President, Research & Development, Chief Scientific Officer

Officers are appointed by and hold office at the pleasure of the board of directors.

MR. DAVID E.I. PYOTT has been our Chief Executive Officer since January 1998 and in 2001 became Chairman of the Board. Mr. Pyott also served as our President from January 1998 until February 2006, and again from March 2011 until June 2014. Mr. Pyott has driven the growth of Allergan by fueling internal development through significant investment in Research & Development while also identifying and leveraging unique, synergistic external opportunities. Allergan’s investment in Research & Development has increased from less than $100 million in 1998 to over $1 billion in 2014. Allergan is currently the fastest growing and second largest global ophthalmic pharmaceutical company and holds leadership positions in other specialty areas including neurosciences, medical aesthetics and medical dermatology. In addition to internally driven innovation, Allergan acquired Inamed Corp. for over $3 billion in 2006 and Groupe Laboratories Cornéal in France in 2007 primarily for their breast implant and dermal filler technologies. In adding these products to BOTOX^® Cosmetic, Allergan created a new global category: medical aesthetics, and is the world’s largest medical aesthetics company. In 2014, Harvard Business Review rated Mr. Pyott as No. 4 CEO in the world.

Before joining Allergan, Mr. Pyott served as the Head of the Novartis Nutrition Division and as a member of the Executive Committee of the Switzerland-based Novartis AG, working over 17 years in several positions in strategic planning, marketing and general management in five countries around the world.

Mr. Pyott is also the lead independent director of the board of Avery Dennison Corporation, a publicly traded company focused on pressure-sensitive technology and self-adhesive solutions, where he serves as Chairman of its Compensation and Executive Personnel Committee and as a member of its Governance and Social Responsibility Committee. Mr. Pyott is a former member of the board of Edwards Lifesciences Corporation, Pacific LifeCorp and Pacific Mutual Holding Company, the parent companies of Pacific Life Insurance Company. Mr. Pyott is a member of the Directors’ Board of The Paul Merage School of Business at the University of California, Irvine. Mr. Pyott serves on the board and Executive Committee of the Biotechnology Industry Organization. Mr. Pyott also serves as a member of the board of the Pan-American Ophthalmological Foundation, President of the International Council of Ophthalmology Foundation and as a member of the Advisory Board for the Foundation of The American Academy of Ophthalmology. Mr. Pyott also serves as Vice Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Chapman University. Mr. Pyott was recognized in the Queen’s Birthday Honors List in 2006 and holds the title of Commander of the British Empire.

MR. DOUGLAS S. INGRAM was appointed President of Allergan on July 1, 2013. Prior to assuming his current role, Mr. Ingram served as Executive Vice President and President, Europe, Africa and Middle East from August 2010 to June 2013. Prior to that, he served as Executive Vice President, Chief Administrative Officer, and Secretary from October 2006 to July 2010 and led Allergan’s Global Legal Affairs, Compliance, Internal Audit and Internal Controls, Human Resources, Regulatory Affairs and Safety, and Global Corporate Affairs and Public Relations departments. Mr. Ingram also served as General Counsel from January 2001 to June 2009 and as Secretary and Chief Ethics Officer from July 2001 to July 2010. During that time, he served as Executive Vice President from October 2003 to October 2006, as Corporate Vice President from July 2001 to October 2003 and as Senior Vice President from January 2001 to July 2001. Prior to that, Mr. Ingram was Associate General Counsel and Assistant Secretary from 1998 and joined Allergan in 1996 as Senior Attorney and Chief Litigation Counsel. Prior to joining Allergan, Mr. Ingram

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was an attorney at Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP from 1988 to 1996. Mr. Ingram received his Juris Doctorate from the University of Arizona in 1988, graduating summa cum laude and Order of the Coif.

MR. JAMES F. BARLOW has been Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller since February 2005. Mr. Barlow joined Allergan in January 2002 as Vice President, Corporate Controller. Prior to joining Allergan, Mr. Barlow served as Chief Financial Officer of Wynn Oil Company, a division of Parker Hannifin Corporation. Prior to Wynn Oil Company, Mr. Barlow was Treasurer and Controller at Wynn’s International, Inc., a supplier of automotive and industrial components and specialty chemicals, from July 1990 to September 2000. Before working for Wynn’s International, Inc., Mr. Barlow was Vice President, Controller from 1986 to 1990 for Ford Equipment Leasing Company. From 1983 to 1985 Mr. Barlow worked for the accounting firm Deloitte Haskins and Sells. Mr. Barlow received a Bachelor of Science degree in Accounting, graduating magna cum laude, from Brigham Young University and a Master of Accountancy, graduating with honors - high distinction, from Brigham Young University.

MR. RAYMOND H. DIRADOORIAN has served as Allergan’s Executive Vice President, Global Technical Operations since February 2006. From April 2005 to February 2006, Mr. Diradoorian served as Senior Vice President, Global Technical Operations. From February 2001 to April 2005, Mr. Diradoorian served as Vice President, Global Engineering and Technology. Mr. Diradoorian joined Allergan in July 1981. Prior to joining Allergan, Mr. Diradoorian held positions at American Hospital Supply and with the Los Angeles Dodgers baseball team. Mr. Diradoorian received a Bachelor of Science degree in Biological Sciences from the University of California, Irvine and a Master of Science degree in Technology Management from Pepperdine University.

MR. JULIAN S. GANGOLLI has been Corporate Vice President and President, North America since January 2004. Mr. Gangolli served as Senior Vice President, U.S. Eye Care from July 1998 to January 2004. Prior to joining Allergan, Mr. Gangolli served as Vice President, Sales and Marketing of VIVUS, Inc., a publicly-traded biopharmaceutical company, from 1994 to 1998, where he was responsible for facilitating the successful transition of the company from a research and development start-up into a niche pharmaceutical company. Prior to that, Mr. Gangolli served in a number of increasingly senior marketing roles in the UK, Global Strategic Marketing and in the US for Syntex Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a multinational pharmaceutical company. Mr. Gangolli began his career in pharmaceutical sales and marketing with Ortho-Cilag Pharmaceuticals, Ltd. a UK subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson. Mr. Gangolli received a BSc (Honors) in Applied Chemistry and Business Studies from Kingston Polytechnic in England.

MR. JAMES M. HINDMAN has been Executive Vice President, Finance and Business Development, Chief Financial Officer since August 2014. Mr. Hindman joined Allergan in 1984 and has served in a variety of finance positions, including Senior Vice President, Finance and Controller, Assistant Corporate Controller, Vice President, Financial Planning and Analysis and, from 2002 to August 2014, Senior Vice President, Treasury, Risk and Investor Relations. Mr. Hindman also serves as President of The Allergan Foundation. Before joining Allergan, Mr. Hindman worked at Deloitte, Haskins and Sells. Mr. Hindman received a Bachelor of Science degree in Accounting from Loyola Marymount University and an MBA from Pepperdine University and is a Certified Public Accountant (inactive).

MR. ARNOLD A. PINKSTON joined Allergan as Executive Vice President, General Counsel and Assistant Secretary in October 2011 with over 25 years of experience managing legal affairs. Prior to joining Allergan, Mr. Pinkston served as the Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary of Beckman Coulter, Inc. from 2005 through the company’s sale to Danaher Corporation in June 2011. While at Beckman Coulter, Mr. Pinkston was responsible for all aspects of the company’s global legal affairs as well as the company’s compliance program, corporate social responsibility program, internal audit department and knowledge resources. Prior to joining Beckman Coulter, Mr. Pinkston held various positions at Eli Lilly and Company from 1999 through 2005, including serving as deputy general counsel responsible for the legal affairs of Lilly USA. Mr. Pinkston served as general counsel of PCS Health Systems from 1994 to 1999 after working for McKesson Corporation and beginning his legal career as an attorney with Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe. Mr. Pinkston received a Bachelor’s Degree in Geophysics from Yale College and a Juris Doctor degree from Yale Law School.

MR. SCOTT D. SHERMAN joined Allergan as Executive Vice President, Human Resources in September 2010 with more than fifteen years of human resources leadership experience. Prior to joining Allergan, Mr. Sherman worked at Medtronic, Inc., a global medical device company, from August 1995 to September 2010 in roles of increasing complexity and responsibility. From April 2009 until September 2010, Mr. Sherman served as Medtronic’s Vice President, Global Total Rewards and Human Resources Operations, where he was responsible for global compensation and benefits programs, and served as Secretary to the Compensation Committee of Medtronic’s Board of Directors. Mr. Sherman lived in Europe from August 2005 until April 2009 and served as Vice-President, International Human Resources (May 2008 - April 2009) and Vice-President, Human Resources-Europe, Emerging Markets and Canada (August 2005 - May 2008). Prior to these assignments, Mr. Sherman held a series of other positions at Medtronic including Vice President, Human Resources-Diabetes (January 2002 - July 2005). Prior to joining Medtronic, Mr. Sherman held various positions in the Human Resources and Sales organizations at Exxon Corporation from 1990 to 1995. Mr. Sherman is a member of the American Heart Association (Orange County Chapter) Board of Directors. Mr. Sherman holds a Master's Degree in Industrial and Labor Relations from Cornell University and a Bachelor's Degree in International Affairs from The George Washington University.

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DR. SCOTT M. WHITCUP has been Executive Vice President, Research and Development, and Chief Scientific Officer since April 2009. Prior to that, Dr. Whitcup was Executive Vice President, Research and Development since July 2004. Dr. Whitcup joined Allergan in January 2000 as Vice President, Development, Ophthalmology. In January 2004, Dr. Whitcup became Allergan’s Senior Vice President, Development, Ophthalmology. From 1993 until 2000, Dr. Whitcup served as the Clinical Director of the National Eye Institute at the National Institutes of Health. As Clinical Director, Dr. Whitcup’s leadership was vital in building the clinical research program and promoting new ophthalmic therapeutic discoveries. Dr. Whitcup is a faculty member at the Jules Stein Eye Institute/David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles. Dr. Whitcup serves on the board of directors of Semnur Pharmaceuticals, a privately-held company. Dr. Whitcup is a former member of the board of directors of Questcor Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a publicly-traded biopharmaceutical company. Dr. Whitcup graduated from Cornell University and Cornell University Medical College. He completed residency training in internal medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles and in ophthalmology at Harvard University, as well as fellowship training in uveitis and ocular immunology at the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Whitcup is a faculty member at the Jules Stein Eye Institute/David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Before deciding to purchase, hold or sell our common stock, you should carefully consider the risks described below in addition to the other cautionary statements and risks described elsewhere and the other information contained in this report and in our other filings with the SEC, including subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K. We operate in a rapidly changing environment that involves a number of risks. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business. These known and unknown risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, operating results or liquidity, which could cause the trading price of our common stock to decline.

Risks Related to the Allergan Business

We operate in a highly competitive business.

The pharmaceutical and medical device industries are highly competitive. To be successful in these industries, we must be able to, among other things, effectively discover, develop, test and obtain regulatory approvals for products and effectively commercialize, market and promote approved products, including by communicating the effectiveness, safety and value of products to actual and prospective customers and medical professionals. Many of our competitors have greater resources than we have. This enables them to make greater research and development investments, including the acquisitions of technologies, products and businesses, and spread their research and development costs, as well as their marketing and promotion costs, over a broader revenue base.

Our future growth depends, in part, on our ability to develop and introduce products which are more effective than those developed by our competitors. Developments by our competitors, the entry of new competitors into the markets in which we compete, and the rapid pace of scientific advancement in the pharmaceutical and medical device industries could make our products or technologies less competitive or obsolete. For example, sales of our existing products may decline rapidly if a new product is introduced that represents a substantial improvement over our existing products or that is sold at a lower price. Additionally, if we lose patent coverage for a product, our products may compete against generic products that are as safe and effective as our products, but sold at considerably lower prices. The FDA has substantial discretion in administering the generic drug approval process, and may change current approval policies or adopt new policies that may facilitate the more rapid development and approval of generic products, including products that would compete with our existing products. The introduction of generic products could significantly reduce demand for our products within a short period of time. Certain of our pharmaceutical products also compete with over-the-counter products and other products not regulated by the FDA which may be priced and regulated differently than our products.

We also expect to face increasing competition from biosimilar products. Recent U.S. healthcare reform legislation included an abbreviated regulatory pathway for the approval of biosimilars. As a result, we anticipate increasing competition from biosimilars in the future. Title VII of the PPACA and the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act of 2009, or BPCIA, create a new licensure framework for biosimilar products, and the FDA issued draft guidance in 2012, which could ultimately subject our biologic products, including Botox^®, to competition. Previously, there had been no licensure pathway for such a follow-on product. Further, Congress recently authorized user fee programs for both generic drugs and biosimilars in the FDASIA. The availability of industry user fees obtained through these new programs may facilitate biosimilar product development and faster approvals of both generic drugs and biosimilars. In the event our biologic products such as Botox^® may become subject to direct competition by a licensed biosimilar, we may rapidly lose a significant portion of our sales of that product.

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We may be unable to obtain and maintain adequate protection for our intellectual property rights.

Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain and defend patent rights and other intellectual property rights that are important to the commercialization of our products and product candidates. We cannot assure you that we will successfully obtain or preserve patent protection for the technologies incorporated into our products, or that the protection obtained will be of sufficient breadth and degree to protect our commercial interests in all countries where we conduct business. In addition, third parties, including generic drug manufacturers, may challenge, invalidate or circumvent our patents and patent applications relating to our products, product candidates and technologies. Upon the expiration or loss of necessary intellectual property protection for a product, we may rapidly lose a significant portion of our sales of that product.

Furthermore, we cannot assure you that our products will not infringe patents or other intellectual property rights held by third parties. If we infringe the intellectual property rights of others, we could lose our right to develop, manufacture or sell products or could be required to pay monetary damages or royalties to license proprietary rights from third parties. An adverse determination in a judicial or administrative proceeding or a failure to obtain necessary licenses could prevent us from manufacturing or selling our products. See Item 3 of Part I of this report, “Legal Proceedings,” for information concerning our current intellectual property litigation.

Our development efforts may not result in products or indications approved for commercial sale.

We must continue to develop, test and manufacture new products or achieve new indications or label extensions for the use of our existing products. Prior to marketing, these new products and product indications must satisfy stringent regulatory standards and receive requisite approvals or clearances from regulatory authorities in the United States and abroad. It typically takes many years to satisfy the regulatory requirements to obtain approval or clearance to market products such as ours and approval timing varies substantially based upon the type, complexity and novelty of the product. We may be required to conduct costly and time-intensive clinical trials in order to obtain clearance or approval. The development, regulatory review and approval, and commercialization processes are very expensive and time consuming, costly and subject to numerous factors that may delay or prevent the development, approval or clearance, and commercialization of new products.

In addition, any of our product candidates or indications may receive necessary regulatory approvals or clearances only after delays or unanticipated costs. For example, prior to the FDA approval of Botox^® for the prophylactic treatment of headaches in adults with chronic migraine in 2010, we were required to adopt a REMS program addressing the risks related to botulinum toxin spread beyond the injection site and the non-interchangeability of botulinum toxins. Even if we receive regulatory approvals for a new product or indication, the product may later exhibit adverse effects that limit or prevent its widespread use or that force us to withdraw the product from the market or to revise our labeling to limit the indications for which the product may be prescribed.

Further, clinical trial results are frequently susceptible to varying interpretations by scientists, medical personnel, regulatory personnel, statisticians and others, which differences may delay, limit or prevent further clinical development or regulatory approvals of a product candidate. Also, the length of time that it takes for us to complete clinical trials and obtain regulatory approval for product marketing is unpredictable and varies by product and by the intended use of a product. Of course, there may be other factors that prevent us from marketing a product.

From time to time, legislative or regulatory proposals are introduced that could alter the review and approval process relating to our products. For example, in response to industry and healthcare provider concerns regarding the predictability, consistency and rigor of the 510(k) regulatory pathway, the FDA initiated an evaluation of the program and, in the first quarter of 2011, announced numerous actions that are intended to reform the review process governing the clearance of medical devices. In addition, as part of FDASIA, Congress enacted several reforms entitled the Medical Device Regulatory Improvements and additional miscellaneous provisions which will further affect medical device regulation both pre- and post-approval. It is possible that the FDA or other governmental authorities will issue additional regulations further restricting the sale of our present or proposed products. Any change in legislation or regulations that govern the review and approval process relating to our current and future products could make it more difficult and costly to obtain approval for new products, or to produce, market and distribute existing products.

Moreover, any of our product candidates or indications may fail at any stage, potentially after substantial financial and other resources have been invested in their development. Successful product development in the pharmaceutical and medical device industry is highly uncertain, and very few research and development projects produce a commercial product. Product candidates that appear promising in the early phases of development, such as in early human clinical trials, may fail to reach the market for a number of reasons. For instance, a product candidate may not be effective in treating a specified condition or illness, a product candidate may have harmful side effects in humans or animals, the necessary regulatory bodies, such as the FDA, may not approve the product candidate for an intended use, a product candidate may not be economical for us to manufacture and commercialize, or certain of our licensors or partners may fail to effectively conduct clinical development or manufacturing activities.

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Our business and products are subject to extensive government regulation.

We are subject to extensive, complex, costly and evolving regulation by federal and state governmental authorities in the United States, principally by the FDA and the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration, or DEA, and foreign regulatory authorities. Failure to comply with all applicable regulatory requirements, including those promulgated under the FFDCA and Controlled Substances Act, may subject us to operating restrictions and criminal prosecution, monetary penalties and other disciplinary actions, including, sanctions, warning letters, product seizures, recalls, fines, injunctions, suspension, revocation of approvals, or exclusion from future participation in the Medicare and Medicaid programs.

After our products receive regulatory approval or clearance, we, and our direct and indirect suppliers, remain subject to the periodic inspection of our plants and facilities, review of production processes, and testing of our products to confirm that we are in compliance with all applicable regulations. For example, the FDA conducts ongoing inspections to determine whether our record keeping, production processes and controls, personnel and quality control are in compliance with the cGMPs, the Quality System Regulation, or QSR, and other FDA regulations. Adverse findings during regulatory inspections may result in the implementation of REMS programs, completion of government mandated post-marketing clinical studies, and government enforcement action relating to labeling, advertising, marketing and promotion, as well as regulations governing manufacturing controls noted above.

The FDA has increased its enforcement activities related to the advertising and promotion of pharmaceutical, biological and medical device products. In particular, the FDA has increased its scrutiny of our compliance with the agency’s regulations and guidance governing direct-to-consumer advertising. The FDA may limit or, with respect to certain products, terminate our dissemination of direct-to-consumer advertisements in the future, which could cause sales of those products to decline. In addition, certain FDA regulations and federal statutes regulate the promotion of our products for unapproved or “off-label” uses, which prohibit communications to physicians regarding the prescription of our pharmaceutical and biologic products, and the use of our medical device products, that are not described in the product’s labeling or differ from those tested by us and approved or cleared by the FDA. It is challenging to strictly comply with the complex regulatory requirements related to “off-label” communications and other promotional activities. If our promotional activities fail to comply with applicable laws, regulations, guidelines or interpretations, we may be subject to enforcement actions by the FDA or other governmental enforcement authorities.

Disruptions in our supply chain or failure to adequately forecast product demand could result in significant delays or lost sales.

The interruption of our manufacturing processes could adversely affect our ability to manufacture or sell many of our products. We manufacture certain products, including Botox^®, breast aesthetics and our Juvéderm^® dermal filler family of products, at a single facility or a single site. Therefore, a significant disruptive event, including a fire or natural disaster, at certain manufacturing facilities or sites could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations. In the event of a disruption, we may need to build or locate replacement facilities as well as seek and obtain the necessary regulatory approvals for these facilities. Accordingly, we may experience substantial production delays, and, if our finished goods inventories are insufficient to meet demand, we may be unable to satisfy customer orders on a timely basis, if at all.

The loss of a material supplier could also significantly disrupt our business. In some cases, we obtain components or chemicals used in certain of our products from single sources. If we experience difficulties acquiring sufficient quantities of required materials or products from our existing suppliers, or if our suppliers are found to be non-compliant with the FDA’s QSR, cGMPs or other applicable laws, obtaining the required regulatory approvals to use alternative suppliers may be a lengthy and uncertain process during which we could lose sales.

Any failure by us to forecast demand for, or to maintain an adequate supply of, the raw material and finished product could result in an interruption in the supply of certain products and a decline in sales of that product. For example, the manufacturing process to create the raw material necessary to produce Botox^® and other products is technically complex and requires significant lead-time. In addition, if our suppliers are unable to meet our manufacturing requirements, we may not be able to produce a sufficient amount of materials or products in a timely manner, which could cause a decline in our sales.

Increased concerns over the safety of our products may result in negative publicity or increased regulatory controls on our products.

The Company’s reputation is the foundation of our relationships with physicians, patients and other customers. If we are unable to effectively manage real or perceived issues, which could negatively impact sentiments toward the Company, our business could suffer. Pharmaceuticals and medical devices are perceived to be dangerous products and our customers may have a number of concerns about the safety of our products whether or not such concerns have a basis in generally accepted science or peer-reviewed scientific research. These concerns may be increased by negative publicity, even if the publicity is inaccurate. For example, consumer groups and certain plaintiffs have alleged that certain uses of Botox^®, including off-label uses, have caused patient injuries and death and have further alleged that we failed to adequately warn patients of the risks relating to Botox^® use. From time to time reports related to the quality and safety of breast implant devices are published, including reports that have suggested

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a possible association between anaplastic large cell lymphoma and breast implants, as well as negative reports from regulatory authorities in Europe related to a breast implant manufacturer that is not affiliated with the Company. In addition, government investigations related to the use of our products, but not the efficacy of the products themselves, may cause reputational harm to the Company. Negative publicity-whether accurate or inaccurate-about the efficacy, safety or side effects of our products or product categories, whether involving us or a competitor, could materially reduce market acceptance of our products, cause consumers to seek alternatives to our products, result in product withdrawals and cause our stock price to decline. Negative publicity could also result in an increased number of product liability claims, whether or not these claims have a basis in scientific fact.

We are also subject to adverse event reporting regulations that require us to report to the FDA or similar bodies in other countries if our products are associated with a death or serious injury, even if there is no available evidence of a causal relationship between the adverse event and the product. Such reports may be publicly released by the FDA and other authorities. For instance, the FDA maintains a public database, known as the Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience, or MAUDE, that posts reports of adverse events involving medical devices. The submission of an adverse event report for a pharmaceutical or medical device product to the FDA and its public release on MAUDE, or other public database, does not, by regulation, reflect a conclusion by us or the FDA that the product caused or contributed to the adverse event. However, as part of our post-marketing pharmacovigilance program, we routinely monitor the adverse event reports we receive to identify potential safety issues, known as signals, that may require us to take action with respect to the product, such as a recall or other market action, or to amend our labeling to add the adverse reaction or a new warning or contraindication. The FDA and other regulatory authorities also monitor adverse event reports to identify safety signals, and may take action in connection with that monitoring, including the imposition on us of additional regulatory controls, such as REMS programs and the performance of costly post-approval clinical studies or revisions to our approved labeling, which requirements could limit the indications or patient population for our products or could even lead to the withdrawal of a product from the market. We cannot assure you that the FDA will agree with our assessments of whether a safety signal exists for one of our products. Furthermore, any adverse publicity associated with adverse events for our products, and related post-marketing actions, could cause consumers to seek alternatives to our products, and thereby cause our sales to decline, even if our products are ultimately determined not to have been the primary cause of the adverse event.

We are subject to complex government healthcare legislation and reimbursement programs, as well as other cost-containment pressures.

Many of our products are purchased or reimbursed by federal and state government authorities, private health insurers and other organizations, including heath maintenance and managed care organizations. These third-party payors increasingly challenge pharmaceutical and medical device product pricing, which could result in lower reimbursement rates and a reduction in demand for our products.

In addition, legislative and regulatory proposals and enactments to reform healthcare insurance programs could significantly influence the manner in which pharmaceutical products, biologic products and medical devices are prescribed and purchased. For example, in March 2010, the President of the United States signed the PPACA, which substantially changes the way healthcare is financed by both governmental and private insurers and significantly impacts the U.S. pharmaceutical and medical device industries. The PPACA, among other things, subjects biologic products to potential competition by lower-cost biosimilars, increases the minimum Medicaid rebates owed by manufacturers under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program and extends the rebate program to individuals enrolled in Medicaid managed care organizations, establishes annual fees and taxes on manufacturers of certain branded prescription drugs and medical devices, requires manufacturers to participate in a discount program for certain outpatient drugs under Medicare Part D, and promotes programs that increase the federal government’s comparative effectiveness research.

Other legislative changes have been proposed and adopted in the United States since the PPACA was enacted. On August 2, 2011, the Budget Control Act of 2011, among other things, created measures for spending reductions by Congress. A Joint Select Committee on Deficit Reduction, tasked with recommending a targeted deficit reduction of at least $1.2 trillion for the years 2013 through 2021, was unable to reach required goals, thereby triggering the legislation’s automatic reduction to several government programs. This includes aggregate reductions of Medicare payments to providers up to 2% per fiscal year, which went into effect on April 1, 2013. On January 2, 2013, President Obama signed into law the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, or the ATRA, which among other things, also reduced Medicare payments to several providers, including hospitals, imaging centers and cancer treatment centers, and increased the statute of limitations period for the government to recover overpayments to providers from three to five years. We expect that additional federal healthcare reform measures will be adopted in the future, any of which could limit the amounts that federal and state governments will pay for healthcare products and services, and in turn could significantly reduce the projected value of certain development projects and reduce our profitability.

Individual states have also become increasingly aggressive in passing legislation and implementing regulations designed to control pharmaceutical product pricing, including price or patient reimbursement constraints, discounts, restrictions on certain product access, and to encourage importation from other countries and bulk purchasing. Furthermore, regional healthcare authorities and individual hospitals are increasingly using bidding procedures to determine what pharmaceutical and medical device products

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and which suppliers will be included in their prescription drug and other healthcare programs. Any legally mandated price controls or utilization of bidding procedures could negatively and materially impact our revenues, results of operations and financial condition.

Our ability to sell our products to hospitals in the United States also depends in part on our relationships with wholesalers and group purchasing organizations, or GPOs. We sell our pharmaceutical products primarily through wholesalers. These wholesale customers comprise a significant part of the distribution network for pharmaceutical products in the United States. This distribution network is continuing to undergo significant consolidation as well as developing preferred relationships with retail pharmacy chains. We expect that consolidation of drug wholesalers and partnerships with retail pharmacies will increase competitive and pricing pressures on pharmaceutical manufacturers, including us. In addition, wholesalers may apply pricing pressure through fee-for-service arrangements, and their purchases may exceed customer demand, resulting in reduced wholesaler purchases in later quarters. We cannot assure you that we can manage these pressures or that wholesaler purchases will not decrease as a result of this potential excess buying.

Many existing and potential customers for our products become members of GPOs. GPOs negotiate pricing arrangements and contracts, sometimes on an exclusive basis, with medical supply manufacturers and distributors, and these negotiated prices are made available to a GPO’s affiliated hospitals and other members. If we are not one of the providers selected by a GPO, affiliated hospitals and other members may be less likely to purchase our products, and if the GPO has negotiated a strict sole source, market share compliance or bundling contract for another manufacturer’s products, we may be precluded from making sales to members of the GPO for the duration of the contractual arrangement. Our failure to renew contracts with GPOs may cause us to lose market share and could have a material adverse impact on our sales, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot assure you that we will be able to renew these contracts at the current or substantially similar terms. If we are unable to keep our relationships and develop new relationships with GPOs, our competitive position would likely suffer.

We also encounter similar legislative, regulatory and pricing issues in most countries outside the United States. International operations are generally subject to extensive governmental price controls and other market regulations, and we believe the increasing emphasis on cost-containment initiatives in Europe and other countries has and will continue to put pressure on the price and usage of our pharmaceutical and medical device products. Although we cannot predict the extent to which our business may be affected by future cost-containment measures or other potential legislative or regulatory developments, additional foreign price controls or other changes in pricing regulation could restrict the amount that we are able to charge for our current and future products, which could adversely affect our revenue and results of operations.

Compliance with domestic and international laws and regulations pertaining to the privacy and security of health information may be time consuming, difficult and costly.

Failure to comply with domestic and international privacy and security laws can result in the imposition of significant civil and criminal penalties. The costs of compliance with these laws, including protecting electronically stored information from cyber attacks, and potential liability associated with failure to do so could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to various domestic and international privacy and security regulations, including but not limited to HIPAA. HIPAA mandates, among other things, the adoption of uniform standards for the electronic exchange of information in common healthcare transactions, as well as standards relating to the privacy and security of individually identifiable health information, which require the adoption of administrative, physical and technical safeguards to protect such information. In addition, many states have enacted comparable laws addressing the privacy and security of health information, some of which are more stringent than HIPAA.

While we currently expend significant resources to protect against cyber attacks and security breaches, we may need to expend additional significant resources in the future to continue to protect against potential security breaches or to address problems caused by such attacks or any breach of our safeguards. A party that is able to circumvent our security safeguards could, among other things, misappropriate or misuse sensitive or confidential information, user information or other proprietary information, cause significant interruptions in our operations and impair our ability to conduct our business, comply with regulations, and adversely impact our customers during the occurrence of any such incident.

If we market products in a manner that violates healthcare fraud and abuse laws, we may be subject to civil or criminal penalties.

We are subject to various federal and state laws pertaining to healthcare fraud and abuse. The federal healthcare program Anti-Kickback Statute prohibits, among other things, knowingly and willfully offering, paying, soliciting or receiving remuneration to induce or in return for purchasing, leasing, ordering or arranging for the purchase, lease or order of any healthcare item or service reimbursable under Medicare, Medicaid or other federally financed healthcare programs. This statute has been interpreted to apply to arrangements between pharmaceutical or medical device manufacturers, on the one hand, and prescribers, purchasers, formulary

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managers and other health care related professions, on the other hand. Based on legislative clarification, a person or entity is not required to have actual knowledge of this statute or specific intent in order to violate it. In addition, the government may assert that a claim including items or services resulting from a violation of the federal anti-kickback statute constitutes a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the false claims statutes. Although there are a number of statutory exemptions and regulatory safe harbors protecting certain common activities from prosecution, the exemptions and safe harbors are drawn narrowly, and practices that involve remuneration could be subject to scrutiny if they do not qualify for an exemption or safe harbor.

The Physician Payment Sunshine Act also imposes new reporting and disclosure requirements on device and drug manufacturers for any “transfer of value” made or distributed to prescribers and other healthcare providers. In addition, device and drug manufacturers will also be required to report and disclose any investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family members during the preceding calendar year. Failure to submit required information may result in significant civil monetary penalties. Manufacturers were required to begin data collection on August 1, 2013 and report such data to CMS by March 31, 2014 and by the 90^th day of each subsequent calendar year.

Federal false claims laws prohibit any person from knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, a false claim for payment to the federal government, or knowingly making, or causing to be made, a false statement to get a claim paid. Pharmaceutical companies have been prosecuted under these laws for a variety of alleged promotional and marketing activities, including reporting to pricing services inflated average wholesale prices that were then used by federal programs to set reimbursement rates and engaging in off-label promotion that caused claims to be submitted to Medicaid for non-covered off-label uses.

HIPAA created two new federal crimes: healthcare fraud and false statements relating to healthcare matters. The healthcare fraud statute prohibits knowingly and willfully executing a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program, including private payors. The false statements statute prohibits knowingly and willfully falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact or making any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statement in connection with the delivery of or payment for healthcare benefits, items or services.

The majority of states also have statutes or regulations similar to these federal laws, which apply to items and services reimbursed under Medicaid and other state programs, or, in several states, apply regardless of the payor. In addition, some states, including California, have laws and regulations that require pharmaceutical companies to adopt comprehensive compliance programs. We have adopted and implemented a compliance program which we believe satisfies the requirements of these laws, regulations and industry codes.

Sanctions under these federal and state laws may include civil monetary penalties, mandatory compliance programs, exclusion of a manufacturer’s products from reimbursement under government programs, criminal fines and imprisonment. Because of the breadth of these laws and the narrowness of the safe harbors, it is possible that some of our business activities could be subject to challenge under one or more of such laws. If our past or present operations are found to be in violation of any of the laws described above or other similar governmental regulations to which we are subject, we may be subject to the applicable penalty associated with the violation which could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results.

We remain subject to government investigations and related subpoenas. Such investigations and subpoenas are often associated with previously filed qui tam actions, or lawsuits filed under seal under the False Claims Act, or FCA, 31 U.S.C. § 3729 et seq. Qui tam actions are brought by private plaintiffs suing on behalf of the federal government for alleged FCA violations. We may currently be subject to investigation for alleged FCA violations pursuant to qui tam actions, which may be under full or partial seal. The time and expense associated with responding to such subpoenas, and any related qui tam or other actions, may be extensive, and we cannot predict the results of such actions. The costs of responding to government investigations, defending any claims raised, and any resulting fines, restitution, damages and penalties (including under the FCA), settlement payments or administrative actions, as well as any related actions brought by stockholders or other third parties, could have a material impact on our reputation, business and financial condition and divert the attention of our management from operating our business. For example, in September 2010, we announced that we reached a settlement with the Department of Justice regarding our alleged sales and marketing practices in connection with certain therapeutic uses of Botox^®. As part of the settlement, we entered into a five-year Corporate Integrity Agreement with the Office of Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services. Failure to comply with the terms of the Corporate Integrity Agreement could result in substantial civil or criminal penalties and being excluded from government health care programs, which could materially reduce our sales and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We could be adversely affected by violations of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other worldwide anti-bribery laws.

We are subject to the FCPA which generally prohibits companies and their intermediaries from making payments to non-U.S. government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or securing any other improper advantage. We are also subject to similar anti-bribery laws in the jurisdictions in which we operate, including the UK Bribery Act, which went into

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effect in the third quarter of 2011, which also prohibits commercial bribery and makes it a crime for companies to fail to prevent bribery. Although we have policies and procedures designed to ensure that we, our employees and our agents comply with the FCPA and similar laws, there is no assurance that such policies or procedures will protect us against liability under the FCPA or related laws for actions taken by our agents, employees and intermediaries with respect to our business. Failure to comply with the FCPA or related laws governing the conduct of business with foreign government entities could disrupt our business and lead to severe criminal and civil penalties, including criminal and civil fines, loss of our export licenses, suspension of our ability to do business with the federal government, denial of government reimbursement for our products and exclusion from participation in government healthcare programs. Other remedial measures could include further changes or enhancements to our procedures, policies, and controls and potential personnel changes and/or disciplinary actions, any of which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. We could also be adversely affected by any allegation that we violated such laws.

Illegal imports and counterfeit products may reduce demand for our products.

The illegal importation of counterfeit products and pharmaceutical and medical device products from countries where government price controls or other market dynamics result in lower prices may adversely affect our sales and profitability in the United States and other countries in which we operate. Foreign imports are illegal under current U.S. law, with the sole exception of limited quantities of prescription drugs imported for personal use. However, the volume of illegal imports continues to rise as the ability of patients and other customers to obtain these lower priced imports has grown significantly. In addition, U.S. policy makers may expand consumers’ ability to import lower priced versions of our products and competing products from Canada, where there are government price controls. Any future legislation or regulations that increase consumer access to lower priced medicines from outside the United States could adversely impact our revenues.

Litigation may harm our business or otherwise distract our management.

Substantial, complex or extended litigation is unpredictable and could cause us to incur large expenditures, affect our ability to market and distribute our products and distract our management. For example, lawsuits by employees, stockholders, customers or competitors could be very costly and substantially disrupt our business. Disputes from time to time with such companies or individuals are not uncommon, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to resolve disputes on favorable terms. See Item 3 of Part I of this report, “Legal Proceedings,” for information concerning our current litigation.

We may experience losses due to product liability claims, product recalls or corrections.

The design, development, manufacture and sale of our products involve an inherent risk of product liability or other claims by consumers and other third parties. We have been in the past, and continue to be, subject to various product liability lawsuits, product recalls and requirements to issue field corrections related to our products due to manufacturing deficiencies, labeling errors or other safety or regulatory reasons.

Our pharmaceutical and medical device products may cause, or may appear to cause, serious adverse side effects or potentially dangerous drug interactions if misused, improperly prescribed, improperly implanted or subject to faulty surgical technique. For example, the manufacture and sale of breast implant products has been and continues to be the subject of a significant number of product liability claims due to allegations that the medical devices cause disease or result in complications, rare lymphomas and other health conditions due to rupture, deflation or other product failure. In addition to product liability claims, in the event of a breast implant rupture or deflation that requires surgical intervention with respect to our breast implant products sold and implanted, our warranty programs may require us to replace the product. Furthermore, we face a substantial risk of product liability claims from our eye care, neuromodulator, urology, skin care and facial aesthetics products.

We are largely self-insured for future product liability losses related to all of our products. We have historically been and continue to be self-insured for any product liability losses related to our breast implant products. Our self-insurance program is based on historical loss trends, and we can provide no assurance that our self-insurance program accruals will be adequate to cover future losses, and our third-party insurance coverage may be inadequate to satisfy any other covered liabilities we might incur.

If third parties with whom we collaborate do not perform, we may not be able to develop and market products as anticipated.

We have entered into collaborative arrangements with third parties to develop, manufacture and market certain products. We cannot assure you that these collaborations will be successful, lead to additional sales of our products or lead to the creation of additional products. Our dependence on collaborative arrangements with third parties subjects us to a number of risks, including:


•	our inability to fully control the amount and timing of resources our collaborative partners may devote to products based on the collaboration, and our partners may choose to pursue alternative products to the detriment of our collaboration;

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•	counterparties may not perform their obligations as expected;


•	we could become involved in disputes with counterparties, which could lead to delays or termination of the collaborations and time-consuming and expensive litigation or arbitration; and


•	counterparties can terminate the collaboration agreement under certain circumstances.

Acquisitions of technologies, products, and businesses or the sale of our assets could disrupt our business, involve increased expenses and present risks not contemplated at the time of the transactions.

We regularly consider and, as appropriate, make acquisitions of technologies, products and businesses that we believe are complementary to our business. Acquisitions typically entail many risks and could result in difficulties in integrating the operations, personnel, technologies and products acquired, some of which may result in significant charges to earnings. Issues that must be addressed in acquiring and integrating the acquired technologies, products and businesses into our own include:


•	conforming standards, controls, procedures and policies, operating divisions, business cultures and compensation structures;


•	retaining key employees;


•	retaining existing customers and attracting new customers;


•	consolidating operational infrastructure, including information technology, accounting systems and administration;


•	mitigating the risk of unknown liabilities; and


•	managing tax costs or inefficiencies associated with integrating operations.

If we are unable to successfully integrate our acquisitions with our existing business, we may not obtain the advantages that the acquisitions were intended to create, which may materially adversely affect our business, and our ability to develop and introduce new products. Actual costs and sales synergies, if achieved at all, may be lower than we expect and may take longer to achieve than we anticipate. Furthermore, the products of companies we acquire may overlap with our products or those of our customers, creating conflicts with existing relationships or with other commitments that are detrimental to the integrated businesses.

We may not complete acquisitions in a timely manner, on a cost-effective basis, or at all, which could cause the market value of our common stock to decline. The failure to consummate an acquisition may be caused by, among other reasons, occurrence of a material adverse change of the company we propose to acquire or an order to restrain, enjoin or prohibit the transaction is made by a court or other governmental entity.

As part of our business strategy, we may also sell some of our assets. There can be no assurance that any such sale will be completed in a timely manner, on a cost-effective basis, on terms favorable to us, or at all. The sale of assets typically entails numerous potential risks, including:


•	diversion of resources and management’s attention from the operation of the business;


•	loss of key employees following such a transaction;


•	insufficient proceeds to offset transaction related expenses;


•	negative effects on our reported results of operations from disposition-related charges, amortization of expenses related to intangibles and charges for impairment of long-term assets; and


•	damage to our existing customer and supplier relationships.

Adverse U.S. or international economic conditions may negatively affect our business.

Adverse U.S. or international economic conditions or a decline of global or country-specific financial markets may reduce consumer demand for our products. Many of our products have limited reimbursement or are not reimbursable by governmental or other healthcare plans. Instead, these products are partially or wholly paid for directly by the consumer. Adverse economic and market conditions could also have a negative impact on our business by negatively affecting the parties with whom we do business, including among others, our customers, suppliers, wholesale distributors, creditors, collaboration partners and other third parties with whom we do business.

We also collect and pay a substantial portion of our sales and expenditures in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. We routinely monitor our transaction exposure to currency rates and implement certain economic hedging strategies to limit such exposure; however, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates, including a currency devaluation in one or more foreign

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countries, could have a material negative impact on our results of operations and financial condition. We cannot assure you that future exchange rate movements, inflation or other related factors will not have a material adverse impact on our business.

In addition, our business is subject to certain risks inherent in international business, many of which are beyond our control. These risks include, among other things:


•	reductions in the reimbursement amounts we receive for our products from foreign governments and foreign insurance providers;


•	unexpected changes in foreign regulatory requirements, including quality standards and other certification requirements;


•	adverse changes in trade protection measures, including tariffs and export license requirements;


•	availability of foreign exchange for imports; and


•	difficulties in coordinating and managing foreign operations, including ensuring that foreign operations comply with foreign laws as well as U.S. laws applicable to U.S. companies with foreign operations, such as export laws and the FCPA.

Unanticipated changes in our tax rates or exposure to additional income tax liabilities could affect our profitability.

We are subject to income taxes in both the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Our effective tax rate could be adversely affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with different statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, changes in tax laws and regulations, changes in our interpretations of tax laws, including pending tax law changes, changes in our manufacturing activities and changes in our future levels of research and development spending. In that regard, there have been a number of recent proposals, including by Congress and the Treasury as well as various government appointed and outside commissions, that could substantially impact the U.S. taxation of U.S. based multinational corporations such as Allergan. In addition, certain U.S. federal income tax provisions, including a research and development tax credit that provides a tax benefit on certain research and development expenditures, expired at the end of 2014, and it is unclear whether Congress will extend the applicability of such provisions into future years. The permanent loss of the research and development tax credit would adversely affect our effective tax rate and our profitability.

We generally do not collect or pay state sales or other tax on sales of certain products, including Botox^®, Botox^® Cosmetic, our dermal fillers and breast implants. Changes in applicable tax laws that require us to collect and pay state sales or other taxes, and penalties, associated with prior, current or future years on sales of these products could adversely affect our sales and profitability due to the increased cost associated with those products.

In addition, we are subject to the continuous examination of our income tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service and other local, state and foreign tax authorities. We regularly assess the likelihood of outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our estimated income tax liabilities. There can be no assurance that the outcomes from these continuous examinations will not have an adverse effect on our provision for income taxes and estimated income tax liabilities.

The terms of our debt agreements impose restrictions on our business.

Our indebtedness may limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate and, consequently, place us at a competitive disadvantage to our competitors. The operating and financial restrictions and covenants in our debt agreements may adversely affect our ability to finance future operations or capital needs or to engage in new business activities. For example, our debt agreements restrict our ability to, among other things, incur liens or engage in sale lease-back transactions and engage in consolidations, mergers and asset sales.

In addition, our debt agreements include financial covenants that we maintain certain financial ratios. As a result of these covenants and ratios, we have certain limitations on the manner in which we can conduct our business, and we may be restricted from engaging in favorable business activities or financing future operations or capital needs. Accordingly, these restrictions may limit our ability to successfully operate our business. Failure to comply with the financial covenants or to maintain the financial ratios contained in our debt agreements could result in an event of default that could trigger acceleration of our indebtedness. We cannot assure you that our future operating results will be sufficient to ensure compliance with the covenants in our debt agreements or to remedy any such default. In addition, in the event of any default and related acceleration of obligations, we may not have or be able to obtain sufficient funds to make any accelerated payments.

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Failure to retain, motivate and recruit executives and other key employees may negatively affect our business.

We must continue to retain, motivate and recruit executives and other key employees. A failure by us to retain and motivate executives and other key employees could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations and could cause the market value of our common stock to decline.

We are exposed to the risk of environmental liabilities.

Our product development programs and manufacturing processes involve the controlled use of hazardous materials, chemicals and toxic compounds. These programs and processes expose us to risks that an accidental contamination could lead to noncompliance with environmental laws, regulatory enforcement actions and claims for personal injury and property damage. In addition, we may be subject to clean-up obligations, damages and fines related to the discharge of hazardous materials, chemicals and toxic compounds on our properties whether or not we knew of, or were responsible for, the contamination. For example, in connection with the acquisition and ownership of our properties, we may be potentially liable for environmental clean-up costs.

Environmental laws also may impose restrictions on the manner in which our products are manufactured or formulated and on how our properties may be used or our business may be operated. Environmental laws provide for sanctions in the event of noncompliance and may be enforced by governmental agencies or, in certain circumstances, by private parties. Any costs or expenses relating to environmental matters may not be covered by insurance and, accordingly, may have a material and adverse impact on our business.

Natural disasters and geo-political events could adversely affect our business.

We are a global company with sales and marketing subsidiaries in approximately 40 countries and are present in over 100 countries, as supplemented by distributors. The occurrence of one or more natural disasters, such as earthquakes, tsunamis, hurricanes, floods and tornados, or severe changes in geo-political events, such as wars, civil unrest or terrorist attacks in a country in which we operate or in which our suppliers or distributors are located, could adversely affect our business and financial performance. Such events could result in physical damage to, or the complete loss of, properties or assets that are important to us or to our suppliers or distributors, changes in consumers’ income or purchasing patterns, temporary or long-term disruption in the supply of products to us, or disruption in the distribution of our products. Any such events and their consequences are unpredictable and could disrupt our operations or the operations of our suppliers or distributors and could have a significant and adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

Our stock price is volatile.

Our stock price, like that of our peers in the biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries, is volatile. Our revenues and operating results may fluctuate from period to period for a number of reasons. Events such as a delay in product development or even a relatively small revenue shortfall may cause financial results for a period to be below our expectations or projections. As a result, our revenues and operating results and, in turn, our stock price may be subject to significant fluctuations. Our stock price is also subject to fluctuation based on a variety of external factors unrelated to our revenues or operating results.

Our publicly filed SEC reports may be reviewed by the SEC.

The reports of publicly traded companies are subject to review by the SEC from time to time for the purpose of assisting companies in complying with applicable disclosure requirements and to enhance the overall effectiveness of companies’ public filings, and comprehensive reviews of such reports are now required at least every three years under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The SEC reviews may be initiated at any time. While we believe that our previously filed SEC reports comply, and we intend that all future reports will comply in all material respects with the published rules and regulations of the SEC, we could be required to modify or reformulate information contained in prior filings as a result of an SEC review. Any modification or reformulation of information contained in such reports could be significant and could result in material liability to us and have a material adverse impact on the market value of our common stock.

Failure to effectively implement organizational changes could adversely affect our business.

From time to time, we undertake organizational changes, including restructuring actions, to support or execute our strategic objectives. A failure to successfully implement these changes could adversely affect our business plans and results of operations. For example, we may not achieve or sustain the expected growth or cost savings benefits of organizational changes, and restructuring charges could differ materially in amount and timing from our expectations.

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Risks Related to Our Pending Merger with Actavis

The anticipated benefits of the Actavis Merger may not be realized or those benefits may take longer to realize than expected.

The success of the proposed acquisition of the Company by Actavis plc, or the Actavis Merger, will depend, to a large extent, on the ability of Actavis plc, or Actavis, to integrate the two organizations and businesses. The combination of two independent businesses is a complex, costly and time-consuming process. As a result, we and Actavis will be required to devote significant management attention and resources prior to closing to prepare for integrating, and Actavis will be required to devote significant management attention and resources post-closing to integrate the business practices and operations of both organizations. The integration process may disrupt the businesses and, if implemented ineffectively, would restrict the realization of the full expected benefits. The failure to meet the challenges involved in integrating the two businesses and to realize the anticipated benefits of the transactions could cause an interruption of, or a loss of momentum in, the activities of the combined company and could adversely affect the results of operations of the combined company. In addition, the overall integration of the businesses may result in material unanticipated problems, expenses, liabilities, competitive responses, loss of customer and other business relationships, and diversion of management’s attention. The difficulties of combining the operations of the companies include, among others:


•	the diversion of management’s attention to integration matters;


•	difficulties in achieving anticipated cost savings, synergies, business opportunities and growth;


•	prospects from the combination;


•	difficulties in the integration of operations and systems;


•	conforming standards, controls, procedures and accounting and other policies, business cultures and compensation structures between the two companies;


•	difficulties in the assimilation of employees;


•	difficulties in managing the expanded operations of a significantly larger and more complex company;


•	challenges in keeping existing customers and obtaining new customers;


•	potential unknown liabilities, adverse consequences and unforeseen increased expenses associated with the Actavis Merger;


•	challenges in attracting and retaining key personnel; and


•	coordinating a geographically dispersed organization.

Many of these factors will be outside of our control and any one of them could result in increased costs, decreases in the amount of expected revenues and diversion of management’s time and energy, which could materially impact the business, financial condition and results of operations of the combined company. In addition, even if our operations are integrated successfully with Actavis, the full benefits of the transactions may not be realized, including the synergies, cost savings or sales or growth opportunities that are expected. These benefits may not be achieved within the anticipated time frame, or at all. Further, additional unanticipated costs may be incurred in the integration of our business with Actavis. All of these factors could cause dilution to the earnings per share of Actavis, decrease or delay the expected accretive effect of the transactions, and negatively impact the price of Actavis ordinary shares. As a result, it cannot be assured that our combination with Actavis will result in the realization of the full benefits anticipated from the transactions contemplated by the Actavis Merger Agreement.

We will incur costs as a result of the Actavis Merger.

We will incur substantial expenses in connection with and as a result of completing the Actavis Merger and, over a period of time following the completion of the Actavis Merger. While we have assumed that a certain level of transaction expenses will be incurred, factors beyond our control could affect the total amount or the timing of these expenses. Many of the expenses that will be incurred, by their nature, are difficult to estimate accurately.

Our stockholders cannot be sure of the market price of the Actavis ordinary shares they will receive as a portion of the Actavis Merger consideration.

As a result of the Actavis Merger, each issued and outstanding share of our common stock, other than excluded shares and dissenting shares, will be converted into the right to receive 0.3683 of an Actavis ordinary share and $129.22 in cash, without interest. The market price of Actavis ordinary shares which our stockholders will receive, are subject to general price fluctuations in the market for publicly traded equity securities and have experienced volatility in the past. Stock price changes may result from a variety of factors, including general market and economic conditions and changes in the respective businesses, operations and prospects, and regulatory considerations of Actavis. Market assessments of the benefits of the Actavis Merger and the likelihood

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that the Actavis Merger will be completed, as well as the terms of Actavis’ debt financing and general and industry specific market and economic conditions, may also impact market prices of Actavis ordinary shares. Equity offerings that Actavis intends to partially finance the Actavis Merger may also cause the share price of Actavis ordinary shares to decrease.

We and Actavis must obtain required approvals and consents to consummate the Actavis Merger, which if delayed or not granted or granted with unacceptable conditions, may prevent, delay or jeopardize the consummation of the Actavis Merger, result in additional expenditures of money and resources and/or reduce the anticipated benefits of the Actavis Merger.

The Merger is subject to customary closing conditions. These closing conditions include, among others, the receipt of required approvals by the Actavis shareholders and our stockholders, the clearances of the Actavis Merger by certain governmental and regulatory authorities, including multiple governmental and regulatory authorities, and the expiration or termination of applicable waiting periods under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended, or HSR Act, and the antitrust and competition laws of certain foreign countries under which filings or approvals are or may be required. On January 9, 2015, the U.S. Federal Trade Commission granted early termination of the waiting period under the HSR Act, satisfying one of the regulatory conditions required to close the Actavis Merger. The governmental agencies with which the parties will make these filings and seek certain of these approvals and consents have broad discretion in administering the governing regulations. We can provide no assurance that all required approvals and consents will be obtained. Moreover, as a condition to their approval of the transaction, certain governmental agencies may impose requirements, limitations or costs or require divestitures or place restrictions on the conduct of the business of the combined company after the closing of the Actavis Merger. Any one of these requirements, limitations, costs, divestitures or restrictions could jeopardize or delay the effective time of the Actavis Merger or reduce the anticipated benefits of the transaction. Further, no assurance can be given that the required Actavis shareholder and Allergan stockholder approvals will be obtained or that the required closing conditions will be satisfied, and, if all required consents and approvals are obtained and the closing conditions are satisfied, no assurance can be given as to the terms, conditions and timing of the approvals or clearances. If we and Actavis agree to any material requirements, limitations, costs, divestitures or restrictions in order to obtain any approvals or clearances required to consummate the transaction, these requirements, limitations, costs, divestitures or restrictions could adversely affect Actavis’ ability to integrate our operations with their operations and/or reduce the anticipated benefits of the transactions. This could result in a failure to consummate the transactions or have a material adverse effect on the business and results of operations of the combined company.

Our stockholders will have a reduced ownership and voting interest after the Actavis Merger and will exercise less influence over management.

Our stockholders currently have the right to vote in the election of our board of directors and on other matters affecting us. Upon the completion of the Actavis Merger, each of our stockholders will become a shareholder of Actavis with a percentage ownership of Actavis that is smaller than the stockholder’s prior percentage ownership of us. Because of this, our stockholders will have less influence on the management and policies of Actavis than they now have on our management and policies.

While the Actavis Merger is pending, we are subject to business uncertainties that could adversely affect our business.

Uncertainty about the effect of the Actavis Merger on employees, customers and suppliers may have an adverse effect on us. These uncertainties may impair our ability to attract, retain and motivate key personnel until the Actavis Merger is consummated and for a period of time thereafter, and could cause customers, suppliers and others who deal with us to seek to change existing business relationships with us. Employee retention may be challenging during the pendency of the Actavis Merger, as certain employees may experience uncertainty about their future roles. If key employees depart because of issues related to the uncertainty and difficulty of integration or a desire not to remain with the businesses, the business of the combined company following the Actavis Merger could be seriously harmed. In addition, the Actavis Merger Agreement restricts us from taking specified actions until the Actavis Merger occurs without the consent of the other party. These restrictions may prevent us from pursuing attractive business opportunities that may arise prior to the completion of the Actavis Merger.

Our directors and officers may have interests in the Actavis Merger different from the interests of our stockholders.

Certain of our directors and executive officers negotiated the terms of the Actavis Merger Agreement, and our board of directors approved the Actavis Merger Agreement and recommended that our stockholders vote in favor of the Actavis Merger. These directors and executive officers may have interests in the Actavis Merger that are different from, or in addition to, those of our stockholders generally. These interests include, but are not limited to, the continued employment of certain of our executive officers by Actavis, the continued service of certain of our directors as directors of Actavis, the treatment in the Actavis Merger of stock options, restricted stock, restricted stock units, bonus awards, change of control employment agreements and other rights held by our directors and executive officers, and provisions in the Actavis Merger Agreement regarding continued indemnification of and advancement of expenses to our directors and officers.

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The Merger Agreement contains provisions that restrict our ability to pursue alternatives to the Actavis Merger and, in specified circumstances, could require us to pay Actavis a termination fee of up to $2.1 billion.

Under the Actavis Merger Agreement, we are restricted, subject to certain exceptions, from soliciting, initiating, knowingly encouraging or facilitating, discussing or negotiating, or furnishing information with regard to, any inquiry, proposal or offer for a competing acquisition proposal. Under certain circumstances, we may terminate the Actavis Merger Agreement in order to enter into an agreement with respect to a superior proposal, if our board of directors (after consultation with our financial advisors and legal counsel) determines that such proposal is more favorable to our stockholders (taking into account any changes to the Actavis Merger Agreement proposed by Actavis within four business days of Actavis’ receipt of the terms of such proposal, or within three business days of Actavis’ receipt of any material amendment to such proposal) than the Actavis Merger. If our board of directors recommends such superior proposal to our stockholders but does not terminate the Actavis Merger Agreement, Actavis would be entitled to terminate the Actavis Merger Agreement. Under either of these circumstances, we would be required to pay Actavis a termination fee equal to $2.1 billion. In the event the Actavis Merger Agreement is terminated due to the failure of our stockholders to adopt the Actavis Merger Agreement at the Allergan special meeting, we would be required to pay Actavis for up to $680 million of Actavis’ expenses related to the transactions contemplated by the Actavis Merger Agreement. These provisions could discourage a third party that may have an interest in acquiring all or a significant part of us from considering or proposing that acquisition, even if such third party were prepared to enter into a transaction that would be more favorable to us than the Actavis Merger, or might result in a third party proposing to pay a lower price than it might otherwise have proposed to pay because of the added expense of the termination fee or expense reimbursement that may become payable in certain circumstances.

Termination of the Actavis Merger Agreement could negatively affect us.

Our business may have been adversely impacted by the failure to pursue other beneficial opportunities due to the focus of management on the Actavis Merger, without realizing any of the anticipated benefits of completing the Actavis Merger. If the Actavis Merger Agreement is terminated, the market price of our common stock may decline to the extent that the current market price reflects a market assumption that the Actavis Merger will be completed.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2. Properties

Our operations are conducted in owned and leased facilities located throughout the world. We believe our present facilities are adequate for our current needs. Our headquarters and primary administrative and research facilities, which we own, are located in Irvine, California. We own and lease additional facilities in California to provide administrative, research and raw material support, manufacturing, warehousing and distribution. We own two facilities in Texas for manufacturing and warehousing. We produce clinical and commercial supplies of biodegradable silk-based scaffolds at a leased facility in Massachusetts, and we conduct operations related to the filling of aerosol canisters in a leased facility in Medford, Massachusetts. In 2012, we opened a new leased research and development facility in Bridgewater, New Jersey and a leased commercial administrative center in Austin, Texas.

Outside of the United States, we own, lease and operate various facilities for manufacturing and warehousing. Those facilities are located in Brazil, Costa Rica, France and Ireland. Other material facilities include leased facilities for administration in Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, Spain and the United Kingdom.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

Certain of the legal proceedings in which we are involved are discussed in Note 13, “Commitments and Contingencies,” to our Consolidated Financial Statements in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and are hereby incorporated by reference.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not Applicable.

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PART II


Item 5.	Market For Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Market Information

The following graph compares the cumulative 5-year total return attained by stockholders on Allergan, Inc.'s common stock relative to the cumulative total returns of the S&P 500 index and two customized peer groups of twelve and fifteen companies listed in footnote1 and 2 below. The graph tracks the performance of a $100 investment in our common stock, in each index and in the peer group (with the reinvestment of all dividends) from 12/31/2009 to 12/31/2014.

(1)The twelve companies included in the company's old customized peer group are: Abbott Laboratories, Amgen Inc., Biogen Idec Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb Co, Celgene Corp, Eli Lilly And Co, Endo International Plc, Gilead Sciences Inc., Johnson & Johnson, St. Jude Medical Inc., Stryker Corp and Valeant Pharmaceuticals International Inc.

(2)The fifteen companies included in the company's new customized peer group are: Abbott Laboratories, Abbvie Inc., Actavis Plc, Alexion Pharmaceuticals Inc., Amgen Inc., Biogen Idec Inc., Bristol-Myers Squibb Co, Celgene Corp, Eli Lilly And Co, Endo International Plc, Gilead Sciences Inc., Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., St. Jude Medical Inc., Stryker Corp and Valeant Pharmaceuticals International Inc.

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	12/09	12/10	12/11	12/12	12/13	12/14

Allergan, Inc.	100.00	109.33	140.04	146.74	178.05	341.20
S&P 500	100.00	115.06	117.49	136.30	180.44	205.14
Old Peer Group	100.00	100.52	118.45	141.77	212.21	262.73
New Peer Group	100.00	102.47	126.34	159.97	251.12	323.32

The stock price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance.

The following table shows the quarterly price range of our common stock and the cash dividends declared per share of common stock during the periods listed.



	2014						2013
Calendar Quarter	Low		High		Div.		Low		High		Div.
First	$	109.64	$	132.04	$	0.05	$	92.19	$	112.30	$	0.05
Second	115.94		174.49		0.05		81.33		116.45		0.05
Third	151.11		181.94		0.05		82.56		93.25		0.05
Fourth	167.48		214.66		0.05		88.34		111.45		0.05

Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is traded under the symbol “AGN.”

The approximate number of stockholders of record of our common stock was 4,019 as of January 22, 2015.

On February 2, 2015, our Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.05 per share, payable March 20, 2015 to stockholders of record on February 27, 2015.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The information included under Item 12 of Part III of this report, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters,” is hereby incorporated by reference into this Item 5 of Part II of this report.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table discloses the purchases of our equity securities during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2014.



Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased (1)	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs (1)	Maximum Number (or Approximate Dollar Value) of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs (2)
October 1, 2014 to October 31, 2014	4,006	$	184.30	—	8,692,770
November 1, 2014 to November 30, 2014	10,087	191.92		—	9,755,351
December 1, 2014 to December 31, 2014	6,624	211.70		—	10,026,824
Total	20,717	$	196.77	—	N/A

——————————

(1)

We maintain an evergreen stock repurchase program, which we first announced on September 28, 1993. Under the stock repurchase program, we may maintain up to 18.4 million repurchased shares in our treasury account at any one time. At December 31, 2014, we held approximately 8.4 million treasury shares under this program. Pursuant to our evergreen stock repurchase program, we entered into certain stock repurchase plans that authorized our brokers to purchase our common stock traded in the open market. The terms of the plans set forth an aggregate maximum limit of 6.0 million shares to be repurchased in the first half of 2014, and the aggregate maximum limit of the plans has been satisfied. During the fourth fiscal quarter of 2014, the difference between total number of shares purchased and total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced plans or programs is due to shares of common stock withheld by us to satisfy tax withholding obligations related to vested employee restricted stock awards.


(2)	The share numbers reflect the maximum number of shares that may be purchased under our stock repurchase program and are as of the end of each of the respective periods.

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Item 6.	Selected Financial Data

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA



	Year Ended December 31,
	2014			2013			2012			2011			2010
	(in millions, except per share data)
Summary of Operations
Product net sales	$	7,126.1		$	6,197.5		$	5,549.3		$	5,144.0		$	4,819.6
Other revenues	111.8			102.9			97.3			72.0			99.8
Total revenues	7,237.9			6,300.4			5,646.6			5,216.0			4,919.4
Operating costs and expenses:
Cost of sales (excludes amortization of intangible assets)	842.4			795.8			751.2			718.0			722.0
Selling, general and administrative	2,837.2			2,519.4			2,193.1			2,158.3			2,017.6
Research and development	1,191.6			1,042.3			977.3			871.5			804.6
Amortization of intangible assets	112.4			116.7			90.2			86.1			138.0
Legal settlement	—			—			—			—			609.2
Impairment of intangible assets and related costs	—			11.4			22.3			7.6			369.1
Restructuring charges (reversal)	245.0			5.5			1.5			(0.1		)	0.3
Operating income	2,009.3			1,809.3			1,611.0			1,374.6			258.6
Non-operating expense	(20.0		)	(78.5		)	(80.0		)	(65.4		)	(87.8		)
Earnings from continuing operations before income taxes	1,989.3			1,730.8			1,531.0			1,309.2			170.8
Earnings from continuing operations	1,532.6			1,272.5			1,100.7			949.6			4.9
(Loss) earnings from discontinued operations	(3.8		)	(283.8		)	1.8			(11.5		)	—
Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest	4.6			3.6			3.7			3.6			4.3
Net earnings attributable to Allergan, Inc.	$	1,524.2		$	985.1		$	1,098.8		$	934.5		$	0.6

Basic earnings per share attributable to Allergan, Inc. stockholders:
Continuing operations	$	5.13		$	4.28		$	3.64		$	3.11		$	0.00
Discontinued operations	(0.01		)	(0.96		)	—			(0.04		)	—
Diluted earnings per share attributable to Allergan, Inc. stockholders:
Continuing operations	$	5.03		$	4.20		$	3.57		$	3.05		$	0.00
Discontinued operations	(0.02		)	(0.94		)	0.01			(0.04		)	—

Cash dividends per share	$	0.20		$	0.20		$	0.20		$	0.20		$	0.20

Financial Position
Current assets	$	6,871.2		$	5,319.7		$	4,934.9		$	4,048.3		$	3,993.7
Working capital	5,313.9			4,075.4			3,839.4			3,093.3			2,465.3
Total assets	12,415.7			10,574.3			9,179.3			8,508.6			8,308.1
Long-term debt, excluding current portion	2,085.3			2,098.3			1,512.4			1,515.4			1,534.2
Total stockholders’ equity	7,753.0			6,463.2			5,837.1			5,309.6			4,757.7

On December 2, 2013, we completed the sale of our obesity intervention business and have retrospectively adjusted the information included in the summary of operations for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 and the information included in the financial position as of December 31, 2012 to reflect the obesity intervention business as discontinued operations. Based on an accounting policy election, we did not retrospectively adjust the information included in the summary of operations for the year ended December 31, 2010 and the information included in the financial position as of December 31, 2011 and 2010.

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Item 7.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This financial review presents our operating results for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014, and our financial condition at December 31, 2014. Except for the historical information contained herein, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements which are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We discuss such risks, uncertainties and other factors throughout this report and specifically under Item 1A of Part I of this report, “Risk Factors.” In addition, the following review should be read in connection with the information presented in our consolidated financial statements and the related notes to our consolidated financial statements.

Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation and presentation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP, requires us to establish policies and to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements. In our judgment, the accounting policies, estimates and assumptions described below have the greatest potential impact on our consolidated financial statements. Accounting assumptions and estimates are inherently uncertain and actual results may differ materially from our estimates.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue from product sales when goods are shipped and title and risk of loss transfer to our customers. A substantial portion of our revenue is generated by the sale of specialty pharmaceutical products (primarily eye care pharmaceuticals and skin care and other products) to wholesalers within the United States, and we have a policy to attempt to maintain average U.S. wholesaler inventory levels at an amount less than eight weeks of our net sales. A portion of our revenue is generated from consigned inventory of breast implants maintained at physician, hospital and clinic locations. These customers are contractually obligated to maintain a specific level of inventory and to notify us upon the use of consigned inventory. Revenue for consigned inventory is recognized at the time we are notified by the customer that the product has been used. Notification is usually through the replenishing of the inventory, and we periodically review consignment inventories to confirm the accuracy of customer reporting.

We generally offer cash discounts to customers for the early payment of receivables. Those discounts are recorded as a reduction of revenue and accounts receivable in the same period that the related sale is recorded. The amounts reserved for cash discounts were $7.5 million and $6.3 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Provisions for cash discounts deducted from consolidated sales in 2014, 2013 and 2012 were $87.2 million, $76.9 million and $69.2 million, respectively.

We permit returns of product from most product lines by any class of customer if such product is returned in a timely manner, in good condition and from normal distribution channels. Return policies in certain international markets and for certain medical device products, primarily breast implants, provide for more stringent guidelines in accordance with the terms of contractual agreements with customers. Our estimates for sales returns are based upon the historical patterns of product returns matched against sales, and management’s evaluation of specific factors that may increase the risk of product returns. The amount of allowances for sales returns recognized in our consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2014 and 2013 were $83.4 million and $84.4 million, respectively, and are recorded in “Other accrued expenses” and “Trade receivables, net” in our consolidated balance sheets. See Note 5, “Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions” in the notes to our consolidated financial statements listed under Item 15 of Part IV of this report, “Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.” Provisions for sales returns deducted from consolidated sales were $447.5 million, $465.0 million and $408.3 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The decrease in the provisions for sales returns in 2014 compared to 2013 is primarily due to a decrease in estimated product sales return rates for our breast aesthetics products, partially offset by increased overall product sales volume. The increase in the provisions for sales returns in 2013 compared to 2012 is primarily due to increased overall product sales volume and an increase in estimated product sales return rates for our breast aesthetics products, partially offset by a decrease in estimated product sales return rates for our skin care and other products. Actual historical allowances for cash discounts and product returns have been consistent with the amounts reserved or accrued.

We participate in various U.S. federal and state government rebate programs, the largest of which are Medicaid, Medicare and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. We also have contracts with various managed care and group purchasing organizations that provide for sales rebates and other contractual discounts. In the United States, we also incur chargebacks, which are reimbursements to wholesalers for honoring contracted prices to third parties. Outside of the United States, we incur sales allowances based on contractual provisions and legislative mandates. We also offer rebate and other incentive programs directly to our customers for our aesthetic products and certain therapeutic products, including Botox^® for both therapeutic and cosmetic uses, the Juvéderm^® franchise, Latisse^®, Natrelle^®, Acuvail^®, Aczone^® and Restasis^®, and for certain other skin care products. Sales rebates and incentive accruals reduce revenue in the same period that the related sale is recorded and are included

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in “Other accrued expenses” in our consolidated balance sheets. The amounts accrued for sales rebates and other incentive programs were $372.1 million and $279.3 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

Provisions for sales rebates and other incentive programs deducted from consolidated sales were $1,471.1 million, $1,151.2 million and $933.4 in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The $319.9 million increase in the provisions for sales rebates and other incentive programs in 2014 is due to a $121.6 million increase in provisions for rebates associated with U.S. federal and state government programs, a $37.0 million increase in managed health care rebates and other contractual discounts, an $84.6 million increase in chargebacks, primarily due to increases in the list prices of certain eye care pharmaceuticals products that are subject to fixed contractual prices with government agencies, a $21.9 million increase in sales allowances outside of the United States and a $54.8 million increase in provisions for consumer coupons and other customer incentives. The $217.8 million increase in the provisions for sales rebates and other incentive programs in 2013 is due to a $97.6 million increase in provisions for rebates associated with U.S. federal and state government programs, an $18.9 million increase in managed health care rebates and other contractual discounts, a $27.0 million increase in chargebacks, a $24.2 million increase in sales allowances outside of the United States and a $50.1 million increase in provisions for consumer coupons and other customer incentives. The increase in the provisions for sales rebates and other incentive programs in 2014 compared to 2013 and the increase in the provisions for sales rebates and other incentive programs in 2013 compared to 2012 are primarily due to increased eye care pharmaceutical sales in the United States and a shift in U.S. patient populations to government reimbursed programs, which typically have higher rebate percentages than other managed care programs. Rebates related to the Medicare Part D coverage gap in the United States increased in 2014 compared to 2013, primarily due to higher estimated utilization rates. Rebates related to the Medicare Part D coverage gap in the United States increased in 2013 compared to 2012, which we believe was primarily due to an increase in patients covered under employer group waiver plans. In addition, an increase in our published list prices in the United States for pharmaceutical products, which occurred for several of our products in each of 2014 and 2013, generally results in higher provisions for sales rebates and other incentive programs deducted from consolidated sales.

Our procedures for estimating amounts accrued for sales rebates and other incentive programs at the end of any period are based on available quantitative data and are supplemented by management’s judgment with respect to many factors, including but not limited to, current market dynamics, changes in contract terms, changes in sales trends, an evaluation of current laws and regulations and product pricing. Quantitatively, we use historical sales, product utilization and rebate data and apply forecasting techniques in order to estimate our liability amounts. Qualitatively, management’s judgment is applied to these items to modify, if appropriate, the estimated liability amounts. There are inherent risks in this process. For example, customers may not achieve assumed utilization levels; customers may misreport their utilization to us; actual utilization and reimbursement rates under government rebate programs may differ from those estimated; and actual movements of the U.S. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers, or CPI-U, which affect our rebate programs with U.S. federal and state government agencies, may differ from those estimated. On a quarterly basis, adjustments to our estimated liabilities for sales rebates and other incentive programs related to sales made in prior periods have not been material and have generally been less than 0.5% of consolidated product net sales. An adjustment to our estimated liabilities of 0.5% of consolidated product net sales on a quarterly basis would result in an increase or decrease to net sales and earnings before income taxes of approximately $9.0 million to $10.0 million. The sensitivity of our estimates can vary by program and type of customer. Additionally, there is a significant time lag between the date we determine the estimated liability and when we actually pay the liability. Due to this time lag, we record adjustments to our estimated liabilities over several periods, which can result in a net increase to earnings or a net decrease to earnings in those periods. Material differences may result in the amount of revenue we recognize from product sales if the actual amount of rebates and incentives differ materially from the amounts estimated by management.

We recognize license fees, royalties and reimbursement income for services provided as other revenues based on the facts and circumstances of each contractual agreement. In general, we recognize income upon the signing of a contractual agreement that grants rights to products or technology to a third party if we have no further obligation to provide products or services to the third party after entering into the contract. We recognize contingent consideration earned from the achievement of a substantive milestone in its entirety in the period in which the milestone is achieved. We defer income under contractual agreements when we have further obligations that indicate that a separate earnings process has not been completed.

Contingent Consideration

Contingent consideration liabilities represent future amounts we may be required to pay in conjunction with various business combinations. The ultimate amount of future payments is based on specified future criteria, such as sales performance and the achievement of certain future development, regulatory and sales milestones and other contractual performance conditions. We estimate the fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities related to sales performance using the income approach, which involves forecasting estimated future net cash flows and discounting the net cash flows to their present value using a risk-adjusted rate of return. We estimate the fair value of the contingent consideration liabilities related to the achievement of future development and regulatory milestones by assigning an achievement probability to each potential milestone and discounting the associated cash payment to its present value using a risk-adjusted rate of return. We estimate the fair value of the contingent

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consideration liabilities associated with sales milestones by employing Monte Carlo simulations to estimate the volatility and systematic relative risk of revenues subject to sales milestone payments and discounting the associated cash payment amounts to their present values using a credit-risk-adjusted interest rate. The fair value of other contractual performance conditions is measured by assigning an achievement probability to each payment and discounting the payment to its present value using our estimated cost of borrowing. We evaluate our estimates of the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities on a periodic basis. Any changes in the fair value of contingent consideration liabilities are recorded through earnings as “Selling, general and administrative” in the accompanying consolidated statements of earnings. The total estimated fair value of contingent consideration liabilities was $365.9 million and $225.2 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, and was included in “Other accrued expenses” and “Other liabilities” in our consolidated balance sheets.

Pensions

We sponsor various pension plans in the United States and abroad in accordance with local laws and regulations. Our U.S. pension plans account for a large majority of our aggregate pension plans' net periodic benefit costs and projected benefit obligations. In connection with these plans, we use certain actuarial assumptions to determine the plans' net periodic benefit costs and projected benefit obligations, the most significant of which are the expected long-term rate of return on assets and the discount rate.

In October 2014, we announced that we had amended our U.S. qualified and unqualified defined benefit pension plans to close the plans to any future participant service credits (plan freeze) effective December 31, 2014. In December 2014, we announced that we had amended our Ireland and U.K. pension plans to close the plans to any future participant service credits effective December 31, 2014 and February 28, 2015, respectively. In conjunction with the plan freezes, we added one additional year of service credit to the calculation of benefits for all active members of the U.S., Ireland and U.K pension plans as of December 31, 2014. The effect of the plan amendments, the additional year of service credit and the related impact from severance actions associated with our 2014 restructuring plans resulted in a net decrease of $112.4 million in net accrued benefit costs on the balance sheet at December 31, 2014, a pre-tax settlement charge of $0.9 million and certain plan settlement payments of $2.2 million.

Additionally, in 2014 we initiated and completed a program to offer voluntary lump-sum pension payouts to terminated vested participants of our U.S. qualified defined benefit pension plan. The program provided participants with a one-time choice of electing to receive a lump-sum settlement of their remaining pension benefit. As part of this voluntary lump-sum program, we paid approximately $63.6 million from our pension assets with a corresponding reduction in pension obligations and recognized an associated $13.0 million settlement charge.

Our assumption for the weighted average expected long-term rate of return on assets in our U.S. funded pension plan for determining the net periodic benefit cost is 6.25% for 2014 and 2013 and 6.75% for 2012, respectively. Our assumptions for the weighted average expected long-term rate of return on assets in our non-U.S. funded pension plans are 4.56%, 4.36% and 4.80% for 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. For our U.S. funded pension plan, we determine, based upon recommendations from our pension plan's investment advisors, the expected rate of return using a building block approach that considers diversification and rebalancing for a long-term portfolio of invested assets. Our investment advisors study historical market returns and preserve long-term historical relationships between equities and fixed income in a manner consistent with the widely-accepted capital market principle that assets with higher volatility generate a greater return over the long run. They also evaluate market factors such as inflation and interest rates before long-term capital market assumptions are determined. For our non-U.S. funded pension plans, the expected rate of return was determined based on asset distribution and assumed long-term rates of return on fixed income instruments and equities. Market conditions and other factors can vary over time and could significantly affect our estimates of the weighted average expected long-term rate of return on plan assets. The expected rate of return is applied to the market-related value of plan assets. As a sensitivity measure, the effect of a 0.25% decline in our rate of return on assets assumptions for our U.S. and non-U.S. funded pension plans would increase our expected 2015 pre-tax pension benefit cost by approximately $2.4 million.

The weighted average discount rates used to calculate our U.S. and non-U.S. pension benefit obligations at December 31, 2014 were 4.21% and 2.64%, respectively, and at December 31, 2013 were 5.05% and 4.19%, respectively. The weighted average discount rates used to calculate our U.S. and non-U.S. net periodic benefit costs for 2014 were 5.05% and 4.19%, respectively, for 2013, 4.23% and 4.55%, respectively, and for 2012, 4.63% and 5.14%, respectively. We determine the discount rate based upon a hypothetical portfolio of high quality fixed income investments with maturities that mirror the pension benefit obligations at the plans' measurement date. Market conditions and other factors can vary over time and could significantly affect our estimates for the discount rates used to calculate our pension benefit obligations and net periodic benefit costs for future years. As a sensitivity measure, the effect of a 0.25% decline in the discount rate assumption for our U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans would increase our expected 2015 pre-tax pension benefit costs by approximately $1.0 million and increase our pension plans' projected benefit obligations at December 31, 2014 by approximately $66.5 million.

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Share-Based Compensation

We recognize compensation expense for all share-based awards made to employees and directors. The fair value of share-based awards is estimated at the grant date. The fair value of stock option awards that vest based on a service condition is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The fair value of share-based awards that contain a market condition is generally estimated using a Monte Carlo simulation model, and the fair value of modifications to share-based awards is generally estimated using a lattice model.

The determination of fair value using the Black-Scholes, Monte Carlo simulation and lattice models is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables, including expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, expected dividends and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors. We currently estimate stock price volatility based upon an equal weighting of the historical average over the expected life of the award and the average implied volatility of at-the-money options traded in the open market. We estimate employee stock option exercise behavior based on actual historical exercise activity and assumptions regarding future exercise activity of unexercised, outstanding options.

Compensation expense for share-based awards based solely on a service condition is recognized only for those awards that are ultimately expected to vest, and we have applied an estimated forfeiture rate to unvested awards for the purpose of calculating compensation cost. These estimates will be revised in future periods if actual forfeitures differ from the estimates. Changes in forfeiture estimates impact compensation cost in the period in which the change in estimate occurs. Compensation expense for share-based awards based on a service condition is recognized over the requisite service period using the straight-line single option method. Compensation expense for share-based awards that contain a market condition is recognized over the requisite service period and is not subject to forfeiture unless the requisite service is not rendered prior to satisfaction of the market condition.

Product Liability Self-Insurance

We are largely self-insured for future product liability losses related to all of our products. We have historically been and continue to be self-insured for any product liability losses related to our breast implant products. Future product liability losses are, by their nature, uncertain and are based upon complex judgments and probabilities. The factors to consider in developing product liability reserves include the merits and jurisdiction of each claim, the nature and the number of other similar current and past claims, the nature of the product use and the likelihood of settlement. In addition, we accrue for certain potential product liability losses estimated to be incurred, but not reported, to the extent they can be reasonably estimated. We estimate these accruals for potential losses based primarily on historical claims experience and data regarding product usage. The total value of self-insured product liability claims settled in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively, and the value of known and reasonably estimable incurred but unreported self-insured product liability claims pending as of December 31, 2014 are not expected to have a material effect on our results of operations or liquidity.

Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes is determined using an estimated annual effective tax rate, which is generally less than the U.S. federal statutory rate, primarily because of lower tax rates in certain non-U.S. jurisdictions, research and development, or R&D, tax credits available in the United States, California and other foreign jurisdictions and deductions available in the United States for domestic production activities. Our effective tax rate may be subject to fluctuations during the year as new information is obtained, which may affect the assumptions used to estimate the annual effective tax rate, including factors such as the mix of pre-tax earnings in the various tax jurisdictions in which we operate, valuation allowances against deferred tax assets, the recognition or derecognition of tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions, expected utilization of R&D tax credits and changes in or the interpretation of tax laws in jurisdictions where we conduct business. The Tax Increase Prevention Act of 2014 was enacted on December 19, 2014 and retroactively reinstated the U.S. R&D tax credit to January 1, 2014. In the fourth quarter of 2014, the Company recognized the full year benefit of $19.8 million for the U.S. R&D tax credit for fiscal year 2014. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities along with net operating loss and tax credit carryovers.

We record a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets to reduce the net carrying value to an amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. When we establish or reduce the valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, our provision for income taxes will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period such determination is made. Valuation allowances against deferred tax assets were $39.1 million and $48.9 million at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Changes in the valuation allowances are generally recognized in the provision for income taxes as a component of the estimated annual effective tax rate.

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We have not provided for withholding and U.S. taxes for the unremitted earnings of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries because we have currently reinvested these earnings indefinitely in these foreign operations. At December 31, 2014, we had approximately $4,485.3 million in unremitted earnings outside the United States for which withholding and U.S. taxes were not provided. Income tax expense would be incurred if these earnings were remitted to the United States. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of the deferred tax liability on such unremitted earnings. Upon remittance, certain foreign countries impose withholding taxes that are then available, subject to certain limitations, for use as credits against our U.S. tax liability, if any. We annually update our estimate of unremitted earnings outside the United States after the completion of each fiscal year.

Acquisitions

The accounting for acquisitions requires extensive use of estimates and judgments to measure the fair value of the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired, including in-process research and development, and liabilities assumed. Additionally, we must determine whether an acquired entity is considered to be a business or a set of net assets, because the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired can only be recognized as goodwill in a business combination.

On August 13, 2014, we acquired LiRIS Biomedical, Inc., or LiRIS, for $67.5 million in cash and estimated contingent consideration of $170.5 million as of the acquisition date. On March 1, 2013, we acquired MAP Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or MAP, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $871.7 million, net of cash acquired. On April 12, 2013, we acquired Exemplar Pharma, LLC, or Exemplar, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $16.1 million, net of cash acquired. We accounted for these acquisitions as business combinations. In March 2014, we completed the acquisition of certain assets related to technology under development for use as a dermal filler from Aline Aesthetics, LLC and Tautona Group, L.P. for an upfront payment of $10.0 million and potential future payments for certain milestone events. We accounted for this acquisition as a purchase of net assets. The tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with these acquisitions were recognized based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition dates. The determination of estimated fair values requires significant estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, determining the timing and estimated costs to complete the in-process projects, projecting regulatory approvals, estimating future cash flows and developing appropriate discount rates. We believe the estimated fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on reasonable assumptions.

Impairment Evaluations for Goodwill and Intangible Assets

We evaluate goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if we believe indicators of impairment exist. We have identified two reporting units, specialty pharmaceuticals and medical devices, and perform our annual evaluation as of October 1 each year.

For our specialty pharmaceuticals reporting unit, we performed a qualitative assessment to determine whether it is more likely than not that its fair value is less than its carrying amount. For our medical devices reporting unit, we evaluated goodwill for impairment by comparing its carrying value to its estimated fair value. We primarily use the income approach and the market approach that include the discounted cash flow method, the guideline company method, as well as other generally accepted valuation methodologies to determine the fair value. Upon completion of the October 2014 annual impairment assessment, we determined that no impairment was indicated.

As of December 31, 2014, we are not aware of any significant indicators of impairment that exist for our goodwill that would require additional analysis.

We also review intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of our intangible assets may not be recoverable. An impairment in the carrying value of an intangible asset is recognized whenever anticipated future undiscounted cash flows from an intangible asset are estimated to be less than its carrying value. As of December 31, 2014, we believe that the carrying values of our amortizable intangible assets are recoverable and the fair value exceeds the carrying value of our indefinite-lived in-process research and development intangible assets.

In the fourth quarter of 2013, we recorded a pre-tax charge of $11.4 million related to the impairment of an intangible asset for distribution rights acquired in connection with our 2011 acquisition of Precision Light, Inc. as a result of our decision to discontinue the sale of products related to those distribution rights.

In the fourth quarter of 2012, we recorded a pre-tax charge of $17.0 million related to the partial impairment of an indefinite-lived in-process research and development asset acquired in connection with our 2011 acquisition of Vicept Therapeutics, Inc., or Vicept. The impairment charge was recognized because the carrying amount of the asset was determined to be in excess of its estimated fair value.

Significant management judgment is required in the forecasts of future operating results that are used in our impairment evaluations. The estimates we have used are consistent with the plans and estimates that we use to manage our business. It is

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possible, however, that the plans may change and estimates used may prove to be inaccurate. If our actual results, or the plans and estimates used in future impairment analyses, are lower than the original estimates used to assess the recoverability of these assets, we could incur future impairment charges.

Continuing Operations

Headquartered in Irvine, California, we are a multi-specialty health care company focused on developing and commercializing innovative pharmaceuticals, biologics, medical devices and over-the-counter products that enable people to live life to its full potential — to see more clearly, move more freely and express themselves more fully. We discover, develop and commercialize a diverse range of products for the ophthalmic, neurological, medical aesthetics, medical dermatology, breast aesthetics, urological and other specialty markets in more than 100 countries around the world.

Results of Continuing Operations

We operate our business on the basis of two reportable segments — specialty pharmaceuticals and medical devices. The specialty pharmaceuticals segment produces a broad range of pharmaceutical products, including: ophthalmic products for dry eye, glaucoma, inflammation, infection, allergy and retinal disease; Botox^® for certain therapeutic and aesthetic indications; skin care products for acne, psoriasis, eyelash growth and other prescription and physician-dispensed skin care products; and urologics products. The medical devices segment produces a broad range of medical devices, including: breast implants for augmentation, revision and reconstructive surgery and tissue expanders; and facial aesthetics products. We provide global marketing strategy teams to coordinate the development and execution of a consistent marketing strategy for our products in all geographic regions that share similar distribution channels and customers.

Management evaluates our business segments and various global product portfolios on a revenue basis, which is presented below in accordance with GAAP. We also report sales performance using the non-GAAP financial measure of constant currency sales. Constant currency sales represent current period reported sales, adjusted for the translation effect of changes in average foreign exchange rates between the current period and the corresponding period in the prior year. We calculate the currency effect by comparing adjusted current period reported sales, calculated using the monthly average foreign exchange rates for the corresponding period in the prior year, to the actual current period reported sales. We routinely evaluate our net sales performance at constant currency so that sales results can be viewed without the impact of changing foreign currency exchange rates, thereby facilitating period-to-period comparisons of our sales. Generally, when the U.S. dollar either strengthens or weakens against other currencies, the growth at constant currency rates will be higher or lower, respectively, than growth reported at actual exchange rates.

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The following table compares net sales by product line within each reportable segment and certain selected pharmaceutical products for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:



	Year Ended December 31,						Change in Product Net Sales									Percent Change in Product Net Sales
	2014			2013			Total			Performance			Currency			Total		Performance		Currency
	(in millions)
Net Sales by Product Line:
Specialty Pharmaceuticals:
Eye Care Pharmaceuticals	$	3,257.9		$	2,890.3		$	367.6		$	407.1		$	(39.5	)	12.7	%	14.1	%	(1.4	)%
Botox^®/Neuromodulator	2,230.6			1,982.2			248.4			280.6			(32.2		)	12.5	%	14.2	%	(1.7	)%
Skin Care and Other	523.6			466.5			57.1			58.3			(1.2		)	12.2	%	12.5	%	(0.3	)%
Total Specialty Pharmaceuticals	6,012.1			5,339.0			673.1			746.0			(72.9		)	12.6	%	14.0	%	(1.4	)%
Medical Devices:
Breast Aesthetics	406.7			377.9			28.8			33.8			(5.0		)	7.6	%	8.9	%	(1.3	)%
Facial Aesthetics	661.8			477.5			184.3			199.4			(15.1		)	38.6	%	41.8	%	(3.2	)%
Core Medical Devices	1,068.5			855.4			213.1			233.2			(20.1		)	24.9	%	27.3	%	(2.4	)%
Other	45.5			3.1			42.4			42.4			—			N/A		N/A		N/A
Total Medical Devices	1,114.0			858.5			255.5			275.6			(20.1		)	29.8	%	32.1	%	(2.3	)%

Total product net sales	$	7,126.1		$	6,197.5		$	928.6		$	1,021.6		$	(93.0	)	15.0	%	16.5	%	(1.5	)%

Domestic product net sales	63.4		%	62.0		%
International product net sales	36.6		%	38.0		%

Selected Product Net Sales (a):
Alphagan^® P, Alphagan^® and Combigan^®	$	515.4		$	474.1		$	41.3		$	48.8		$	(7.5	)	8.7	%	10.3	%	(1.6	)%
Lumigan^® Franchise	662.6			625.3			37.3			42.4			(5.1		)	6.0	%	6.8	%	(0.8	)%
Total Glaucoma Products	1,186.3			1,108.5			77.8			90.5			(12.7		)	7.0	%	8.2	%	(1.2	)%
Restasis^®	1,083.7			940.0			143.7			149.4			(5.7		)	15.3	%	15.9	%	(0.6	)%
Latisse^®	98.6			100.0			(1.4		)	(0.4		)	(1.0		)	(1.4	)%	(0.4	)%	(1.0	)%
Total Specialty Pharmaceuticals and Core Medical Devices	7,080.6			6,194.4			886.2			979.2			(93.0		)	14.3	%	15.8	%	(1.5	)%

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	Year Ended December 31,						Change in Product Net Sales							Percent Change in Product Net Sales
	2013			2012			Total		Performance		Currency			Total		Performance		Currency
	(in millions)
Net Sales by Product Line:
Specialty Pharmaceuticals:
Eye Care Pharmaceuticals	$	2,890.3		$	2,692.2		$	198.1	$	216.2	$	(18.1	)	7.4	%	8.0	%	(0.6	)%
Botox^®/Neuromodulator	1,982.2			1,766.3			215.9		233.6		(17.7		)	12.2	%	13.2	%	(1.0	)%
Skin Care and Other	466.5			326.1			140.4		140.9		(0.5		)	43.1	%	43.2	%	(0.1	)%
Total Specialty Pharmaceuticals	5,339.0			4,784.6			554.4		590.7		(36.3		)	11.6	%	12.3	%	(0.7	)%
Medical Devices:
Breast Aesthetics	377.9			377.1			0.8		2.1		(1.3		)	0.2	%	0.6	%	(0.4	)%
Facial Aesthetics	477.5			387.6			89.9		93.4		(3.5		)	23.2	%	24.1	%	(0.9	)%
Core Medical Devices	855.4			764.7			90.7		95.5		(4.8		)	11.9	%	12.5	%	(0.6	)%
Other	3.1			—			3.1		3.1		—			N/A		N/A		N/A
Total Medical Devices	858.5			764.7			93.8		98.6		(4.8		)	12.3	%	12.9	%	(0.6	)%

Total product net sales	$	6,197.5		$	5,549.3		$	648.2	$	689.3	$	(41.1	)	11.7	%	12.4	%	(0.7	)%

Domestic product net sales	62.0		%	60.9		%
International product net sales	38.0		%	39.1		%

Selected Product Net Sales (a):
Alphagan^® P, Alphagan^® and Combigan^®	$	474.1		$	453.2		$	20.9	$	24.1	$	(3.2	)	4.6	%	5.3	%	(0.7	)%
Lumigan^® Franchise	625.3			622.6			2.7		1.7		1.0			0.4	%	0.3	%	0.1	%
Total Glaucoma Products	1,108.5			1,085.8			22.7		25.3		(2.6		)	2.1	%	2.3	%	(0.2	)%
Restasis^®	940.0			792.0			148.0		150.3		(2.3		)	18.7	%	19.0	%	(0.3	)%
Latisse^®	100.0			97.3			2.7		3.1		(0.4		)	2.7	%	3.2	%	(0.5	)%
Total Specialty Pharmaceuticals and Core Medical Devices	6,194.4			5,549.3			645.1		686.2		(41.1		)	11.6	%	12.4	%	(0.8	)%

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(a)	Percentage change in selected product net sales is calculated on amounts reported to the nearest whole dollar. Total glaucoma products include the Alphagan^® and Lumigan^® franchises.

Product Net Sales

Product net sales increased by $928.6 million in 2014 compared to 2013 due to an increase of $673.1 million in our specialty pharmaceuticals product net sales, an increase of $213.1 million in our core medical devices product net sales, and an increase of $42.4 million of sales made pursuant to transition services agreements with Apollo Endosurgery, Inc., or Apollo, related to the disposition of our obesity intervention business unit. The increase in specialty pharmaceuticals product net sales is due to increases in product net sales of our eye care pharmaceuticals, Botox^®, and skin care and other product lines. The increase in core medical devices product net sales reflects an increase in product net sales of our facial aesthetics and breast aesthetics product lines.

Several of our products, including Botox^® Cosmetic, Latisse^®, over-the-counter artificial tears, non-prescription aesthetics skin care products, facial aesthetics and breast implant products, as well as, in emerging markets, Botox^® for therapeutic use and eye care products, are purchased based on consumer choice and have limited reimbursement or are not reimbursable by government or other health care plans and are, therefore, partially or wholly paid for directly by the consumer. As such, the general economic environment and level of consumer spending have a significant effect on our sales of these products.

In the United States, sales of our products that are reimbursable by government health care plans continue to be significantly impacted by the provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Affordability Reconciliation Act, collectively, the PPACA, which extended Medicaid and Medicare benefits to new patient populations and increased Medicaid and Medicare rebates. Additionally, sales of our products in the United States that are

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reimbursed by managed care programs continue to be impacted by competitive pricing pressures. In Europe and some other international markets, sales of our products that are reimbursable by government health care plans continue to be impacted by mandatory price reductions, tenders and rebate increases.

Certain of our products face generic competition and our products also compete with generic versions of some branded pharmaceutical products sold by our competitors. A generic version of Latisse^®, our treatment for inadequate or insufficient eyelashes, was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, in December 2014, and we expect to face generic competition for Latisse^®in 2015. In October 2013, a generic version of Zymaxid^®, our fluoroquinolone indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis, was launched in the United States. In 2011, the U.S. patent for Tazorac^®cream, indicated for psoriasis and acne, expired. The U.S. patents for Tazorac^® gel expired in June 2014. The FDA has posted guidance regarding requirements for clinical bioequivalence for a generic of tazarotene cream, separately for both psoriasis and acne. We believe that this will require generic manufacturers to conduct a trial, at risk, for both indications.

In 2013, the FDA published draft guidance that proposes certain approaches for demonstrating bioequivalence in abbreviated new drug applications referring to the new drug application related to Restasis^®. In response to the draft guidance, we submitted a Citizen Petition to the FDA, which the FDA granted in-part and denied in-part in November 2014. In January 2014, we received a paragraph 4 Hatch-Waxman Act certification stating that Watson Laboratories, Inc., a division of Actavis plc, had submitted an abbreviated new drug application, or ANDA, to the FDA seeking approval to market a generic version of our Restasis^® product. In December 2014, the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, in relevant part, dismissed a related legal proceeding that a case or controversy was not ripe because the Watson ANDA had not been received by the FDA. Also in December 2014, we submitted a revised Citizen Petition to the FDA. There remains uncertainty as to the status of any ANDA filers with respect to Restasis^®. Since the FDA’s draft guidance was published in 2013, we have obtained four additional U.S. patents covering the specific formulation and the method of using our Restasis^® product.

Although generic competition in the United States negatively affected our aggregate product net sales in 2014, the impact was not material. We do not currently believe that our aggregate product net sales will be materially impacted in 2015 by generic competition, but we could experience a rapid and significant decline in net sales of certain products if we are unable to successfully maintain or defend our patents and patent applications relating to such products. For a more complete discussion of the risks relating to generic competition and patent protection, see Item 1A of Part I of this report, “Risk Factors - We may be unable to obtain and maintain adequate protection for our intellectual property rights.”

Eye care pharmaceuticals product net sales increased in 2014 compared to 2013 due to increases in the United States, Canada, Europe and Asia Pacific, partially offset by a decrease in sales in Latin America due primarily to the negative translation effect of average foreign currency exchange rates in effect during 2014 compared to 2013. When measured at constant currency, net sales of eye care pharmaceutical products in Latin America increased in 2014 compared to 2013.

The overall increase in total sales in dollars of our eye care pharmaceutical products in 2014 compared to 2013 is primarily due to an increase in sales of Restasis^®, our therapeutic treatment for chronic dry eye disease, an increase in sales of Ozurdex^®, our biodegradable, sustained-release steroid implant for the treatment of certain retinal diseases, an increase in sales of Ganfort^™, our Lumigan^® and timolol combination for the treatment of glaucoma, an increase in sales of our glaucoma products Lumigan^® 0.03%, Lumigan^® 0.01%, Combigan^®, Alphagan^®P 0.1% and Alphagan^®P 0.15%, an increase in sales of eye care products, prednisolone acetate and fluorometholone, by our generics division, Pacific Pharma, Inc., an increase in our non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug Acular LS^®, and an increase of $30.7 million in sales of our artificial tears products, primarily consisting of Refresh^® and Optive^™ lubricant eye drops, partially offset by a decrease in sales of our fluoroquinolone products Zymaxid^® and Zymar^®, a decrease in sales of Lastacaft^®, our topical allergy medication for the treatment and prevention of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis, and a decrease in sales of our older-generation anti-inflammatory drug Acular^®.

We increased prices on certain eye care pharmaceutical products in the United States in 2014. Effective January 1, 2014, we increased the published U.S. list price for Restasis^®, Lumigan^® 0.01%, <